How were Taoist priests and nuns named?

After the establishment of Taoism, there was a hierarchy of generations, which generation you are given, so the first word has been set because of the order of entry, and the rest of the name is what the master wants you to become, or according to your performance. . .

Like a family, there is a genealogy, and every temple has a descendant. Taoism doesn't know, Buddhism certainly does. The Buddhist name is preceded by a commentary. For example, Shi Yongxin...

Nuns belong to Buddhism.

Nun is a common name for bhikshuni in China, which is a transliteration of Sanskrit, also translated as bhikhuni, etc. Translated as beggar woman except for the woman or the lavender, also known as the salmoni or simply the nun.

The title nun is actually slightly inconsistent with Buddhist etiquette, and it is a title produced in combination with Chinese folklore. The monks live in the temple, and the nuns live in the nunnery. Those who practice Buddhism usually read Buddhist scriptures with Shakyamuni as their teacher, and those who practice to liberate themselves from troubles and achieve the Buddha's path to Mahayana can attain the Buddhahood of Arhat Bodhisattva.

China's first nun:

According to the Biography of a Bhikshuni written by Liang Baosing of the Southern Dynasty, the first bhikshuni in China to cut his hair and receive ordination according to the precepts was the Jingguan of Zhulin Temple in Luoyang. The common surname of Jingzhen is Zhong, the name is Lingyi, and he is a native of Pengcheng (now Xuzhou). His father's name is Zhong Dan, who once served as a mighty Taishou in Gansu.

She was diligent and studious when she was young, and she was especially good at piano, calligraphy and painting, and was a versatile woman.

During the Jianxing period of the Western Jin Dynasty (313 317), the Jingjian was issued from the monk Zhishan of Shamen in the Western Regions, received the ten precepts, and became the first monk and nun in China. Jingjian and 24 people with the same aspirations established the first temple of nuns at the west gate of Luoyang Palace City, Zhulin Temple.

During the reign of Jin Xiankang (335 342), the foreign Shamen Tanma set up an altar on the ship, pontoon the Surabaya pontoon boat to pass the ordination, and four people including Jingjian ascended the altar in the boat and received full ordination from the monk. Jingzhen became the first woman in China to become a monk according to the ordination, and is regarded as the first bhikshuni in China. He passed away at the age of 70.

Nuns generally refer to bhikshunis. Bhikkhuni (Sanskrit bhikkhuni), is a transliteration of Sanskrit, Buddhist terms, also known as bhikkhuni, bhikkhuni, nuns, nuns, dongnu, and sammoni, who have reached the age of 20 and have received full ordination, is called a bhikshuni.

The nuns called themselves poor nuns.

In the history of Buddhism in our country, there are many bhikshunis who have practiced strict precepts and learned excellently. According to the book "Biography of Bhikshunis", from the Jin Dynasty to Emperor Wu of Liang, there have been many outstanding bhikshunis in the Buddhist community in China. For example, Daorong's 'precepts are exquisite' (vol. 1), Lingzong's 'study and practice are sincere, the scriptures are opened, and the righteousness is profound' (vol. 1), and Huiguo's 'often practising bitterness, not wearing clothes, being good at Peni, and practicing innocence' (vol. 2), all of these are admirable.

Although secular women in ancient times were literate and literate, it was very rare for them to actually speak on stage. The bhikshunis mentioned in the biography of the bhikshunis are quite capable of explaining the scriptures and writing books and sayings. During the reign of Emperor Mu of the Jin Dynasty, Miaoxiang 'Every time he said the law, he was often afraid that the listener would not be able to concentrate on it, or weep to show it' (Vol. 1).

During the time of Emperor Qi Wu, Tan Che's talent was able to take care of the machine, especially to speak.

Dissect the stagnation and explore the seclusion. All the sizes of the nuns, please the north' (Book 3). Outwitted and studied the Vinaya, 'self-made dozens of volumes of righteousness, resignation and purpose, righteousness and subtlety' (Book 3). From these examples, we can get a glimpse of the position of bhikshunis in the early history of Buddhism in China.

As for the second half of the twentieth century, bhikshunis were also the backbone of Buddhism in Taiwan. Not only are there far more people than bhikshus, but there are also quite a few people who can take charge of themselves and spread the Dharma for the benefit of the living. For example, when Zheng Yan founded the Tzu Chi Merit Association and established a large hospital and university, the scale of his Dharma propagation is unprecedented in Taiwan.

Hengqing holds a Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin, is a professor in the Department of Philosophy at National Taiwan University, and is in charge of the Faguang Institute of Buddhist Culture, which has a considerable influence on Buddhist higher education in Taiwan. There are also many outstanding bhikshunis in Taiwan. All kinds of signs show that in the modern Taiwanese Buddhist Sangha, bhikshunis have a very important position.

1.Taoist priests have Taoist certificates.

The Taoist certificate (clergy certificate) is an identity certificate issued to Taoist clergy under the supervision of the State Administration of Ethnic and Religious Affairs of China, uniformly printed by the China Taoist Association, and filed by the Provincial Department of Ethnic and Religious Affairs.

Only a Taoist priest of the Zhengyi sect or a Taoist priest of the Quanzhen sect who has passed the transmission of the Taoist priesthood or the crown scarf is eligible to obtain a Taoist certificate (clergy certificate).

2.Nuns and monks have degrees.

The ordination is a certificate issued by ** institutions to public ordained monks and nuns to prove their legal identity, while ordination is a certificate issued by the monastic institution and ordination master to the ordained monks and nuns to prove their qualifications.

Measures for the Administration of Han Buddhist Monasteries in ChinaChapter 3 Article 9 provides.

Chapter 3 Acceptance of Disciples and Management of the Sangha.

Article 9 requires that a person who is a monk must be voluntary, have sufficient six roots (including no physical defects), be in good health, believe in Buddhism, be patriotic and law-abiding, have a certain cultural foundation, have the permission of his parents, and have the consent of his family. For those who are required to become ordained by the monastery, after ascertaining their identity and origin, and finding that they meet the requirements for ordination, they can accept to stay in the monastery, appoint a dependent teacher, confer the three refuges and five precepts, and pass the inspection of the Sangha for more than one year, and then formally shave the ordination, and issue the ordination according to the prescribed methods and procedures.

Taoist priests, nuns, monk names how to Chongxin hunger to take the following swastika Buddhism from the Eastern Han Dynasty to China, followed by the emergence of Buddhist monks, commonly known as monks.

After the monks became monks, they all used their Dharma names, and no longer used their original secular names.

According to the requirements of Buddhist teachings, there is no surname in the Dharma name.

Tang monk who went to the West to learn scriptures in the Tang Dynasty, his legal name was Xuanzang, his legal name was "Sanzang Master", and his original secular name was Chen Yuan.

the Jianzhen monk who traveled east to Japan in the Tang Dynasty; His surname is Chunyu.

Monks generally use the name of the law according to the generation of the temple, mostly in the name of the law, the Tao, the county, Hui (Hui), the enlightenment, etc., and some monks also have a name and a name.

For example, the sixth ancestor of Zen Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty Hui Neng (also known as Hui Neng), whose original surname was Lu, later joined the five ancestors of Zen Buddhism as a "walker", and was able to inherit the mantle of scattering and become the founder of the Southern Sect of Zen Buddhism.

Henan Shaolin Temple, which is famous at home and abroad, has a master-apprentice relationship among the monks in the temple, and has an obvious lineage and inheritance order.

Since the Shaolin Dharma jungle monk Xue Tan Shenting Zen Master, the monks can accept disciples.

In the Yuan Dynasty, the abbot of Fuyu set a 70-character genealogy for the Shaolin Temple, so that the later monks could follow the order of the 70 characters and the names of their French descendants.

It started with the "Fu" study of Abbot Fukuyu, and now it has multiplied to the 35th generation.

At present, there are six generations of monks in the monastery: Su, De, Xing, Yong, Yan and Heng.

The Taoist priest can keep his original name and character, as well as the Taoist number.

The most famous Taoist priest in the Song Dynasty was Chen Tuan, the word Tu Nan, the Taoist name Fu Shaozi, cultivated in Huashan, Song Taizong once gave the name "Mr. Xiyi", and wrote "Wuji Tu" and "Congenital Tu".

The famous Taoist priest Qiu Chuji of the Jin Dynasty has a dense word and a Taoist name of Changchunzi.

He cultivated in Longmen Mountain and founded the widely spread Quanzhen Longmen School.

Genghis Khan once summoned him to the Snow Mountain, respected him as an immortal, a "great master", and a general Taoist leader.

After his death, he was called Changchun Zhenren, and there is a burial place for his bones in Beijing Baiyun Temple.

The most famous Taoist priest in the Ming Dynasty was Zhang Sanfeng, who was called a real person and a sloppy Taoist in Taoism, who once cultivated in Wudang Mountain. Therefore, Taoism has the Wudangshan School of the Southern School, also known as the Sloppy School.

1.Taoist priests generally use the Taoist name.

The road number is generally in accordance with the order of the poems of each faction, in order not to violate the ancestors, so the original surname remains the same, but the surname is added after the surname Zao Bump Zi. Subsequently, the names and characters of the Dharma were all given by their own masters.

2.In Buddhism, in fact, monks are not monks in Jiaozhou, monks are monks.

Buddhism talks about selflessness, nobody, and sentient beings, so the name with a secular surname is a phase. And in general, all monks take Shi as their surname. That is, if you have become a monk, there will be no nostalgia for the common family name. It is the first lesson in letting go of ego.

However, Buddhism refers to the Dharma name as an honorific title: such as Master Yinguang, Monk Jingkong, Master Xuecheng, or such and such an elder or great virtue. When facing the old master, you should only address him as "elder", or "mage", or "old monk" or "old mage", and never address him with his name.