There is an urgent need for information on the principle of aircraft invention and how the airplane

This can be found in the relevant patents of getting off the plane.

The invention of the airplane originated from the human yearning for flight and the study of birds, because ancient people did not understand aerodynamics, just imitated birds from the appearance, and there are similar descriptions in the historical records of various civilizations. In modern times, due to the development of aerodynamics and mechanics, people gradually understood the principle of bird flight, because of the shape of the bird's wings, the speed of the air flow through the upper surface of the wing is faster than the speed of flowing through the lower surface, resulting in the upward air flow pressure on the lower wing surface is greater than the downward air pressure on the upper wing surface, this pressure difference is the lift, and thus the aircraft was created (the Wright brothers' plane was the first aircraft that could be successfully flown successfully, and there were many attempts before this, but the flight effect was not good). During World War I, there was a rapid development of airplanes, and most of the aircraft at that time were propeller engines, which were relatively slow and mostly had wooden fuselages.

After World War II, due to the advancement of engines, engines such as turbojets, turbofans, etc., appeared, and today civil aviation is basically monopolized by Airbus in Europe and Boeing in the United States.

One of the most significant inventions of the twentieth century was the birth of the airplane. Since ancient times, humans have dreamed of flying in space like birds. And the kite invented by the Chinese more than 2,000 years ago, although it cannot take people into space, it can indeed be called the originator of airplanes.

At the beginning of this century, there was a pair of brothers in the United States who made significant contributions to the history of the world's aircraft development, and they were the Wright brothers. At the time, most people thought that it was impossible for an airplane to fly on its own power, but the Wright brothers did not believe this conclusion, and from 1900 to 1902 their brothers conducted more than 1,000 gliding test flights, and finally in 1903 they built the first manned aircraft to fly under their own power, the "Flyer 1", and the test flight was successful. They were awarded the U.S. Congressional Honor Award in 1909. In the same year, they founded the "Wright Aircraft Company".

This is a great success of mankind in the history of aircraft development.

There are many applications of biomimicry in airplanes**, including birds, flies, dragonflies, praying mantises, horses, fish, sharks, and many more.

The Wright brothers invented the airplane using the principles of avian bionics. The Wright brothers studied the flight of birds. For example, they studied how the squid makes a wing fall and keeps it balanced by turning the falling wing. How the increased pressure on this wing keeps the plover stable and balanced.

The two men carried out these experiments by equipping their gliders with wingtip ailerons, which were controlled by people on the ground with ropes that could turn or bend. Their second successful experiment was to control the direction of the aircraft by manipulating a turnable rudder at the rear of the aircraft, which was used to make the aircraft turn left or right.

In addition, one of the founders of aerodynamics, the Englishman Kelly, imitated the spindle shape of trout and mountain sandpipers, finding a streamlined structure with little resistance. The German Helmholtz invented a glider capable of manned flight, based on the principle of the flight mechanism of birds.

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Airplanes were invented based on the flight of birds.

The Wright brothers, the inventors of the airplane.

Not only did he strive to grasp the research results of his predecessors, but he also paid great attention to learning directly from living flying animals, birds. The Wright brothers often lay on their backs on the ground, carefully observing the eagles' flight in the air for hours on end, studying and pondering their mechanisms for take-off, lifting, and circling. Many of the novel ideas put forward by the Wright brothers were later in the aviation industry.

has been applied.

Well, airplanes were invented based on birds, taking off, because birds can soar in the sky, so the words of birds are a hole in the invention of airplanes.

When the airplane was invented, it was actually borrowed from animals, such as dragonflies and birds, and the streamlining of their bodies can reduce drag, so the shape of the airplane is also like a big bird.

The airplane was invented according to the principle of dragonfly, and the appearance of the airplane is very similar to the appearance of the dragonfly, so the shape of the aircraft is also designed with the help of the shape of the dragonfly.

There is no biomimetic principle in airplanes, after all, airplanes do not flap their wings. Airplanes fly according to Bernoulli's principle, which states that the greater the velocity of a fluid (including air and water), the lower its pressure; The smaller the flow velocity, the greater the pressure. The upper part of the wing is curved, the lower part is flat, yes, the air velocity in the upper part of the wing is greater than that in the lower part, which creates lift and makes the aircraft fly.

Aircraft were originally analogized, invented based on the flight patterns of birds, and then improved step by step.

The inventors of the airplane were the Wright brothers, the famous American inventors.

The Wright brothers have had a natural love for mechanics since they were children, and they have loved to dismantle and manipulate since they were children. One day, their dad brought back a flying spiral toy and told them that it could fly high in the air. Only then did my brother believe that in addition to birds and butterflies, artificially made things could also fly into the sky.

Growing up, the brothers began their experiments with mechanical aviation, and observing birds, began the development of flying machines.

On December 17, 1903, the Wright brothers made their first test flight of an airplane that was completely controlled, self-powered, the fuselage was heavier than air, and remained in the air, that is, the world's first aircraft, the "Aviator I". Their great inventions changed human transportation, economy, production, and daily life, and at the same time changed military history.

Principles of airplane flight.

The cross-section of the wing of an aircraft is generally rounded and blunt at the front and sharp at the rear, with an arched upper surface and a flat lower surface. When equal mass air passes through both the upper and lower surfaces of the wing, different flow velocities are formed above and below the wing.

The velocity of air passing through the upper surface of the wing is high and the pressure is small; When passing through the lower surface, the flow velocity is small and the pressure is strong, so the aircraft will have an upward resultant force, that is, the upward lift, due to the existence of lift, so that the aircraft can leave the ground and fly in the air. The faster the aircraft flies and the larger the wing area, the greater the lift generated.

Fixed-wing aircraft refers to an aircraft with wings and one or more engines, which can fly in space or the atmosphere with a density greater than air by its own power. Strictly speaking, an aircraft is an aircraft with fixed wings. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Wright brothers of the United States made significant contributions to the history of aircraft development in the world.

In 1903, the first manned flight under its own power, the Flyer 1, was built and successfully tested.

In a real wing that generates lift, the airflow always converges at the trailing edge, otherwise there would be a point at which the airflow velocity is infinity at the trailing edge of the wing. This condition is known as the Kuta condition, and only when this condition is met can the wing generate lift. In an ideal gas or at the beginning of the wing's movement, this condition is not satisfied, and a viscous boundary layer is not formed.

Usually the airfoil (wing cross-section) is longer than the lower distance, at the beginning of the absence of circulation, the upper and lower surface airflow velocity is the same, resulting in the lower airflow to the trailing edge when the upper airflow has not reached the trailing edge, the rear station is located at a point above the airfoil, the lower airflow must bypass the sharp trailing edge and meet the upper airflow. Due to the viscosity of the fluid (i.e., the Conda effect), a low-pressure vortex is formed as the lower airflow wraps around the trailing edge, resulting in a large backpressure gradient at the trailing edge. Immediately, this vortex will be washed away by the incoming current, and this vortex is called the starting vortex.

According to Heimholtz's law of conservation of vortices, for an ideal incompressible fluid, there will also be an eddy around the airfoil in the opposite direction to the strength of the starting vortex under the action of force, which is called circulation, or circumferential circumference. The circulation flows from the leading edge of the upper surface of the airfoil to the leading edge of the lower surface, so the addition of the circulation and incoming flow causes the rear station to eventually move back to the trailing edge of the wing, thus satisfying the Kuta condition. The amount of circumference generated by satisfying the Kuta condition causes the airflow on the upper surface of the wing to accelerate backwards, and the pressure difference can be deduced from Bernoulli's theorem and the lift force can be calculated, and the final lift generated by this ring can also be calculated by the Kuta-Zhukovsky equation

l (lift) = v (gas density, flow velocity, ring value) This equation can also be used to calculate the aerodynamic force of the Magnus effect. According to Bernoulli's theorem – "The faster the velocity of a fluid, the smaller its static pressure (static pressure is the pressure generated by the fluid as it flows perpendicular to the direction of fluid motion). "Therefore, the pressure exerted by the air on the upper surface of the wing, f1 is less than that of the lower surface, and the resultant force must go upward, which creates lift.

The principle of lift is that the presence of the ring around the wing (attachment vortex) causes different flow velocities and different pressures on the upper and lower surfaces of the wings.

In 1903, the American Wright brothers piloted a power-driven aircraft called the "Aviator" in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, and successfully carried out the first powered sustained flight, realizing the long-awaited dream of mankind, and the era of human flight began.

On the day of the first test flight, the weather was cold and windy, and the younger brother Orville Wright first flew the "Flyer" plane, leaving 12 seconds in the air and flying meters. On the same day, the plane made three more flights, with the best result being his brother Wilbur Wright. He flew the plane in the air for a continuous flight of 260 meters.

The Wright brothers, who repaired bicycles for a living, were intelligent and studious, and since 1896 they have been enthusiastic about flying research. After much research and experimentation, they quickly came to the conclusion that to solve the critical problem of aircraft handling, it was necessary to install some kind of mechanism that would allow aerodynamics to work.

Following this idea, their dream finally became a reality after several experiments with a manned glider over the dunes of Kitty Hawk.

The Flyer is an ordinary biplane with two pusher propellers mounted on either side of the pilot's position and chained by a single engine. In 1904, the Wright brothers built a second "Flyer" equipped with a new engine for a test flight in the Hoffman Meadows near Dayton, with the longest sustained flight time exceeding 5 minutes and a distance of 44 km; In 1905, a third "Flyer" was tested, piloted by Wilbur, and it flew for 38 minutes and kilometers.

The success of the Wright brothers' flight was not initially taken seriously and recognized by the United States and the public, and was doubted until 1907; On the contrary, it was France that first gave a correct assessment of their achievements in 1908, and since then it has set off an aviation boom that has swept the world.

The dragon roared, come on.