Who knows when the dinosaurs went extinct?

Dinosaurs first appeared in the Triassic period about 240 million years ago and died out in the Cretaceous period about 65 million years ago during the late Cretaceous mass extinction event of the Mesozoic Era. The dinosaurs eventually became extinct 63 million years ago, in the Tertiary Paleocene, the Cenozoic Era.

It is known that dinosaurs ruled three geological epochs for a total of 165 million years. However, during the Triassic and early Jurassic periods, dinosaurs still did not become a very powerful species, almost completely dominating the entire evolutionary process of animals. By the end of the Jurassic period, very large sauropods had become the largest creatures ever on Earth.

The end of the Jurassic period was the peak of their domination of the earth, and they far surpassed other creatures of the same period in terms of diversity, intelligence, and size. How did the most legendary species in the history of the earth come to be, and how did it rise? Before the appearance of dinosaurs, lizard-type species had appeared on the earth, and although they were not as large as dinosaurs, they had a certain advantage over other animals at that time.

Paleontologists believe they were the prototypes of the dinosaurs that came later. Lizards appeared in several geological epochs before the Triassic – the Carboniferous period (100 million to 100 million years ago). In that time appeared what is believed to be the world's first reptile :

West Lothian lizard. By the Permian period, a geological epoch before the dinosaurs, reptiles were becoming more diverse and closer in shape to those of the earliest dinosaurs. The Permian was a relatively arid era, and deserts were common.

During the same era, lizards living in groups like the Ichirasaurus and Heterodontosaurus were active in desert oases. During the Late Permian, there were two distinct trends in the evolution of life, both of which had profound implications for the history of the Earth. One of these trends is called dinosaurs, and the other is called mammals.

Just as Earth's evolution was in full swing, an asteroid larger than the meteorite that ended the age of dinosaurs 65 million years ago hit Earth at the end of the Permian period. The impact caused the extinction of most species, but it also served as a catalyst for the emergence of dinosaurs. During the Permian period, the real dinosaurs were about to make their official debut.

One of the earliest dinosaurs to appear, the Black Reisaurus was small and agile, quickly becoming a big winner in the survival game. By the end of the Permian, the Cavinosaurus appeared, the prototype of many carnivorous dinosaurs and birds. Soon in the Jurassic period, the early Jurassic herbivorous dinosaurs began to evolve in size, and the advantage of size could help them escape the pursuit of carnivorous dinosaurs.

Hence the emergence of sauropod dinosaurs; The huge sauropod class pushed dinosaur evolution to its highest peak. Another reason for the emergence of large sauropod dinosaurs is the climate, according to geological records, the late Jurassic period was warm and humid, and dinosaurs could grow to more than 30 meters long. In addition, carnivorous dinosaurs have also become larger, more aggressive and threatening; For example, Allosaurus in North America.

In addition, very special dinosaurs, such as the feathered Chinese dragon bird, began to embark on the path of bird evolution. Under the influence of climate and living conditions, the end of the Jurassic period was the heyday of the Dinosaur Age.

The extinction of the non-avian Zhizhipei dinosaurs was probably from the end of the Cretaceous to the beginning of the Tertiary (about 65.5 million years ago to 64.5 million years ago), while other ancient bird subclasses and evening birds also became extinct during this time period. Therefore, it can be concluded that the extinction of non-avian dinosaurs was about 65 million years ago.

When an asteroid collided with the Earth 100 million years ago, it was a fragile period for the dinosaur ecosystem, and the dinosaurs went extinct after living for hundreds of millions of years due to the great changes in the environment caused by the asteroid collision.

Dinosaurs were diverse dominant terrestrial vertebrates that appeared in the Mesozoic. The word "dinosaur" is a translation of the English dinosauria or "terrifying lizard" by biologists, not the "dragon" in traditional Chinese culture. Dinosaurs dominated the world's terrestrial ecosystems for more than 160 million years.

Dinosaurs first appeared in the Late Triassic 230 million years ago and emerged from the mass extinction, which occurred at the end of the Cretaceous period about 65 million years ago, during the Late Cretaceous period. The Archaeopteryx fossil found in 1861 is very similar to the Eugenesaurus fossil, except that the Archaeopteryx fossil has traces of feathers, suggesting that the bird may have been descended from dinosaurs.

Since the 70s of the 20th century, many studies have pointed out that modern birds are most likely direct descendants of theropod dinosaurs. Most scientists regard birds as the only dinosaurs that have survived to this day, while a few even argue that they should be grouped within the same class.

Crocodiles are modern relatives of another group of dinosaurs, but they are more closely related to dinosaurs than birds. Dinosaurs, birds, and crocodiles all belong to the main clade of reptiles, which first appeared in the late Permian and became the dominant amphibian group in the middle Triassic.

Dinosaurs (excluding birds) were the dominant group of land-dwelling reptiles, with their limbs erect under their bodies rather than spread out on either side. Many prehistoric reptiles are often informally identified as dinosaurs, such as pterosaurs, ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs, cangosaurs, and disodontosaurs (heterodontosaurs and gyaloptyls), but from a scientific point of view, these are not dinosaurs.

The dinosaurs became extinct 65 million years ago. Humans were born 5 million years ago. That is to say, 60 million years after the extinction of the dinosaurs, human beings were born, and humans were differentiated from the animal kingdom, and taxonomically, homo sapiens belong to the subphylum Vertebrates, Mammalia, Primates, Anthropoids, and Homo.

About 4.5 million years ago, humans and apes began to diverge, giving rise to Australopithecus ramanacus, which later evolved from Australopithecus australopithecus 2 million years ago, and then further developed into modern humans. Regarding the development process of human beings, it is generally divided into four stages: 1. The early ape-man stage.

It lived about 3 million to 1.5 million years ago, and already possessed the basic characteristics of human beings, such as being able to walk upright and make simple gravel stone tools. 2. Late ape-man stage. About 2 million to 300,000 years ago, the body is like a man, the brain is larger, can make more advanced paleolithic tools, and began to use fire, such as the Beijing ape man in Zhoukoudian, Beijing, China.

3. Early Homo sapiens (hominid) stage. Between 100,000 and 200,000 to 50,000 years ago, it gradually broke away from the characteristics of apes and was very close to modern humans, such as Neanderthals in Germany. 4. Late Homo sapiens (newcomer) stage.

About 4-50,000 years ago, the evolution of human beings at this time showed a significant acceleration, and the morphology was very similar to that of modern humans, and culturally, there were already the art of carving and painting, and ornaments appeared. For example, in 1933, the cave man on the top of Zhoukoudian Keel Mountain was discovered. At this time, primitive religions had already arisen and had entered a matriarchal society.

In the late Homo sapiens stage, modern humans began to differentiate and form, and spread throughout the world.