In the Battle of Salhu, the Ming army was defeated by the division of troops, what was the correct w

In ancient times, the correct way to divide and attack must be to use the army properly. If you want to catch the enemy off guard, you must be prepared to innovate and have something more novel to surprise the opponent.

Ancient warfare is an extremely esoteric science. Generally, the combined attack will generally understand the strength and combat effectiveness of the opposite side, and if it can be defeated very easily, then it will be combined with the attack, and the division is generally used for sneak attacks, so that the enemy is caught off guard.

Ancient warfare emphasized strategy and stratagem, and attacking separately and jointly was one of the tactics commonly used in ancient times. In the Battle of Salhu, the Ming army was defeated because of this strategy, and the main reason for the defeat was that the Ming army did not cooperate enough.

In my opinion, the correct way of dividing and attacking in ancient wars was to adapt measures to the conditions of the time and local conditions, and we could not always follow what the military book said, but should formulate separate and combined attacks according to the actual situation of the war, so as to win the war.

In fact, tactics are like cold weapons such as bows, knives, guns and hammers, some are suitable for long-range attacks, and some are suitable for close combat.

<> "Speaking of the Battle of Salhu in the Ming Dynasty, everyone knows that this battle was a very important turning point for the Ming Dynasty. After all, the war with Houjin has always existed. Although the Ming Dynasty had a great advantage in military strength, what I didn't expect was that the final result was still lost.

As for the reason for the number, some people believe that it is due to the division of troops. So is this the case at all? In fact, the reason for Mingjun's defeat was not caused by the division of troops.

And you must know that in ancient wars, the division of troops was a very common and useful means of marching. At that time, the Ming Dynasty had the advantage of troops, and the division of troops to attack was indeed a very suitable and effective way to attack, if one side could win, wouldn't the other side be able to attack better.

As for the reason for the defeat of Ming Jun, it was actually because after the Ming army was divided, the command on both sides was a little unsatisfactory. After all, the conductor played a very important role. Dividing troops is a correct way, but it is foolish to divide the advantage of troops into the disadvantage of troops.

However, the reason for the failure of the Battle of Salhu is that the military strength of the Ming army has indeed declined too much.

There is no way to fight with someone else at all. Therefore, the failure of this battle was not caused by the division of troops, but because of the Ming army itself. If the Ming army was on the defensive at that time, Houjin would definitely not be able to help the Ming army.

And if it drags on to the end, Houjin will definitely be dragged down, and in the end he will directly lose the battle.

It had a great impact on the time, because the Ming army was defeated in this war, and then it led to a lot of people living in poverty, and they really lived in great pain, and then it led to an economic setback in the Ming Dynasty for many years.

At that time, it was the victory of the Later Jin Dynasty, and the defeat of the Ming Dynasty, and it was also because of this war that there was a turning point, and the Ming Dynasty had a great passivity, which accelerated the demise of the Ming Dynasty, made people's lives particularly bad, and caused internal trauma.

It had a particularly serious impact and was a very critical battle, which led to the loss of a large area of territory in the Ming Dynasty, a particularly serious tax, a particularly serious domestic conflict, and the loss of many elite soldiers.

It affected the strength of the Ming Dynasty, the contradictions of the Ming Dynasty, the relationship between the people and the imperial court, and the people no longer trusted the emperor, which also affected the Qing Dynasty.

The corruption of the army caused major trauma to the Ming Dynasty, which laid the foundation for the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, and also affected the military strategy, so that the society began to become stable.

It had a very far-reaching impact, affecting the pattern of the time, affecting the situation at that time, and having a great impact on military, economic, and social stability.

<> "The Battle of Sarhu to Defeat the Ming Army."

In Chinese history, the last dynasty was called the Qing Dynasty. However, the name "Qing" was changed later, and his previous name was "Houjin". In the last years of the Ming Dynasty, the Later Jin Dynasty was a small country founded by the Jurchen people, and there was no comparison with the huge and wealthy Ming Dynasty.

However, later, the Ming Dynasty sent troops to attack Houjin, but was completely defeated by Houjin in the Battle of Salhu.

1. Nurhachi defeated the Ming army.

In 1618, the king of the Later Jin Dynasty, Nurhachi, offended the Ming Dynasty, and the Ming Dynasty sent Yang Hao with an army to attack the capital of the Later Jin Dynasty, Hetuala, hoping to eliminate Nurhachi in one fell swoop. Yang Hao divided his troops into four parts, the first team was led by Ma Lin, the second team was led by Juniper, the third team was led by Li Rubai, and the fourth team was led by Liu Ling, attacking Hetuara from four directions, southeast, northwest, and northwest.

The Ming army attacked in four directions, but Nurhachi was not afraid at all, because he followed Li Yongfang's advice and had already made up his mind, no matter how many enemies came, he always gathered his troops together and destroyed the enemy all the way. Nurhachi mobilized all his troops together, and first fought a fierce battle with the Ming army led by Juniper at Sarhu Mountain. Nurhachi saw that Juniper was a man who could not lead troops, and knew that his opportunity had come.

Nurhachi tricked Juniper into a twist and turn, and defeated him with ease.

Then, Nurhachi defeated Marin and Liu Ling successively. At this time, Yang Hao knew that three of the four roads had been defeated, so he hurriedly ordered Li Rubai to retreat, and finally saved a quarter of the men. The Ming army attacked the capital of Houjin in four ways, but Nurhachi defeated the Ming army in only five days and won the victory of the "Battle of Sarhu".

2. The beautiful ancient battlefield of Salhu.

Salhu Ancient Battlefield", in the southeast of the East Dahuofang Reservoir in Fushun, Liaoning Province today, here is a beautiful scenic spot, there is a protruding mountain peak in this scenic spot, which is the famous mountain in history - Salhu Mountain. "Salhu" is a Manchu language, describing the forest on the mountain is very luxuriant, translated into Chinese is the meaning of "wooden cupboard", referring to the dense forest of this mountain, rich in products, Salhu City is named because it was built on Salhu Mountain.

The total area of Salhu is very large and is divided into eight scenic areas. Here the mountains are green, the water is blue, the caves are ancient, the stones are strange, there are not only the mountains with layers of mountains, but also the quiet and beautiful small villages.

3. Which ethnic minority is Nurhachi?

Nurhachi was a Jurchen, now Manchu. In the past, the Jurchens were one of the ethnic minorities that opposed the Song Dynasty, because the Jurchen Liang Chang regretted that he had established the Jin State and wanted to unify the Central Plains, but Jingzheng was eventually wiped out by the Mongols. In the era of Nurhachi, he inherited the ambitions of the former Jin State and established the Later Jin, laying a solid foundation for the Qing Dynasty to unify the whole country in the future.

The Battle of Salhu was a pivotal battle between the Ming Dynasty and the Later Jin, which ended with the complete victory of the Later Jin and the defeat of the Ming army. This fiasco was a turning point in the history of Ming and Qing wars, and it was also a very crucial war. After that, the Ming Dynasty began to fall into passivity, turning from strategic offensive to defensive, and most of the territory outside the pass was lost, leaving only a small number of strongholds.

At the same time, due to the huge military expenditure, the Ming Dynasty continued to increase taxes, intensified domestic contradictions, and caused the Ming Dynasty to encounter an unfavorable situation of internal and external troubles.

The Battle of Salhu broke out in 1619, the 47th year of Wanli. In 1618, Nurhachi took advantage of the fierce party rivalry and lax defense of the Ming Dynasty to decide to use troops against the Ming. After careful preparation, he swore against Ming with the "Seven Hatreds".

Due to the unpreparedness of the Ming Dynasty, many places were occupied one after another, which made the Myojinzong feel a huge threat.

So Mingshenzong decided to send troops to Liaodong and attack Houjin on a large scale. However, due to the lack of troops and money in the northeast, after more than half a year of preparation, 200,000 elites from all over the country were gathered, plus Yehebu and North Korean troops, claiming to be 470,000 to launch an attack on Liaodong.

Due to the lack of money in the imperial court, it was impossible to keep so many troops exhausted, so the imperial court repeatedly urged Yang Hao to launch an attack. So Yang Hao sat in Shenyang and ordered his troops to encircle and suppress Houjin in four ways.

However, before the Ming army set off, it was detected by Nurhachi. Therefore, Houjin made full preparations and adopted the operational policy of "depending on how many ways you come, I will only go all the way" to concentrate troops and break through one by one.

When he found that the lone Juniper army on the left was deep, Nurhachi took the lead in eyeing him, concentrating the forces of the Eight Banners to meet the Juniper army. As a result, I didn't expect that the First World War would go on, and the Western Route Army would be wiped out. The commander-in-chief of the Western Route Army, Du Song, the commander-in-chief of Baoding, Wang Xuan, and the former commander-in-chief Zhao Menglin, were all killed in the battle.

After Nurhachi defeated the Juniper army, he met the Marin army non-stop. The two armies fought, the Ming army was defeated and retreated, and the general soldier Ma Lin only led a few people to flee.

Due to the rugged mountain roads and difficult movements, the Eastern Route Army led by Liu Wei did not hear any unfavorable news of the war in the process of advancing, so they blindly continued to advance, and as a result, they were ambushed.

And Yang Hao sat in Shenyang, mastered a mobile force, did not make any response to the three-way Ming army, and the notification of Li Rubai's department was not timely, as a result, Li Rubai's department, which was already slow, was chased by the Eight Banners, fled in panic, and trampled on each other.

In the battle of Salhu, the four-way army attacked mightily, and the results were more and more embarrassing than the other.

It caused a lot of losses at that time, and the military strength also changed, especially the rule of the Ming Dynasty, which caused a very serious ** situation and heavy taxes.

It affected the development of the Ming Dynasty, brought heavy blows to the Ming Dynasty, affected the military strength of the Ming Dynasty, caused the Ming Dynasty to suffer great losses, and also reduced the rule of the Ming Dynasty, these are the effects of the Battle of Salhu on the Ming Dynasty.

The main reason is that Yang Ho started the war without knowing the terrain, weather, and some conditions of the other party.

In fact, Yang Hao's strategy is right, Hetuara is deep in the mountains, and it is not suitable to form a team when the 200,000 army marches, because the scale is too large, and the mountain road is very difficult to walk, and it is impossible to have a favorable formation when it is ambushed, so it can only be divided into four roads. Yang Ho meant at that time that it was best for these four armies to converge at the same time in the city of Hetuala, and then the Ming army would concentrate its forces to attack Hetuara with all its might. Even if the Houjin army ambushes the Ming army halfway, there will only be one or two teams lost, and the Ming army will still have two more troops marching into Hetuala, and it will not be a problem to pull out an empty city at that time.

Unexpectedly, Yang Hao was wrong, the battle time was early spring, the northeast was still cold weather, these Ming soldiers from the pass were extremely uncomfortable, their morale was low, the road was difficult to walk, and the time of departure of the four-way army was also inconsistent, resulting in a disunity in strategic thinking, and the sudden attack of the Jin army also caught the Ming army off guard. In addition, he was in Shenyang again, and he could not understand the battle situation at the first time, so he made mistakes again and again, so that he woke up like a dream after Ma Lin, Juniper and Liu Wei died or fled, and Li Rubai, who sent troops from Liaoyang to attack Hetuala, also fled without a fight after hearing the news of the annihilation of the three-way army.

First, the Ming army was claimed to be 470,000, but there was none, only 120,000 Second, the Ming army was divided into four routes, and the strength was insufficient.

Third, the commander Yang Ho had a problem with his strategy, and in the winter the troops would attack when they were still in position, and the generals of the four routes would not lead the troops.

Fourth, there is a huge problem with weapons and equipment, many soldiers have no armor and their knives are not sharp.

In the Battle of Sarhu, the dispersion of the Ming army was the main reason for its defeat.

The Battle of Salhu was in February and March of 1619 (the 47th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty and the 4th year of the Later Jin Mandate), in the war between the Ming Dynasty and the Later Jin, Nurhachi defeated the Ming army in the counterattack of the Ming army in the vicinity of Salhu (now near the Dahuofang Reservoir in the east of Fushun, Liaoning), and was a strategic decisive battle in the war between the Ming Dynasty and the Later Jin Liaodong.

In this battle, the Houjin army used the policy of concentrating troops and breaking through each in the operational command, and broke the Ming army within 5 days, annihilating about 50,000 people of the Ming army, and capturing a large number of military supplies, and the battle ended in the defeat of the Ming army.

Historian Xiao Yishan has the most objective and incisive evaluation of this battle.

Xiao Yishan: "Looking at this battle, the number of soldiers of the Ming Dynasty is actually more than that of the Jin army, but the whole army is divided into four roads, which is bound to be weak; And Juniper crossed the Hunhe River lightly, and the two divisions of troops were the biggest reason for the defeat of the Master. If Nurhachi does not judge the enemy's situation and divides his forces to resist the enemy, the number of victories and defeats is still unknown.

Knowing the wisdom of decision-making, concentrate all efforts to the west; The aid of the realm domain, not from the public opinion, can be used to win the present; This is also the biggest reason for the victory of the golden soldiers. Gai Ming's guns and gunpowder, Jin Shi has no such sharp weapon; If you don't encircle with horses and horses, and use the strength of the enemy, then in the smoke, it is not comparable to the arrows and stones. Nurhachi is to use the Ming, and he is to overcome it, so he wins.

This battle is called the Battle of Salhu, and the Battle of Songshan between Emperor Taiji Chongde in the future. ”