What is the relevant knowledge of the reactor 20

List the five main structures that make up the reactor, fuel assembly, reactor internals, pressure capacity and rotten device, control rod drive mechanism to form the reactor body Fuel assembly, reactor internals, pressure vessel, control rod drive mechanism to form the reactor laughing rolling skin difference body, I hope it can help you. If my answer is helpful to you, please give a thumbs up (in the lower left corner), I look forward to your like, your efforts are very important to me, and your support is also the motivation for my progress. Finally, I wish you good health and a good mood!

A nuclear reactor is mainly composed of the following components:

1) Active area. This is where the chain reaction takes place, in which nuclear fuel and neutron moderators are placed. Nuclear fuel refers to fissile material that produces a chain reaction.

Natural uranium, enriched uranium (uranium-235 is more abundant than natural uranium), plutonium and uranium-233 are used in the reactor. Moderators are substances used to reduce the velocity of neutrons, because the neutrons released by fission have a high velocity, and uranium-235 is prone to fission with a smaller velocity (thermal neutron). The ideal moderator is a substance that does not absorb or very few neutrons.

Such as heavy water (D2O, compounds of heavy hydrogen and oxygen), graphite, beryllium oxide, etc. For enriched uranium fuel, ordinary water can also be used as a moderator.

In the active zone, the nuclear fuel is generally inserted into the reducer in the shape of a rod or block, and there are also nuclear fuel and the reducer are evenly mixed together.

2) Neutron reflective layer. It is used to block the middle and fly out of the active area to reduce the loss of neutrons, generally graphite or beryllium oxide.

3) Control the regulation system. The speed of the chain reaction is very fast, it can produce about 1,000 neutrons per second, and if left unchecked, it releases a huge amount of energy in a very short time to make uranium**, which is the atomic bomb. Therefore, the control and regulation system is a very critical part of the reactor, which is used to control the speed of the chain reaction, adjust the power of the reactor, and make the reactor start or stop working.

The control system is mainly composed of control rods made of cadmium or boron, a substance with strong neutron absorption, and the corresponding automatic control system. When the reaction is strong, the control rods in the reactor will be inserted deeper, so that more neutrons are absorbed, so that the chain reaction is slowed down; Conversely, pull the control rod out of the active zone a little outward, and the reaction speed will be accelerated.

4) Cooling system. The vast majority of the energy released by nuclear fission in the reactor is converted into heat. The temperature in the reactor is very high, usually using ordinary water, heavy water, liquid metal steel, etc. as coolant to transport the heat in the reactor, and then through the heat exchange device to turn the water into high-pressure and high-temperature steam, which is used to drive the steam turbine to generate electricity.

On the other hand, the cooled coolant is pressed back into the reactor and continues to be used, where it flows in a closed circulatory system.

5) Protective layer. When the nucleus fissions, not only neutrons are released, but also a large number of rays and rays are emitted from the fission products. In order to prevent the harm of these rays to the human body, the outer layer of the reactor should be built with a thick concrete protective layer.

Nuclear reactor? The principle is nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.

A nuclear reactor, also known as an atomic reactor or reactor, is a device that can maintain a controllable self-sustaining chain nuclear fission reaction to realize the utilization of nuclear energy.

Through the rational arrangement of nuclear fuel, the nuclear reactor can carry out a self-sustaining chain nuclear fission process without the need to replenish the neutron source.