How does European agriculture control pests and diseases?

On the one hand, the standard of imported products is not necessarily the standard implemented by the local government for self-sufficient products (this is a guess, not necessarily accurate).

In addition, I don't think they don't use pesticides, it's incredible, and no country can do it in the whole country, but first of all, a concept must be clear: the use of pesticides does not mean that the residue is exceeded, but one thing must be admitted that the level of drug use in these developed countries is much higher than that of China, which is unmatched by China, of course, it is related to national policies and the quality of planting practitioners. To put it mildly, the latter accounts for a greater weight (even some developed countries require that they must obtain qualifications to engage in certain aspects of work, even the application of pesticides is no exception, and it is forbidden for unqualified people to apply pesticides without permission), for example, the same agent may be very different in developed agricultural countries and rural China, some low-toxicity drugs have to be eliminated prematurely because of abuse, while Chinese farmers often blame the quality of the product, in fact, in addition to some inferior pesticides do exist, Abuse leads to drug resistance, which is the biggest mistake they make, and the fate of a good product is prematurely ruined, but they don't know it at all, so they have no choice but to use high-toxicity agents, or increase the dosage, and the amount of increase is staggering, and even leads to drug damage. It is a truth that people abuse antibiotics nowadays, resulting in a small inflammation and losing their lives.

Other aspects of medication involve many professional fields, so I will not repeat them.

Therefore, on the one hand, it may be the state's protection of its own agricultural products, and the other reason is the various drawbacks of China's agricultural drugs.

It is possible that they use ecological principles to control pests, such as introducing natural enemies of pests, such as cultivating a species of spider, which builds webs in farmland and catches pests.

The main pests and diseases of Lige begonia are powdery mildew and gray mold. With a relative humidity of 80% to 90% and a temperature of 18 to 20, powdery mildew is prone to outbreaks. In addition, ventilation conditions such as low plant spacing and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer can also cause powdery mildew.

The main symptom is the appearance of scattered white mold spots on the affected area, which gradually expands, and finally joins into a piece, and the leaves turn yellow and fall off. For prevention, 400 600 times of 60% zinc dyssen wettable powder can be sprayed every 10 days or so. If it is a pre-existing condition, it needs to be carried out with 15% powder-rust 1000 2000 times solution or Tobuzin 1000 times solution**.

When gray mold occurs, water-soaked lesions will appear on the stems of Begonia ligonia, and then gradually expand and become soft rot, and the plant will lodging. The humidity of the growing environment is too high, and the plants are placed too densely, which can easily cause the occurrence of gray mold. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to ventilation and avoid excessive humidity to prevent the occurrence of gray mold.

If the disease occurs, it is sprayed once every 10 days with 70% methyl tobuzin 1500 times, 50% dysenium 800 1000 times, and dubaumesite sulfur mixture.

Cultivation and control methods: choose disease-resistant and insect-resistant varieties; Choose pure, vigorous and suitable strains of bacterial age; Select high-quality culture materials, and the formula should be appropriate; The sterilization of the culture material should be thorough; Raw material cultivation species, culture material high-temperature fermentation treatment; Aseptic inoculation; Seed production and cultivation sites and their surrounding environment should be hygienic to eliminate disease sources and insect sources; Create suitable environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity and ventilation, so that the environment is conducive to the growth and development of edible fungi and is not conducive to the development and spread of pests and diseases; In the cultivation process, once pests and diseases are found, measures should be taken in time to prevent them from spreading and so on.

The experience of Jiangxi green agriculture in the pest control of European golden-leaved poplar is introduced as follows:

1. Mulberry Cow.

1. Hazards: Adults eat the bark and leaves of young branches; The larvae feed under the skin and xylem of the branches, and there is no feces in the tunnel, and they bury 1 ventilated fecal debris hole at a certain distance, and a large amount of feces is discharged, weakening the tree, and the heavy ones die.

2. Prevention and control methods:

The first is manual killing. Taking advantage of the weak flight power and feigned death characteristics of adults, they can be vigorously captured manually. According to the habit of laying eggs by biting and carving the horn beetle, find the egg-laying groove and kill the eggs with a hard object.

Inspect the trunk frequently, and when fresh feces are found, gently pick open the cortex with a knife to pick and kill the hatchling larvae. Prune the damaged branches in time, cut down dead or wind-broken trees, and renew senescent trees so that they have no suitable spawning grounds.

Second, according to the phototaxis of the adult beetle, black light trapping, frequency vibration insecticidal lamp trapping and mulberry plant trapping can be set up. Whitening the trunk in winter can also reduce the occurrence of mulberry beetle.

The third is drug injection prevention. Use 50 300 times of dichlorvos stock solution mixed with diesel fuel at 1 20 and inject fresh fecal holes, or use cotton dipping medicine to plug deep into the worm holes to kill the larvae of longhorn beetles; Or insert one end of the poison swab into the worm channel, break the poison stick, and seal other cavities with wet soil.

Second, Yang Fan Boat Moth.

1. Harm: larvae are harmful between spring and summer. The larvae take the leaves of the golden-leaved poplar and eat up the leaves when it is severe, affecting the growth of the trees. 1 The 2nd instar larvae only eat the lower epidermis of the leaves, leaving the upper epidermis and leaf veins; After the second instar, it spins silk and embellishes the leaves, forming large insect buds, which hide in them during the day and feed at night; After the third instar, the whole leaf can be eaten up, and only the petiole remains.

2. Prevention and control methods:

One is to pinch the leaf buds by hand to crush the larvae to death, or remove the insect leaf buds and burn them.

The second is to collect the fallen leaves and weeds under the damaged plants in winter or early spring, and accumulate fertilizer or burn them. Search for overwintering pupae in the cracks of tree bark, in tree cavities, and in crevices of buildings.

Third, the larvae can be sprayed with 20% imidacloprid 800 1 000 times solution, or sprayed with more than 100 million spores ML BT.

Fourth, in the adult stage, dichlorvos can be used to intubate smoke in large areas of woodland, or light trapping.

3. Aspen moth.

1. Hazards:

It is a pest of the branches of poplar seedlings and young trees. After the terminal bud is damaged, it withers and droops, inhibiting the growth of the terminal bud. At the beginning of the invasion of the tree trunk, the pest first eats around the trunk between the tree essence and the phloem of the tree, forming a nodulous gall.

2. Prevention and control methods:

The first is to pay attention to strict inspection in spring, and cut the seedlings with galls for centralized processing. In autumn, the main trunk and side branches of 1 2-year-old poplar seedlings were inspected, and the galls were cut off and burned intensively.

The second is to apply 50% pine borer and 50% phosphine to water ratio 1 1 in early May and late July, dip the medicine with hairy shabu, and coat a ring-shaped medicine belt above the wormhole or gall, with a width of 8 10cm; 7 In August, 30 40 times of 40 times of dimethoate, 50% pine borer, and 60% dimacus mixture were used to dip the worm holes, and the dosage was appropriate to discharge air bubbles.

Certainly, farmland ecosystems are affected by artificiality, and a large number of consumers, especially herbivores, die after spraying, affecting the food chain.

It's hard to say, but there are different diseases in specific places. For example, in Hunan, where I live now, the weather is really special, and now I am still wearing winter clothes, and the temperature is a bit low. Such temperatures are not very favorable for the development of insects in summer, at least their development time will be relatively prolonged.

I don't see any reports about it at the moment.

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This is very true, this is the case in Henan, there will be several diseases of wheat. Such as aphids, powdery mildew...

Dear, hello, this is mainly to prevent underground, aboveground, fungal infections, etc., above-ground vegetable insects we generally use, cypermethrin, the use of high-efficiency cyhalothrin water emulsion, about 50 ml per acre. (Try not to use it during pollination), for the prevention of underground tigers, mole crickets and the like, we use phosphine, when you use chemical fertilizer, stir phosphine in the chemical fertilizer.

For fungal infections, we mainly use carbendazim and chlorothalonil for prevention. This method of use, generally chlorothalonil, with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, after the end of flowering, when fruiting, we use this. Chlorothalonil potassium dihydrogen phosphate plays a role in preventing fungi.

Questions. How to control and control those pests and diseases in the pepper seedling stage and eggplant seedling stage, thank you.

In addition, carbendazim is used for root irrigation, and in the rainy season, it is mainly used for root irrigation, prevention of root rot, etc.

There are mainly tea yellow mites, eggplant yellow spot borer, etc., ask questions.

What drugs are used to prevent and treat it.

The same can be done with high-efficiency chlorofluorocyanide polyester, which can also ** these insects above.