What are the pest control techniques during wheat sowing?

Pest and disease control during wheat sowing period.

1.Remove weeds from the fields before autumn sowing: destroy the activity sites and habitats of gray planthoppers, grasshoppers and crickets, and reduce the incidence of insect pests and wheat bush dwarf diseases.

2.Crop rotation or deep ploughing: Plots with heavy wheat total erosion and sheath blight should be rotated with non-host crops such as cotton, vegetables, and sweet potatoes for 2-3 years. In villages with conditions, a deep ploughing can be carried out on plots with a depth of 20-25 cm for more than 3 years of continuous rotary tillage.

The above measures can effectively reduce the occurrence of wheat total erosion and sheath blight.

3.Wheat fields with total erosion, smut and black embryo disease shall not be reserved for seed use when excellent varieties of disease resistance and disease resistance occur.

4.Late sowing and suitable sowing amount: sowing around October 10 can reduce the infection time of pathogens, reduce the occurrence of total erosion, root rot and sheath blight, and adopt the method of planting disease-free fields first and diseased fields later; The sowing rate is suitable, which can improve the population structure and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.

5.Increase the application of organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and zinc-manganese micro-fertilizer: In recent years, the temperature after wheat sowing is high, and the demand for nitrogen fertilizer in the plots where straw is returned to the field is large, so the fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer should be increased in an appropriate amount; Increase the application of organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and micro fertilizer to promote the development of wheat roots, cultivate strong seedlings, and improve the ability to resist disease and stress.

Overview: Prevention and control methods:

1) Select disease-resistant varieties and select disease-resistant and high-yield varieties, such as stripe rust-resistant No. 30, No. 31 and No. 29 varieties, and make a reasonable layout of rust-resistant varieties.

2) Eliminate the local early source of wheat stripe rust from the beginning of the autumn seedlings to the epidemic in the spring of the next year, after a long period of spotting, when the disease center is obviously easy to check, the diseased leaves can be removed as soon as possible, buried deeply, and sprayed with pesticides in the surrounding rice wheat seedlings.

3) Strengthen cultivation managementIn areas where autumn seedlings are prone to disease, early sowing should be avoided; Reasonable fertilization, avoid too late application of nitrogen fertilizer, and appropriately increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to promote the growth and development of wheat and improve disease resistance.

(4) Pesticide control in wheat jointing to heading stage, when the diseased leaf rate reaches L, the first spray should be sprayed, and then sprayed once every 7 10 days. The agent can be selected with 20 powdered rust Ning emulsifiable concentrate 30 50 ml per square meter.

5) 15 Rust rather wettable powder 53 66 grams per square meter, or Supoli wettable powder 15 30 grams per square meter, or 25 pestin emulsifiable concentrate 50 grams per square meter, 50 60 kg of foliar spray on water.

The first is agricultural measures. Clean the countryside. Do a good job of weeding and eradication before sowing, thoroughly remove weeds in the fields and at the edge of the ground, and burn them in a concentrated manner, so as to destroy the habitats of gray planthoppers, soil locusts, crickets, etc.

Eliminate its breeding ground and reduce the base number of insect sources. Late sowing at the right time. For wheat total erosion disease, root rot, sheath blight and other fields with heavy occurrences, the implementation of late sowing of wheat at the appropriate date can effectively reduce the infection and occurrence of diseases.

Sowing as late as possible within the appropriate period to reduce the damage of soil locusts and crickets, shorten the infection time of pathogens, and control and reduce the incidence of disease before winter. It can also effectively avoid the peak period when poisonous insects (gray planthoppers, aphids) transmit bush dwarf disease and yellow dwarf disease. Crop rotation and stubble.

Plots with heavy occurrence of total erosion and sheath blight can be rotated with non-host crops such as cotton, vegetables, and sweet potatoes for 2-3 years in places with conditions, which can effectively control their occurrence. Choose good breeds. Rational layout and promotion of resistant varieties can effectively prevent the occurrence of epidemic pests and diseases.

Selected improved varieties are an effective means to control the spread of malignant weeds and reduce the number of weed provenances.

The second is chemical control. Total erosion of wheat. Dichloroisocyanuric acid was selected for soil disinfection, and 500 grams of chemicals per mu were mixed with 20 kg of fine soil and evenly sprinkled.

Then use 200-300 ml of siliothiazin suspension agent to 1000 ml of water, mix 100 kg of wheat seeds, stir evenly and stuff for 3 hours; Or use 6% tebuconazole suspension seed coating agent, according to the effective ingredient of the seed amount) after 6 hours of seed dressing, dry and sow seeds. Wheat smut, stripe rust, powdery mildew, sheath blight, root rot, stem base rot. Mainly use 10 billion Bacillus subtilis 50 grams or 100 billion Bacillus subtilis 20-30 grams mixed with 15 kg of wheat seeds, implement green prevention and control, and effectively solve the harm of sheath blight and root rot.

Conventional chemical agent 30 ml of difenoconazole suspension seed coating agent 100-150 ml of water, 10-15 kg of wheat seeds, stir evenly and pile for 3 hours, dry and sow seeds; Or use 60 ml of 6% tebuconazole suspension seed coating agent to 2000 ml of water, mix 100 kg of wheat seeds, pile for 6 hours, dry and sow seeds.

Finally, there are underground pests, aphids. To control underground pests, choose 200 ml of 50% phoxanthion EC, 5000 ml of water, mix 100 kg of wheat seeds, stir evenly and stuff for 2-3 hours, sow after drying, and pay attention to the amount of medicine (preparation) shall not exceed the weight of the seeds, so as not to affect germination; Or use 3-4 kg of 3% phoxanthion granules, evenly sprinkle and then turn over the ground to sow seeds. To control aphids in the seedling stage before winter, the use of imidacloprid seed dressing or coating technology can effectively reduce the occurrence of aphids and delay the occurrence of aphids, which is a scientific measure to move the prevention and control threshold forward and ensure the zero growth of pesticides.

Use 50-70 grams of 70% imidacloprid dispersible granules to 500 ml of water, mix 20 25 kg of wheat seeds, stir evenly, absorb and dry before sowing. Mixed pest and disease areas. In the mixed pest and disease area, the above insecticides and fungicides can be mixed according to the types of pests and diseases to achieve the effect of "one mix and multiple prevention".

Operation rules: mix the insecticide first, and then mix the fungicide after the seeds are dried; Mix the emulsion first, and then mix the powder after it is absorbed and dried. The seed dressing should be used with mixing, and should not be put for a long time.

Pesticides. Because when wheat is sown, spraying pesticides on the soil can effectively control pests and diseases.

The first thing is to choose varieties with strong resistance to pests and diseases, and the second is to spray drugs to control them.

When wheat is planted, it is necessary to spray pesticides first, and then spray pesticides after planting, and spray pesticides on time according to the growth status of wheat.

It is necessary to turn the soil in advance, to fertilize in time, to pay attention to the density of planting, to ventilate in time, and to control the intensity of light.

Pests and diseases in the sowing period of wheat can be prevented, first of all, in the growing period of wheat should be actively watered and fertilized, pay attention to field management. Timely weeding and correct use of pesticides.

The first thing is to choose varieties with strong resistance to pests and diseases, and the second is to spray drugs to control pests and diseases, which is a good way.

Remove weeds in the field in time, reduce the source of bacteria, choose high-quality seeds, and apply fertilizer regularly, which can be used to kill insects and prevent diseases by dividing some agents.

Diseases and pests during wheat sowing can seriously affect yields, which is something we all know, and if you want to prevent pests and diseases during wheat sowing, you canStart with the optimization of the soilBecause we all know that wheat crops have very strict requirements for the soil, and the vitality of the soil also plays a very key role in the cultivation of wheat.

Timely rotation of the land can keep the wheat yield stable, and at the same time, there are very strict requirements for the selection of wheat varieties, we must keep up with the development of the times, choose wheat that adapts to the local climatic conditions, and can better improve the germination rate of wheat.

At the same time, we need to pay attention to the selection of seeds before a preliminary screening, if the planting amount is too large, you can take a trial to solve this problem, I hope everyone can know this, at the same time we should also understand a problem, that is, no matter what crops are needed to water and top dressing, so we need to pay attention to the use of fertilizer for wheat, must be in strict accordance with scientific standards, only in this way can we better improve the yield, Let's have a good harvest.

The prevention and control of wheat pests and diseases also has a lot of measures, in practice should be a comprehensive use of agricultural physics and biology and other ways, multi-pronged approach can better avoid the worsening of the problem, as little as possible to use pesticides to make wheat grow more, green health is more beneficial to the human body, I hope everyone can know this, at the same time in the context of China's rapid social and economic development, we also believe that there will be more and more scientists to devote themselves to the research of wheat planting, We also believe that our crop yield will also reach a new high, so let's look forward to it.

Doing a good job in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests during the sowing period of wheat is an important guarantee to ensure that the wheat seedlings are complete and strong and to win a bumper harvest in the coming year, and can play a role in controlling a variety of wheat diseases and pests with half the effort.

The soil can be sterilized and dewormed before wheat sowing, and some pest prevention drugs can be sprinkled in the soil, so that the wheat can be prevented from pests and diseases.

It is necessary to do wheat management regularly, do pastoral management in the near future, water and fertilize regularly, and spray some pest control agents according to the growth stage of wheat.

In the process of planting, we should pay attention to the time of fertilization, and spray a certain amount of pesticides to prevent pests and diseases.

If there are more insect pests in wheat plants, chlorpyrifos perchlorine emulsifiable concentrate and avi high chlorine spray can be used to prevent and control them, and attention should be paid to after 10 o'clock in the morning or 4 o'clock in the afternoon when there is no wind, at this time, red spiders are mostly active in the foliars, which can improve the control effect, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can also be added when spraying, which can improve the control effect, improve the ability of wheat to resist the spring cold, and prune the branches and leaves of diseases and insects.

Common diseases in wheat cultivation.

Wheat scab:Wheat seedlings can be damaged from heading, at first there are water-soaked spots on the glume shell, gradually expand to the whole spikelet, and then wither, if the air humidity is high, the pink colloidal mold layer will be produced at the lesion, and the blue-black small particles will grow in the later stage.

Wheat powdery mildew critically:The aboveground part of wheat will be infected, but it mainly harms the leaves and leaf sheaths, and the glume shell will also be infected, at the beginning there will be white mildew spots on the leaf surface, and then gradually expand into nearly circular mildew, the mildew is covered with a layer of white powder, and the wind blows and immediately scatters.

Wheat sheath blight:Small pale yellow spots appear on the leaf sheath near the surface, the stem node at the base of the severely diseased plant rots, the diseased seedling dies, and the cloud-like lesions will also appear at the base of the stem after the wheat jointing, and the lesions will fuse to form eye spots, resulting in the death of the diseased plants, and the formation of white ears of dead plants.

Cultivating small pies shouting wheat is the main pest.

Wheat aphids:Wheat aphid is a common insect pest, also known as greasy worm or honey worm, belongs to the order Homoptera insects, larvae concentrated in the stem, leaf, ear and other parts of wheat, sucking the sap of the part, affecting the photosynthesis of the leaves, resulting in a decrease in yield, serious can cause more than 30% loss.

Wheat sucking worm:Wheat sucker is also one of the common pests of wheat, devastating, in wheat growing countries will have this pest, wheat sucking wheat juice at the filling stage, resulting in empty shells, and even lead to wheat harvest in severe cases.

Wheat pest control.

1. Drought-resistant wateringDrought is conducive to the occurrence and reproduction of red spiders, and if the wheat is dry, it can be combined with drought resistance, moderate watering, so that the red spider falls into the water, and it will die.

2. Pharmaceutical prevention and controlIf there are more insect pests in wheat plants, chlorpyrifos perchlorine emulsifiable concentrate and avi high chlorine spray can be used to prevent and control them, and attention should be paid to the prevention and control after 10 o'clock in the morning or 4 o'clock in the afternoon.

After the emergence of wheat, it will generally be harmed by the main underground pests of mole crickets, grubs and needleworms. Among them, mole crickets can bite the young stems of wheat seedlings into a messy shape, and the fracture is not neat; The grub can bite off the rhizome of the wheat seedling, and the fracture is neat; The needleworm feeds on the tender heart of the wheat stem, and the victim part is a messy high-temperature compost: all kinds of organic fertilizers are composted at high temperature and fully decomposed as base fertilizer, which can prevent the occurrence of underground pests such as grubs.

Using ammonia or ammonia bicarbonate as base fertilizer can kill and kill a large number of underground pests such as grubs, needleworms, and root bugs.

When the damage is light, insecticides can be used to control the local ridge irrigation in the affected area. When the damage is severe, combined with watering and applying pesticides in the whole field, the amount of pesticides applied in the whole field must be increased, usually 8 10 times the amount of spraying. The main thing is to destroy the roots and stems of crops.

Underground pests also have a relatively regular living habits, some will not only harm crops underground, but also go to the ground at night, and will also cause some damage to the stems and leaves of wheat and other crops.

Mole crickets can also fill the surface of the soil with tunnels because of their habit of crawling in the soil, which can cause the newly sown wheat seeds and seedlings to be overhead or hanging roots, either unable to germinate or die due to water loss. After the wheat seedlings are damaged, it will lead to the lack of seedlings and broken ridges, and in serious cases, it will cause the seedlings to be destroyed and replanted. Therefore, it is rare to see a wide range of underground pests that harm crops and seedlings.

Underground pests such as grubs, golden worms, and mole crickets that are often said on the Internet are rarely found in a large area in our local area, and of course these underground pests are also available, but they are generally not a threat to the growth of crops.

Among them, mole crickets are the most in my rural hometown in Gansu Province, the size of this underground pest is relatively large, and the roots of wheat can be bitten off directly, followed by grubs, and needleworms drill the tender heart of wheat roots, with penetrating damage. Underground pests can use drugs such as trichlorfon or phosphine, but when using these drugs, they must be diluted with water, diluted with 500 times the solution, and diluted with 1,000 to 1,500 times the solution for spraying irrigation, and the pests will be irrigated.