How many people speak Mandarin in China What is the penetration rate of Mandarin in the country?

China is an ancient civilization with a large population, all provinces and localities have their own languages, and even the three districts of a city will have differences in accents, and the real Mandarin is only spoken in formal social occasions, and now there are almost no people who can speak Mandarin every day, I think there are only announcers, radio hosts, etc., they have been speaking Mandarin for a long time, they may have been used to it, not to speak, but "occupational disease", and only similar, not absolute, so there is no point in discussing this issue, speaking is just for communicationIn addition to formal social occasions, (maybe even social occasions are not necessarily without a word of vernacular) we speak as long as the other party can understand it, and the purpose is achieved.

In 2004, the State Language Commission organized and implemented the "Survey on the Use of Chinese and Chinese Spoken and Written Languages" and released the results of the "Survey on the Use of Chinese and Chinese Spoken and Written Languages", which showed that about 53 percent of the country's population could communicate in Putonghua, and 66 percent of the urban population used Putonghua, 21 percentage points higher than that in rural areas.

Recently, the State Language Commission organized a second large-scale survey on the use of Putonghua, and the proportion of Putonghua used has increased compared with the last time. However, both times are based on the private prosecution of the respondents, so the proportion of the population who can actually speak Mandarin and reach a certain level of Mandarin should be lower than this figure.

The reality is that there is no problem in speaking Mandarin in first- and second-tier cities. However, it is still difficult to get to third-tier cities or more convenient rural or ethnic minority areas.

FYI.

To be honest, it doesn't seem like there is any.

It has been popularized in China's cities and towns, primary and secondary schools and organizational units. At present, only mountainous areas are located, and rural penetration is low. The national Putonghua penetration rate is 83.99 percent.

None of China's 34 administrative units speaks Mandarin in a respectful way. But the closest thing to Mandarin is the Beijing dialect.

Mandarin, i.e. Standard Chinese. Putonghua is the lingua franca of communication between different ethnic groups in China, with Beijing pronunciation as the basic sound, northern dialects as the basic dialect, and exemplary modern vernacular writings as the grammatical norms. "It is mainly spoken in the areas north of the Yangtze River in Chinese mainland, and Mandarin is generally not spoken in the south of the Yangtze River, because there are Chinese dialects everywhere and do not rely on Mandarin."

Among them, Cantonese is spoken in Hong Kong, China, and Macao, and Mandarin is also spoken in Taiwan, China, in official settings, but the accent is slightly different from that of Mandarin in the mainland.

The birthplace of Mandarin is Luanping, HebeiIn 1953, the language experts sent by the People's Government Council conducted phonetic surveys in order to formulate the standard of China's common language, and conducted phonetic collection in Jingoutun Town, Bakshiying Town, and Huodoushan Township in Luanping.

As a national standard, Mandarin requires smooth syllables, a concise tone, easy to distinguish, and even a moderate speed of speech, coherent airflow, and sufficient charm, suitable for broadcasting, speeches and daily communication, so that it is suitable as a public language to promote to the whole country. Judging from the later norms of Mandarin, Luanping's daily language is very much in line with these standards.

Standard accent:

In terms of pronunciation, Putonghua is based on Beijing pronunciation, rather than "focusing on Beijing pronunciation and taking into account other dialects", and the pronunciation standard is in terms of the whole, not every pronunciation of Beijing dialect is a norm and standard.

There is also a distinction between "standard accents" and "non-standard accents" within the three major systems of Chinese, Mandarin and Chinese. From this point of view, the standard Chinese language constitutes a large category of "dialects" of Chinese. Even if it is a standard, there are differences between the three places, such as the word "message".

The mainland "Xi" is read softly, Taiwan is read twice, and Singapore and Malaysia are the same as Taiwan (just like the pronunciation of the word "Xi" in "rest", the pronunciation is the same as "Xi").

I think that Chinese Mandarin should be calculated according to the pronunciation of Beijing, so Mandarin in Beijing should be the most standard, but not necessarily everyone in Beijing speaks standard Mandarin.

In fact, Mandarin is of little use to me, and compared with my classmates in Guangdong, as a Xinjiang native, it seems to have potential advantages, they feel that they can get the second class B class is good, and then I saw that I had the second class A class, and I felt that it might be the reason why I came to Guangdong, and the Mandarin was not standard, in fact, I didn't prepare well. If everyone goes to practice Mandarin well, there will definitely be progress. <>

In fact, I think that the people in Beijing have the best Mandarin, followed by Xinjiang, because the people in Xinjiang are more complicated, they are all people from all over the world, and everyone can only communicate well by speaking Mandarin, otherwise they don't know what you're talking about. Just like when I came to Guangdong, they spoke Chaoshan, Hakka, and vernacular, but when these people were in a dormitory, they didn't have to go out to play **, everyone couldn't understand each other, so everyone spoke Mandarin in the dormitory.

When I went to sign up for the etiquette of the college before, I saw that there was a senior brother who spoke Mandarin very well, although he was a Cantonese, but he spoke better than me. It doesn't feel that you can't speak Mandarin well, but whether you are willing to speak it well and practice it well. As long as you work hard, there is nothing that you can't do, just like those hosts, they also practice step by step, and they will say such a standard of words.

So at present, only Mandarin in Beijing is better.

The dialect is backward, and my identification with the vernacular and the frequency of use are not high. ”

The dialect is gradually being assimilated into Mandarin, and the children in my hometown can't speak the dialect anymore, which is really a sad thing. ”

The vocabulary of the dialect cannot adapt to more and more new things, and it is inevitable that it will be replaced. ”

Speaking Mandarin is Chinese identity, speaking dialects is hometown identity, and the cultural importance of dialects cannot be ignored. ”

It is customary to divide modern Chinese dialects into seven regions – Northern Dialects, Wu Dialects, Hunan Dialects, Jiangxi Dialects, Hakka Dialects, Min Dialects, and Cantonese Dialects.

When I returned to the village today, I suddenly found a slogan from many years ago in a corner of the village: "Learn Mandarin and be a civilized person". I am an undergraduate student of humanities and geography, and I carefully reflect on this sentence - has Mandarin become a necessary condition for civilized people?

Let me first state that I deny the "Mandarin invasion of dialects" and that there is no right or wrong in this matter, and that it is very normal for local languages to be led to change by strong languages.

I heard a friend in the south (I am a northerner) say that when he was in elementary school, if the child was full of dirty words, he would be called by the head teacher to criticize.

I am a northerner, and as long as I am at school, basically all the children can communicate in Mandarin. Now I am 35 years old, and my wife and I also speak Mandarin at home.

Therefore, whenever I take my child back to my hometown or my grandmother's house, the child basically doesn't understand what the old man's vernacular means.

I am now deliberately speaking some vernacular to my children, probably due to my expertise in the humanities, and it hurts my heart to think that the dialects that condense the ancient cultural relics of a region will disappear in my next generation, the post-10 generation.

We can all imagine the purpose of the country's promotion of Mandarin: China is vast and rich, with different sounds for ten miles, and the dialects in some places are very difficult to understand (such as Wenzhou dialect, and also did the communication dialect during the Anti-Japanese War, with its own encryption effect, even if it is intercepted, it is absolutely incomprehensible if it is not Wenzhou people). ）

The promotion of a Mandarin language that is widely used throughout the country is convenient for communication between localities and is also conducive to enhancing national cohesion.

But language isn't just for communication, dialects are a kind of blood connection between us and our hometown. Learning Mandarin is national identity, and learning dialects is hometown identity, and the two do not conflict. But after all, in our lives, there are so many words spoken every day, and dialects and Mandarin are always at odds with each other.

Mandarin is spoken too much, and dialects are slowly being forgotten.

I longed for a compromise that would preserve the differences in dialects. In this era of the global village, our world is homogeneous enough - there are similar snack streets, similar buildings, and almost dressed girls and boys ...... everywhere

There's nothing wrong with pushing the pu, and it's even more wrong to protect the dialect, it's just that no one does it, and it's just that it's not allowed to push, and friends who can speak the dialect still need more persistence.