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During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the social power of merchants was clearly prominent among all social classes, and the most concentrated manifestation was that they began to have their own formal groups, guild halls.
The guild hall is a place established by fellow villagers in the guest area for the villagers to gather and lodge. Guilds appeared very early, but they were not called guilds, nor were they formed by merchants. Its occurrence has a lot to do with the imperial examination system.
The imperial examination was a system for selecting civil and military officials in feudal China. Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty began to set up the Jinshi Branch, and in the Tang Dynasty, outside the Jinshi Branch, the Xiucai, the Ming Law, the Ming Book, and the Ming Calculation Department were replaced. By the time of the Ming and Qing dynasties, the imperial examination system was more rigorous and complete, and every "year of the Great Competition", there were civil and military scholars from all over the country who entered the provincial capital or the capital to take the examination.
The construction of the hall, so it will be returned to the **, or the goods are stored in Si, or the guests live in Si, which is an indispensable place for merchants to operate and trade. ”
To sum up, the establishment of the guild hall is to enable the people of the same country to have a place to live in doing business outside, and at the same time, the people of the same country gather together to connect feelings, enhance friendship, better unite and assist, and do business together. As the saying goes, "When people gather, wealth gathers," the ultimate purpose of building a guild hall is to serve a good business.
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What were the benefits of building a clan hall in ancient times? There are benefits such as meeting friends, gathering business, discussing business transactions, and information exchange.
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Guild hall is a feudal group composed of fellow villagers or peers in the city during the Ming and Qing dynasties in China, which was established in the early Ming Dynasty, and the earliest known guild hall is built in the Yongle period of Beijing Wuhu guild hall, the ancient guild hall can be divided into a trial hall, a commercial hall, and a fellow villager immigrant hall, and the following He Lu is a brief introduction to the three:
Most of the guild halls in Beijing are mainly places where fellow bureaucrats, gentry and imperial examination scholars live and gather, so they are also called trial halls; Most of the guild halls located in Suzhou, Hankou, Shanghai and other industrial and commercial cities in Yingying City, with industrial and commercial people and gangs as the main body, have become the commercial associations in Chan Town; Most of the guild halls located in Sichuan were established by the Hakka who moved from Shaanxi, Huguang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong and other provinces after the Qing Dynasty, and they were called fellow immigrant guilds.
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Guild hall was a feudal group composed of fellow villagers or peers in the city during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Founded in the early Ming Dynasty, the earliest guild hall was built in the Yongle period of Beijing Wuhu guild hall. The Jiajing and Wanli periods tended to flourish, and the middle of the Qing Dynasty was the most.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the emergence of a large number of industrial and commercial guilds played a certain role in protecting the interests of industrial and commercial people under certain conditions.
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The establishment of the guild is mainly to protect the interests of fellow villagers, and its initiators are not only businessmen, and the content of its activities is not limited to business, of course, its role is different due to the nature of the guild. Regarding the establishment and initiation of the association, there are the following circumstances:
It was formed purely by businessmen. These guilds were established by merchants to protect the commercial interests of the local or local trade. As far as the Beijing area is concerned, the early guild halls were built for people who went to Beijing to apply for the examination, and the initiators were generally built by bureaucrats in Beijing who raised funds for their hometowns, and had little to do with the interests of the merchants themselves.
In other cities outside of Beijing, the construction of guild halls was relatively late, and it was founded by merchants from the beginning.
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To sum up, the establishment of the guild hall is to enable the people of the same country to have a habitable place to do business outside, and at the same time, the people of the same country gather together to contact the feelings, enhance friendship, better unite and assist, and do business together. As the saying goes, "When people gather, wealth also gathers," the ultimate purpose of building a guild hall is to do a good job in business and serve and promote.
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