Excuse me! How lightning is formed! 5

The air flow in the thunderstorm cloud will produce static electricity due to the friction and decomposition of water molecules, one is positive electricity, the other is negative electricity, when these opposite charges meet, it will produce a neutralization effect, and the intense charge neutralization will emit a large amount of light and heat, and these emitted light will form lightning.

The collision of clouds with clouds is formed by friction.

Before the 18th century, ancient China believed that thunder and lightning were thunder gongs? Manufactured by electric mothers? Westerners believe that thunder and lightning are the result of God's wrath and are used by God to punish those who do bad deeds?

So people always have a fear of thunder and lightning? Some people of insight who do not believe in God try to explain the cause of thunder and lightning?

The first to explore the mystery of thunder and lightning was the American scientist Franklin? He used a kite experiment to prove that the electricity in the sky is the same as the electricity on the earth, and that "lightning is an electric spark".But to this day, scientists still haven't fully figured out how lightning is generated.

In order to unravel the mystery of lightning, scientists put balloons into thunder clouds for detection; send planes to fly around and even through thunder clouds; Triggering lightning with rockets, etc.? But through these activities, the knowledge of thunder and lightning is still insignificant?

Scientists have found that in most cases, lightning clouds are more than 3,000 meters thick to produce lightning? The upper part of the cloud tends to be positively charged, and the bottom of the cloud is negatively charged?

When the electric field between the positive and negative charges is strong enough, it breaks through the air and produces lightning? Generally speaking, the thicker the clouds, the more intense the thunder and lightning? Lightning.

The cause of lightning is that the electric field strength can reach several thousand volt centimeters on average, and up to 10,000 volt centimeters in local areas. The electric field is strong enough to penetrate the atmosphere inside and outside the clouds, so that dazzling flashes of light are triggered between the clouds and the ground, or between different parts of the clouds and between different cloud masses.

This is what is often referred to as lightning.

A lightning bolt seen with the naked eye, the process is very complicated. When a thundercloud moves somewhere, the middle and lower part of the cloud is a strong negative charge center, and the underlying surface opposite the cloud base becomes a positive charge center, forming a strong electric field between the cloud base and the ground. When the charge accumulates more and more and the electric field becomes stronger and stronger, a section of air column that is strongly ionized in the atmosphere first appears at the base of the cloud, which is called a cascade pilot.

A lightning process lasts about a second, in this short time, a huge amount of electrical energy will be released on the narrow lightning channel, thus forming a strong **, generating a shock wave, and then forming a sound wave to spread around, which is thunder or "thunder".

Lightning is formed by the flow of air in thunderclouds due to the friction and decomposition of water molecules to produce static electricity, which is divided into two types, one is positive electricity with positively charged particles, and the other is negative electricity with negatively charged particles. Positive and negative charges attract each other, just like magnets. When these opposite-sex charges meet, a neutralizing effect (discharge) occurs.

Intense charge neutralization emits a large amount of light and heat, and these emitted light forms lightning.

Lightning is a pulsed discharge in the atmosphere. A lightning bolt consists of multiple discharge pulses, all of which have short intermittent times of only a few hundredths of a second. One pulse after the other, the subsequent pulses follow the channel of the first pulse.

It has now been studied that each discharge pulse consists of a "pilot" and a "backlash".

After the first pulse discharge is completed, a second pulse discharge occurs only after a very short interval (four hundredths of a second). The second pulse also starts with the pilot and ends with the return shot. However, since "the ice has broken and the route has been opened" after the first pulse is discharged, the pilot of the second pulse is no longer descending step by step, but directly from the cloud to the ground.

This type of pilot is called a "direct pilot".

After the direct channeling pilot reaches the ground, after about a few thousandths of a second, the second counterattack occurs, and the second pulse discharge process is ended. This was followed by a third and fourth ......Direct channeling pilot and return to complete the process of multiple pulse discharge. Since each pulse discharge consumes a large amount of the accumulated charge in the thundercloud, the subsequent main discharge process becomes weaker and weaker, until the charge reserve in the thundercloud is exhausted, and the pulse discharge can be stopped, thus ending a lightning process.

Lightning is a strong discharge between clouds, between clouds and ground, and between parts of the cloud.

Storm clouds usually produce electric charges, with yin electricity at the bottom and yang electricity at the top, and also a positive charge on the ground, which follows the clouds like a shadow. Positive and negative charges attract each other, but air is not a good conductor. Positive charges run toward trees, hills, the tops of tall buildings, and even on top of the human body, in an attempt to meet negatively charged clouds; The negatively charged branch-like antennae extend downwards and get closer to the ground as they go downward.

Finally, the positive and negative charges finally overcome the air barrier and connect. A huge electric current surged from the ground to the clouds along a conductive airway, producing a bright and dazzling flash.

A cumulonimbus cloud is a type of cloud that forms during a strong vertical convection. Because the ground absorbs much more radiant heat from the sun than the air layer, so the ground temperature rises more during the day, and this warming is more obvious in summer, and the temperature of the atmosphere near the ground also rises due to heat conduction and heat radiation, and the gas temperature rises inevitably, and the density decreases, and the pressure also decreases, according to the principle of mechanics, it will rise, and the density of the air layer above is relatively large, and it will sink. During the uplift, the hot air expands and lowers the pressure, and at the same time exchanges heat with the high-altitude and low-temperature air, so the water vapor in the rising air mass condenses and fog droplets appear, forming clouds.

During strong convection, the fog droplets in the clouds further cool down and become supercooled water droplets, ice crystals, or snowflakes, which gradually increase with altitude. During the formation of cumulonimbus clouds, positive and negative charges accumulate in different parts of the cloud under the simultaneous action of the atmospheric electric field, the electrostatic effect of temperature difference and the electroelectric effect of fragmentation. When the charge accumulates to a certain extent, it will discharge between clouds or between clouds and ground, which is commonly referred to as "lightning".

Lightning 15 days long, youthful wealth, any face and composite face.

Ask your girlfriend how she discharged to you!

I don't know, but my classmates do.

Causes of the formation of lightning.

In thunderstorm clouds, air currents generate static electricity due to the friction and decomposition of water molecules. There are two types of electricity. One is the positive charge with the positively charged particles, and the other is the negative charge with the negatively charged particles.

Positive and negative charges attract each other, like magnets. The positive charge is at the upper end of the cloud, and the negative charge attracts the positive charge on the ground at the lower end of the cloud. The air between the clouds and the ground is both an insulator that prevents the current of the charge at the poles from passing through.

When the charge in the thundercloud and the charge on the ground become strong enough, the two parts of the charge will break through the air barrier and come into contact to form a strong current, and the positive charge and the negative charge will come into contact. When these opposite-sex charges meet, a neutralizing effect (discharge) occurs. Intense charge neutralization emits a large amount of light and heat, and these emitted light forms lightning.

Most lightning bolts are connected twice. The first time it is called a pilot flash, it is an invisible air called a leader, and it goes down to the place close to the ground. This stream of live air acts like a wire, creating a path for the second current.

The moment the lead approaches the ground, a reconnect current jumps up along the path, and the flash produced by the reconnect is what we normally see as lightning.

The cause of thunder.

It is now known that when the charge is neutralized, a large amount of light and heat is emitted, and a large amount of heat is released in an instant, which heats the surrounding air to a high temperature of 30,000 degrees Celsius. When a strong electric current passes through the air, it causes the air along the way to expand suddenly, and at the same time pushes the surrounding air, causing the air to vibrate violently, and the sound produced at this time is [thunder].(Don't forget to tell your little one that thunder and lightning happen at the same time, because the speed of light is much faster than the speed of sound, so we always see lightning before we hear it.)

If lightning strikes closely, we hear a deafening rumble. If lightning falls far away, we hear the rumbling of thunder. This is because of the echoes emitted by sound waves when they are refracted by the atmosphere and reflected by objects on the ground.

Necessary conditions for the occurrence of lightning.

1.The air should be very humid;

2.The clouds must be very large;

Areas with dry weather are generally less prone to thunder and lightning.

The process of lightning.

If we add a very high voltage between the two electrodes and bring them closer together. When two electrodes are brought close to each other, an electric spark occurs between them, which is known as "arc discharge".

Lightning is a natural discharge phenomenon. In summer, there are many clouds in the high sky that are constantly moving, and the clouds move staggered, rubbing against each other, generating a large number of electric charges and forming an electric field. Since the same kind of charges are repulsed, the positive and negative charges are concentrated at the ends of the cloud.

When the electricity carried by cumulus clouds reaches a certain level, it will pass through the air and discharge, neutralizing the two charges and producing sparks, which is called thunder. Because the resistance of the air is uneven, the shape of the electric advance is mostly zigzag, forming a band of light like a tree branch, which is called lightning. And the sound that the air vibrates due to the discharge is thunder.

Matter made up of any atom can theoretically produce lightning because it contains electrons.

It's too complicated upstairs!

In fact, it is clouds with different electrodes, colliding, forming!