What is the genetic material of a human being?The genetic material of a person is:

Since classical molecular biology theories are based on the study of prokaryotes, new problems arise when people apply traditional concepts to higher organisms, such as mammals. For example, in higher organisms, despite the totipotency of germ cells, the gene expression profiles of different types of cells are often very different during ontogeny, and cell fate also undergoes significant differentiation. Importantly, cell differentiation events are heritable until the completion of development, and cells of the same type form form various tissues that perform independent functions.

Clearly, a simple "DNA-DNA" replication pattern cannot explain this genetic problem during ontogeny. So, what is the substance responsible for "memory" and genetic gene expression spectrum during development?For example, scientists compared the DNA sequences of the genomes of humans and chimpanzees and found more than 96% similarities.

In fact, chimpanzees and humans are very different from humans in terms of language and intelligence, in addition to their similar size. So, how is this intrinsic "ability" inherited by human beings?Another example is that human individuals have the same genomic DNA sequence, but their personalities vary from one person to anotherSometimes the character of a child is like that of his parents, and sometimes he is not like that of his parents.

How can this be explained?Perhaps "epigenetics" could be used to explain the question raised above.

People refer to these reversible and heritable changes in gene function in the absence of changes in the DNA sequence of the nucleus as epigenetics. In fact, the concept of epigenetics was proposed as early as the 40s of the last century, but it was not fully understood until the last 20 years [6]. The core research content of epigenetics is focused on chromatin, the carrier of DNA.

Histones are the key proteins that fold DNA to form chromatin. The octamer composed of double copies of histone H2a, H2b, H3, and H4 and its 147 base pairs wound around it form the nucleosome core, and then the nucleosome is formed at intervals with histone H1, and the beaded nucleosomes are repeatedly coiled and folded to form chromatin. The carboxy-terminal globular domain of a histone serves as the core structure of the nucleosome, while the amino terminus is exposed.

Histones, especially the amino terminus they expose, undergo a series of post-translational modifications, such as acetylation, methylation, and so on. It has been found that DNA in mammalian cells can also be methylated. Recent decades of research have confirmed that epigenetic modifications of chromatin are involved in almost all DNA metabolism processes, including transcription, replication, damage repair, and more.

In the process of ontogeny, the differences in epigenetic modifications of the genome determine the direction of cell differentiation. As a result, many scientists have proposed that for eukaryotes, chromosomes (chromatin), which are the carriers of DNA, are the complete genetic material.

The genetic material of human beings is DNA and RNA, and DNA is found in the nucleus of every cell in the human body, and there are also a few in the cytoplasm. RNA is present in the cytoplasm and DNA is the main genetic material, whereas the mode of inheritance of RNA follows cytoplasmic inheritance (maternal inheritance).

DNA, to be correct, is all animals and plants, microorganisms and some viruses have genetic material that is DNA, while a few viruses have RNA genetic material and a small number of viruses whose genetic material may be made up of proteins, such as American mad cow disease.

Most of it is DNA, and a few are RNA, such as tobacco mosaic virus.

Human chromosomes: human genetic material, carriers of genes.

Summary. The genetic material of a person is DNA. Genetic material is the material that transmits genetic information between parents and offspring. Except for a portion of the diseased DU, the genetic material of the diseased DU is RNA, and the rest of the diseased DU and all organisms with typical cellular structures.

I am glad to answer for you that the genetic material of the human being is DNA: the accompanying role of nucleic acid in life activities Thematic modeling: Analysis: Nucleic acids are divided into DNA and DNA according to the five carbon sugars, and the genetic material of the organism with cell structure is DNA

The human genetic substance is DNA. Genetic material is the material that transmits genetic information between parents and offspring. Except for a portion of the diseased DU, the genetic material of the diseased DU is RNA, and the rest of the diseased DU and all organisms with typical cellular structures.

If you are in trouble, I am happy to answer for you that the genetic material of human beings is DNA: the role of nucleic acids in life activities Thematic simulation: analysis: nucleic acids are divided into DNA and DNA according to the five carbon sugars, and the genetic material of the organism with cell structure is DNAM

The genetic material of an organism with MM cell structure is DNA

The genetic material of a person is DNA. Genetic material is the material that transmits genetic information between parents and offspring. With the exception of some viruses, the genetic material of the rest of the viruses and all organisms with typical cellular structures is DNA.

Genetic mechanisms of prions

What most intrigues and concerns scientists today is the replication mechanism of prions. As a prion is a molecular organism that contains only proteins and no nucleic acids and can only survive inside the parasitic host cell. Therefore, it is possible that the information required to synthesize prions is present in the host cell, and the role of prions is only to activate the genes encoded for prions in the host cell, so that the prions can replicate and reproduce.

Another theory is that prion proteins encode genetic information for themselves. This hypothesis is contrary to the "central law" of traditional molecular biology, because prions do not have nucleic acids. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that the possible method of prion replication is that the RNA or DNA encoded by the prion (in the case of the latter, reverse transcription) must be produced through the reverse translation process, and even reverse transcriptase must be present.

The second is protein-guided protein synthesis, that is, the protein itself can be used as genetic information.

In 1982, Pruzaner proposed the "protein conformational pathogenic hypothesis" for prion pathogenesis, which was gradually improved by Weissmann et al. later. The main points are as follows:

Prion proteins come in two conformations: cellular (normal PRPC) and pruritic (pathogenic PRPSC). The main difference between the two is the difference in their spatial conformation.

Only A-helix is present in PRPC, while multiple folds are present in PRPSC, which has low solubility and resistance to proteolysis.

PRPSCs can coerce PRPCs into PRPSC, achieve self-replication, and produce pathological effects.

Genetic mutations can lead to the instability of the helix structure in cellular PRPSCs, and when a certain amount occurs, spontaneous transformation, lamellar increases, and eventually becomes PRPSCs, and pathogenic through domino effect multiplication.

Although the genetic mechanism of prions is not well understood, as far as biological theory is concerned, the replication of prions is not based on nucleic acids, but on proteins, which will have a significant impact on the exploration of the origin of life and the nature of life phenomena.

Genetic material refers to the material that transmits the information transmitted between parents and offspring, except for some viruses whose genetic material is split pants RNA, the genetic material of other viruses and all organisms with typical cell structures is DNA.

Genetic material is the main component of chromosomes, and it is also found in organelles such as plastides, mitochondria, etc., outside the nucleus. It is relatively stable, can self-replicate, maintain a certain continuity in the pregeny and can produce heritable variations.

DNA is the main genetic material.

1.Chromosomes are present in eukaryotic cells and are mostly made up of DNA and proteins, but DNA is the genetic material.

It is a biological macromolecule formed by the polymerization of many deoxynucleotides, and the chemical composition of deoxynucleotides includes phosphoric acid, bases, and deoxyribose.

3 There are two types of Streptococcus pneumoniae (prokaryotes): R bacteria are capsule-free, have coarse colonies, and are non-toxic. S bacteria have capsule, smooth colonies, and are toxic, which can cause pneumonia in humans and mice, and death in mice complicated by sepsis.

4 Transformation experiments for Streptococcus pneumoniae.

1) In vivo lead cultivation transformation experiment: in 1928, it was carried out by British microbiologist Griffiths et al. It is inferred that the S-type bacteria that have been heated to death contain a certain active substance-transformation factor that promotes the transformation of R-type live bacteria into S-type live bacteria.

2) In vitro transformation experiments: In the 40s of the 20th century, it was carried out by American microbiologist Avery et al.

Conclusion: DNA is the substance that causes stable genetic changes in type R bacteria (i.e., the transformation factors mentioned above).

5 In the chemical composition of T2 bacteriophages (bacteria and viruses that can only replicate and proliferate in living bacteria), 60% are proteins and 40% are DNA. Analysis of these two substances showed that only the protein molecule contains sulfur and phosphorus is almost always present in the DNA molecule.

Bacteriophage is a virus that specifically parasitizes in the body of E. coli, its head and tail shell are composed of proteins, the head contains phages to infect E. coli, it will use the substances and energy in E. coli to synthesize its own components under the action of its own genetic material, and carry out a large number of replication and proliferation. When the phage proliferates to a certain number, E. coli lyses, releasing a large number of phages.