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It is forbidden to spray pesticides during the flowering period, and the pesticide residues exceed the standard
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In the process of growth, it is necessary to add some nitrogen fertilizer appropriately, which can make its plant grow more robust, and the leaves will be long and wide, and the yield is also very high, but if only some nitrogen fertilizer is used, it will easily cause its leaves and seedlings to grow, and the tissue is also very incomplete, and the formation of shoots is also delayed, so its resistance will gradually weaken. Appropriate addition of some other fertilizers will make its root system more and more developed, and conducive to the transformation from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, and the number of flower buds is also increasing.
Rape flowers need more potassium fertilizer, because potassium fertilizer ** is more sufficient, in the early stage of growth, its plant tissue is very tough, grow up more robust, for some diseases of the ability to continue to enhance in the middle, the later stage will make its entire flower vine grow very thick and neat, and the flower buds are also very hypertrophied, the number is also increasing, the picking period can be extended for a few days, and improve the quality of daylily. Daylily can produce new leaves about twice a year, and the first time is in February and March, and some flower buds continue to appear in May and June, and the plants that grow this time are called spring seedlings.
In a growth cycle of rape flowers, technology can be divided into spring seedling stage, can also be divided into flower accumulation and autumn seedling stage that grows in autumn, because during each state, its fertility characteristics are different requirements for nutrients, and some distribution in the body are very different. As long as all the nutrients it needs are met at different times, its picking period will be extended, and it will have the characteristics of being able to pick from the beginning of the bud to the end of the picking, which is very good for some daylily growers, and it will absorb more nutrients during this period.
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Pesticides can not be sprayed during the flowering period of rapeseed, otherwise it will affect pollination, reduce the fruit, and reduce the yield, so the rape flowering period can not be sprayed with Tianfengsu and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
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Potassium monobasic phosphate.
As a highly concentrated, water-soluble fast-available phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, it is most commonly used by farmers for foliar sprays.
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed during the flowering period, and it is generally used after spring, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed at the new shoot growth period, before flowering, flowering, and late flowering and fruit expansion stage.
It can be combined with the prevention and control of sclerotinia disease, and it is recommended that 100 grams of Leboron, 100 grams of potassium next to dihydrogen phosphate, and carbendazim should be quickly detected per mu.
100 grams, mixed with 75 100 kg of water to transport the swim spray.
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It can't spray flowers, it will rot; The fruit can be sprayed, and the bud stage spray can protect the flower and fruit to promote the enlargement and bright color of the Qingpei fruit. It is a kind of fertilizer that is coarse and round, and it is often used as top dressing outside the roots.
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Yes, boron fertilizer must be used for rapeseed, but the pod-setting period is a bit late. Boron deficiency in oilseed rape can lead to flowering and backflowering, so attention should be paid to spraying boron fertilizer.
There are three types of boron application: bottom, top dressing or foliar spraying. For those without basal boron fertilizer, foliar sprays were applied at the budding stage and the first flowering stage.
If the soil is seriously deficient in boron and there is no bottom boron fertilizer, boron fertilizer should be sprayed once at the seedling stage of rapeseed. Spraying boron fertilizer is generally sprayed with 1500 times of Pica boron fertilizer + 800 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu.
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In rainy weather, it is recommended to spray Pythium, Sclerotinia or Pyroxamine in time to prevent Sclerotinia sclerotinia disease. At the same time, pay attention to the occurrence of aphids, downy mildew or white rust, etc., and if there is, it is also necessary to carefully select pesticides for prevention and control in time. When spraying pesticides, boron and potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer can be added to spray together to avoid unreal flowers and improve the pod setting rate.
Pay attention to the ditch drainage, reduce the humidity in the field in time, and at the same time remove the old leaves in the field in time if possible, which is the source of germ infection.
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Grasping the field management of rapeseed flowering and cornering period is the final key to seizing high and stable rapeseed yield, and it is necessary to focus on the full branches of the horns and full of seeds, and the field management must not be relaxed, specifically, we should mainly grasp the three:
1. Supplemental application of flower fertilizer to prevent premature aging. From the full flowering stage to the final flowering stage, foliar fertilizer spraying and other measures are taken to supplement nutrition in time, which can prolong the stalk leaf, fruiting period and stem function period, enhance the photosynthesis ability, and have obvious grain enhancement effect. Spraying fertilizer is mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, but for the field with a premature aging tendency with light leaf color, it must also be sprayed with nitrogen fertilizer, generally 150 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus kilograms of urea per mu each time, 75 kg of water, evenly spray the whole plant, spray 2-3 times.
2. Clean the ditch and drain the stain to prevent stains. In the Jianghuai region, there are generally more spring rains, which often make the field waterlogged, suffocate the rapeseed root system, easy to premature aging, reduce the absorption function, and the plant wilts and dies when it is serious, so the farmers have the saying that "spring water is the disease of rapeseed". Therefore, it is necessary to clear the ditch and manage the moisture, so as to dredge the "three ditches" in the field in time.
Remove dark stains by draining waterlogging to promote the normal growth of rapeseed roots.
3. Apply pesticides in a timely manner to prevent diseases. Sclerotinia sclerotinia sclerotiorum, an important disease in the rape flower horn stage, should be introduced and paid great attention to and the prevention and control should be strengthened. It is best to spray once at the peak and final flowering stage.
100 grams of 40% grass wampling powder, or 50 grams of 50% sokrin wettable powder, or 200 grams of 40% disease-killing carb suspension, 75 kg of water are evenly prepared each time, and sprayed on the middle and lower stems, branches, leaves and upper inflorescences of the middle and lower parts of the plant, so as to spray carefully and thoughtfully.
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The key to the prevention and control of rapeseed root swelling is mainly prevention, supplemented by treatment, the key is to sterilize and disinfect seeds and soil, and the best time for prevention and control is mainly in the seedling stage of rapeseed growth. The specific prevention and control of rapeseed root swelling disease is as follows:
Disinfection and sterilization of seedbed and soil: one week before rapeseed is planted in the field, mix well with quicklime and plant ash (the ratio is 1:20), use 8-10 kg of ground for one point, add 2 bags of agronontax, and sprinkle it evenly in the ground.
Carefully turn over the ground and let it dry in the sun for two days. Sow. After sowing the seeds, use 1 bag of chrenvin, 8 grams of copper sulfate, a bag of agricultural streptomycin (York), 20 grams of dixone (also known as dixanthium), 50 grams of vinegar (1 tael), foam and dissolve, and then add manure (filter the slag) and splash.
Prevention and control of root swelling disease at the seedling stage and growth period: when the seeds grow to 1 leaf after the seedlings emerge, spray with 2 bags (20 grams) of chrengin, 1 bag (15 grams) of agricultural streptomycin, 15 grams of copper sulfate, 30 grams of dixone (also known as sodium disulfon), 3 medical penicillin (15 grams), add a small amount of vinegar (1 tael) to foam and dissolve, and then add insecticides (such as 20 grams of methrin, 10 grams of imidacloprid) 15 kg of water. The whole growth of rapeseed is generally sprayed and sprayed once every 20 days, and the spraying is better at the flowering and paddle filling periods.
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If it is drunk with water, it will be wrapped to death.
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The basic techniques of rape cultivation are mainly divided into the following points:
1. Soil selection: Soil with deep soil layer, loose structure, good drainage, sufficient nutrients and slightly acidic soil should be selected for planting. It is very suitable for rice harvesting fields with moderate sand stickiness, high terrain, low groundwater level, not easy to be waterlogged, and convenient drainage and irrigation.
2. Sowing: strip sowing is the most commonly used cultivation method for rapeseed, which has the characteristics of developed root system, strong ability to absorb water and fertilizer, cold resistance, drought resistance and disease resistance, but because rapeseed seeds are small, it is necessary to prepare the land finely, apply foot fertilizer and select seeds.
1. Land preparation: Land preparation requires fine and smoothness. Dig a drainage ditch and open the box according to the size of the field, there is no strict requirement for the size, but it must be able to drain smoothly.
2. Apply plantar fertilizer: mix well with 1000 kg of rotted farmhouse fertilizer and 40 kg of general calcium and evenly apply it to the sowing furrow.
3. Sowing: Be sure to dry the seeds before sowing. The row spacing of the strip is a ruler.
Because the seeds are small, sowing should be done with 30-50 pounds of fine manure and about 10 pounds of ash dressing, and a small amount of fine manure soil is used to mix the seeds evenly and then gradually add and mix until the manure is mixed. The required boron fertilizer can be mixed together.
4. Field management: Generally, when the rape grows to 3-4 inches, it is necessary to pull out the sick and weak seedlings and bent seedlings in time.
3. Pest control: Rapeseed is sensitive to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and boron throughout the growth period. When nitrogen is deficient, the leaves are red, and the foot leaves are senescent and fall off; Phosphate fertilizer is beneficial to root growth and strengthens resistance; Potassium fertilizer can improve the effect of disease resistance, cold resistance and lodging resistance; Boron deficiency can make rapeseed unsaturated, affecting yield and oil yield.
4. Timely harvesting: The growth characteristics of rape are flowering and fruiting at the same time, and the maturity is inconsistent, so it is required to harvest when 70%-80% is mature.
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The suitable sowing date of direct seeding rape is generally from late September to early to mid-October, with a sowing amount of 200 300 grams per mu and 23,000 seedlings per mu. For late-sown or poor soil fertility, the sowing rate per mu can be increased to 300 400 grams, and 34,000 seedlings per mu can be retained. In areas where rice straw is promoted, it is necessary to pay attention to the uniform return of straw to the field, and the sowing amount of direct seeding rape should be increased by 15% and 20% compared with that of those who do not return to the field, so as to ensure the basic number of seedlings.
Rapeseed seedling transplanting is generally transplanted around mid to late October, with a transplanting density of 6000 8000 plants per mu; The transplanting period should not be too late, and the transplanting density should be appropriately increased for late planting rape to make up for the late.
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The methods of planting rapeseed include moisture seeding, i.e., direct seeding or seedling raising. In the north, live broadcasting is mostly used, while in the south, seedlings are mainly raised. Large-scale planting is mostly used for direct seeding, and small areas are mostly for seedlings.
Rapeseed seeds are small and weigh 1,000 seeds. It is required to prepare the land finely, apply foot fertilizer, and choose different row spacing according to the purpose of use.
Do green fodder with row spacing, sowing amount per mu, if harvesting with increased row spacing, reduce the amount of sowing. Rapeseed for feed can be sown in strips or sown.
Open field production is generally sown in late March, and all are sown in direct seeding.
Rape, also known as oil cabbage, bitter green, Latin name: Brassica napus LCruciferous family, Brassica plant, native to China, its stem color is dark green, such as cabbage, belongs to the cruciferous family cabbage variety, the flowers are yellow.
In agronomy, several species in plants with oily seeds are collectively referred to as oilseed rape. At present, the main cultivation (variety) types of rape are: Brassica rapa (Campetris) L, Brassica Juncea LBrassica napus L)。
It is mainly distributed in Anhui, Henan, Sichuan and other places. Canola is highly nutritious and high in vitamin C. Rapeseed generally grows in places with relatively humid climates, such as southern China.
Rape also has many uses, such as rape flowers can be eaten when they are not budding; When rape flowers are in full bloom, it is also a beautiful scenery (there is a rape flower viewing tourist area in Hanzhong City, Shaanxi, China); After the flowers have withered, the rapeseed can be pressed for oil.
Rapeseed is a cold-loving and cold-resistant crop. According to the test, the minimum temperature of seed germination is 4 6, and the seedlings can emerge in 4 days under the condition of 20 25, the flowering period is 15 19, and the horn fruit development period is 12 15, and the temperature difference between day and night is large, which is conducive to flowering and horn development, and increases the accumulation of dry matter and oil.
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Rapeseed planting time and method, rape sowing time, in the south of the Yellow River is basically after the rice harvest, that is, the beginning of August of the lunar calendar, before sowing carbon ammonia fertilizer 100 catties per mu, planting wheat that is, October 23 frost before and after the seedling planting, seedling spacing 7 inches, the ground moisture can not be watered, if the moisture is not good, after planting seedlings must be watered, in order to ensure the high survival rate of rape seedlings, sowing rape pay attention to the seedlings, seedling spacing 6 inches, usually pay attention to weeding, if there are green insects to spray dichlorvos to extinguish. Harvested in mid-April of the lunar calendar. As for the planting of rape in northern China, it depends on the time of traditional habitual sowing.
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