How is the last name decided? What is the difference between surnames

How is the surname determined, the surname, the surname born by the woman, in ancient times, that is, 7,000 years ago, the matrilineal society produced the surname, only the mother, not the father, a surname represents a blood tribal group. Five thousand years ago, it developed into a patrilineal society, knowing both his mother and his father, and using some ancient surnames, but people with status such as Emperor Yan was born in Jiangshui surnamed Jiang, Yellow Emperor was born in Jishui surnamed Ji, and Shunsheng Yaoxu surnamed Yao. The surname is next to the female character, and the surname without the female character is not the surname but the first name.

Three thousand years ago, the history of the Zhou Dynasty, that is, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, created a series of changes, with 198 clans derived from the surname Ji and more than 40 clans derived from the surname Jiang. How is the surname determined, with the name of the country, by the official position, by the name, by the character, by the occupation, by the place of residence, and by the name of the feud. The surname Zhang is the fifth son of the Yellow Emperor, Qingyang Shenghua, for the bow is positive, the view of the lonely star, the first bow and arrow, the main worship of Zhang Xing, because of the surname Zhang.

Bow and arrows are made, and the longbow is zhang. Liu's surname is based on Yi. According to the General Journal.

Clan slightly. According to the legend that after the ancient Tao Tang clan, the descendants of Liu (in present-day Tang County, Hebei Province) lived because of the clan.

In ancient times, surnames were established to prevent close relatives from marrying, and now they are also encouraged to refrain from marrying.

As for this, there are actually rules:

1.With Guo as the surname: Yang, Chen, Huang, Zhou, Wu, Xu.

2.Surnames with titles: Wang, Sun, Hou, Gongsun.

3.Surnames by official names: Sima, Situ, Qian, Yin.

4.Surnames based on place names: Shangguan, Xiang, Ximen, Nangong.

5.Take the nickname as the surname: Ding, Wen, Wu, Hui, Miao.

6.Take the ancestral name as the surname: Xuanyuan, You, Shi, Zang.

7.The surname is based on the name of the tribe, mainly the ancient minority tribes: Murong, Yuchi, Nian, Dugu.

This should be related to the Three Emperors and Five Emperors.

The difference between surnames is: different origins, different meanings, and different uses.

1. Different origins: There is a big difference between the origin of the surname and the surname, the surname originated in the matriarchal clan society of ancient times in China, its history is much older than the clan, and the early surnames are all next to the female character. Whereas a surname slowly evolves from a surname, and its history is much shorter than a surname.

2. Different meanings: surnames are usually used to distinguish blood relations, when two people have the same surname, it means that they come from the same family and have a certain blood relationship. The clan represents which branch of a family a person belongs to, and through the clan, you can find your ancestors more accurately.

3. Different use: surnames are also very different in the use of surnames, taking ancient women as an example, ancient women have the custom of following their husband's surname, but women only change their names, and the surnames they use all their lives are the same, using their father's name before marriage, and changing it to their husband's name after marriage.

The surname is in the bloodline, and the surname is in the status.

After the confluence of the Warring States surnames, the clan basically died out. Take modern times as an example, such as blacksmith Zhang, if this skill is passed down from generation to generation, the blacksmith will become the Zhang family's clan - the blacksmith's clan, and similar items include Shennong's Xuanyuan clan, etc.; Another example is Nanyang Liu, if this fief is passed down from generation to generation, Nanyang will become the Liu family's clan - Nanyang clan, similar items include Gaoyang clan, Kunwu clan, etc.; Another example is the county magistrate Ma, if this official position is passed down from generation to generation, the county magistrate will become the clan of the Ma family - the county magistrate's clan, and the same items include the Zhurong clan and the Sima clan.

The pre-Qin class was clearly distinguished, and the people were divided into countrymen and savages. The savages live outside the city, either because their ancestors are unknown, or because they are the descendants of their sins. Being despised as a person with no surname and no name is equivalent to scolding people now as wild breeds and mongrels.

In addition, in ancient times, the clan was first, the surname was last, and the first name was in the middle. For example, Confucius is the surname of Confucius, and the name is Zhongni. But at first, no one would call him Confucius, it should be called Kong Zhongni, Kong Qiuzi.

Because the reputation is not obvious, it is well known, and it is not clear what Confucius refers to. For example, when you talk about Chinese Liu now, you don't know which surname Liu is talking about, but if you talk about Chinese Mao, you basically know who you are talking about. Similar to Su Daji, Su Shiji's surname, and Mingda.

But if you talk about the name Su Ji, it's hard for people to think that they are talking about Su Daji.

First, the time of origin is different.

1.The surname, which originated from the matrilineal clan period, represents the matrilineal lineage. In matrilineal societies, people live in groups because of blood relations, each tribe has its own totem, and people take the totem as their surname in order to distinguish people from different tribes.

At this time, people did not have the concept of marriage, and there was no monogamous constraint, and men and women could be together if they liked. A woman is with a man, and when she gives birth to a child, she lives with her mother, but her mother does not know her father. Therefore, the child follows the mother's surname.

2.Clan, which arose during the period of patrilineal clan communes, is the mark of a patrilineal clan or tribe. The clan is derived from the surname.

In a patrilineal society, when the number of people in the tribe increased, some people moved out for the convenience of management. These tribes gradually developed some branches, and these branches, in order to distinguish themselves from each other, created clans.

Second, the concept of meaning is different.

1.The surname is the difference between blood, the fundamental family name of the clan, and what it represents is the bloodline of the clan. People with the same surname are all derived from the same female ancestor and are related by the same blood.

It is also a sign of a matrilineal society, a group of people who are related to the same blood. Most of the earliest surnames in China are next to female characters, such as Jiang, Yao, Ji, Fei, Ying, etc.

2.The clan is a branch of the surname and a branch mark of the surname family. The clan is a symbol of the ancestor of the Kai clan who was separated from the same paternal ancestor, and it is also the name of a large clan, tribe, and tribal alliance.

Third, the function is different.

1.The surname is unified, that is, there is no hierarchical difference between the surname family itself, although there is a branch of the clan, but there is no smaller surname family.

2.Clan, at the beginning, represents the clan branches, distinguishing descendants, and clans can be multi-level. A large clan may include a number of small clans from which it is differentiated. Later, the biggest role of the clan was to "distinguish between the noble and the low", and the common people did not have a clan.

Difference Between Last Name and Last Name:

1. The specific meaning is different. The surname is the basic family name of the clan, which represents the bloodline of the clan and is a symbol common to the clans with common blood relations derived from the same female ancestor. Clan is a branch of the surname, is a branch mark of the surname, and the clan is derived from the same patriarchal ancestor of the branch (concubine) of the first ancestor of the open clan, the symbol of the symbol is the name of the big clan, tribe, tribal alliance.

2. Differences in use. The surname is the same, the name ** is more diverse, such as Yi for the clan, to the clan for the clan, to the official for the clan, etc., the same family can be because of the Yi for the clan, or the official position of the patriarch for the clan, at that time there were often life clans, other clans and other situations.

3. Specialization differences. The surname is unified, that is, there is no hierarchical distinction between the surname family itself, although there are clan branches, but there is no smaller surname family. Whereas it can be multi-layered. A large clan may include a number of small clans from which it is differentiated.

1. Scope of coverage.

The surname generally refers to the "surname", and the first name can refer to the "first name" or "surname + first name", that is, the first name can include the surname, but the surname does not include the first name.

2. Continuation.

After the surname is generated, it is passed down from generation to generation, and generally does not change, which is relatively stable; If the name refers to the "name", it is generally the title of the person and will not be passed on, and the descendants will generally avoid the name of the elders.

3. Possession of objects.

Ordinary people have surnames, things don't have surnames, things only have names.

4. The number of words is different.

Han Chinese surnames generally have only two word counts, single and double; However, the number of names will be more, as long as the total number of "surname + name" is less than 6 Chinese characters, so the number of words in the name can be as many as 5.

surname"with"given name"are two terms used to identify an individual's name, and the specific meanings are as follows:

1.surname:

A surname refers to a family name that is passed down from generation to generation in a person's family and is also known as a surname or surname. Surnames often reflect people's family background, blood ties, and cultural traditions. In most cultures, the surname is usually placed at the very end of an individual's name, indicating the lineage of ancestors.

For example, in English, surnames are often called:"last name"because it appears after the given name.

2.given name:

A name is an individual name used to uniquely identify a person, also known as a first name or first name. A given name is usually given by a parent or guardian at or after the birth of an infant wheel. Names can reflect parents' preferences, family traditions, religious beliefs, and the practice of writing and turning the wheel.

In some cultures, an individual's first name is placed first and the surname is placed last.

It is important to note that different cultures and regions may have differences in the order and rules of individual names. Some cultures may use the order of naming with the last name first and the first name last, while others have the opposite. Therefore, when it comes to knowing the names of a particular individual, it is best to understand the order of the surname and first name according to the local cultural customs and naming rules.

Hope the above explanation helps!

Referring to the surname and surname, it is a symbol used to indicate the family from which an individual is born. The surname is also commonly used to refer to the name, and Liu Xian's "Wenxin Carving Dragon, Zhuzi" of the Southern Dynasty said: "Only the elite is special, then Bingyao is written, Teng's surname, hanging the sun and the moon." ”

In the past, surnames were divided into two, with men called first names and pregnant women (women) called their last names. So don't be noble and cheap, the noble have a clan, and the cheap have a name without a clan. The surname is not married, so there is a difference between the same surname and different surname.

Those with different surnames can be married; If the surname is different, the marriage is not possible (the same surname is one family in the world, so the same surname is not married). Three generations later, the surnames are one, and they all look forward to the noble and the lowly because of the marriage.

A surname is a sign and symbol that indicates a person's family kinship.

As we all know, the current surname is located in the top few of the hundred surnames, in the long history of thousands of years, has never declined, in addition to China since ancient times has "China's five major surnames", Wang, Li, Zhang, Liu, Chen. Among them, the surname Wang is the first surname in China, there are about 100 million people with the surname Wang in the world, although Wang is not a surname in ancient times, but originated in ancient times, in ancient times, the King of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty had a prince named Jin, and was later abolished by the King of Ling, Jin and his family from the royal family members became, ordinary people, in order to commemorate their previous royal identity, they took "Wang" as their family name. Surnames first originated from the name of the tribe or the name of the tribal leader.

Its function is mainly to facilitate the identification of the descendants of different clans in the tribe and to facilitate intermarriage between different clans. Therefore, the birth of surnames marks the transition from group marriage to blood marriage, and is an important milestone in the progress of human civilization. After the surname is generated, it is passed down from generation to generation, generally does not change, and is relatively stable, while the clan changes with the change of feudal and official positions, because there will be several descendants of a person or two generations of different clans of father and son.

A surname, along with a person's first name, makes up a person's name.

Those with round surnames will be self-explanatory; The clan shall not be divided among its descendants. ”

Since ancient times, Chinese descendants have taken the surname as a symbol of family continuity.

A surname is a family name, and a clan is a branch of a surname. Since the Qin and Han dynasties, surnames have been combined.

Studying the culture of surnames, recognizing ancestors, and seeking roots is the cohesion and bond of the unity and prosperity of the Chinese nation. When a nation is in danger, if the nation wants to survive, it must join hands and fight together, which requires the whole nation to identify with the ancestors and the consciousness of "being born from the same root", and then produce a cohesive effect. The surname is used as a specific symbol to distinguish the clan, and it was originally classified according to the matrilineal lineage, tracing the origin, that is, the name of the tribe or the name of the tribal leader, for example, the famous surname in ancient China had eight surnames

Ji, Yao, Fei, Ji, Jiang, Ying, Yao, Fei.

With the development of social productive forces, the same surname is getting bigger and bigger, and the branches of "clan" are derived, and the matrilineal clan system transitions to the patrilineal clan system, and the clan system is gradually replaced by the class social system.

2. The emergence of the clan.

The emergence of the clan records the footsteps of human history into the class society, the clan name is more diverse, such as the Yi for the clan, the clan for the clan, the official for the clan, etc., the same family can be because of the Yi for the clan, can also be the official position of the patriarch for the clan, at that time there were often life clans, other clans and other situations. To sum up, behind every surname, there is a long history and extremely rich stories, modern surnames have their own ancestors, as for whether they are famous, it is not necessarily, but thousands of years of history has become precipitation dust, and it is no longer meaningful to over-investigate the ancestors, but these constitute China's brilliant and colorful civilization.