What time did the Tao Te Ching circulate to Europe

1. In the Tang Dynasty, Master Xuanzang.

On the Tao Te Ching

Translated into Sanskrit, it spread to India and other countries.

2. Since the 16th century, the Tao Te Ching has spread to Europe and has been translated into Latin, French, German, English, Japanese, etc.

Tao Te Ching is a book written by Lao Tzu in the Spring and Autumn Period of our country, and he has had an unparalleled impact on China and even the world. It has been revered by the thinkers of all dynasties. Lao Tzu's moral shouting is the first in traditional culture, which is equivalent to the Bible in the West, guiding the birth of other ideas and the development of the country.

Therefore, the influence of the Tao Te Ching on traditional culture is that the traditional culture develops in accordance with the context of the Tao Te Ching, and the Tao Te Ching is the head of the traditional culture. <>

1. The relationship between the tree and the rootIn my opinion, if the traditional culture is compared to a strong and prosperous tree, then the Tao Te Ching is the root system of the tree and the source of all nutrients. Why? Because each school will use the Tao Te Ching as a reference and be influenced by the ideas of the Tao Te Ching.

Traditional Chinese medicine practitioners will use the Tao Te Ching as the highest level of health preservation books, among which the Yellow Emperor's Neijing expounds the relationship between man and heaven and earth. The pre-Qin Zhuzi Hundred Schools of Thought were also influenced by the ideas of the Tao Te Ching. Among them, there are 19 times in the Zhuangzi book that only quotes Laozi's text.

2. Lao Tzu mastered the essence of thoughtLao Tzu sorted out and read all the books in the library at that time during the Zhou Dynasty, systematically mastered the essence of Taoist thought, and comprehended a set of basic laws of nature, society and human development. Become a thinker and philosopher whose realm of thought is very otherworldly. Therefore, Lao Tzu's thought deeply influenced the hundred schools of thought in the Spring and Autumn Period.

In Confucianism and Taoism, Lao Tzu Du Zheng or You is revered as the originator-like figure. Confucius once asked Lao Tzu many times and was deeply impressed by Lao Tzu's thoughts. Not only that, Lao Tzu's ideas have also deeply influenced foreign cultures, so that traditional Chinese culture can flourish for a long time.

3. Leading the world civilization To sum up, regarding the influence of the Tao Te Ching on traditional Chinese culture, it can be said that because of the existence of the Tao Te Ching, Chinese traditional culture has a long history. After the reform and opening up, only by regaining the excellent traditional Chinese culture can we build a strong self-confidence of the Chinese nation and bring a happy and beautiful life to the people.

A book published by a foreign language publishing house in 2013.

Tao Te Ching, the philosophical works of Lao Tzu (Li Er) in the Spring and Autumn Period, also known as "Tao Te Ching", "Lao Tzu", "Five Thousand Words", "Lao Tzu Five Thousand Texts", is a work before the separation of the sons of the pre-Qin Dynasty in ancient China, and is an important ** of Taoist philosophical thought. The Tao Te Ching is divided into two parts, the original text of the first part of the "Book of Virtues", the next part of the "Book of Virtues", not divided into chapters, and later changed to "The Book of Virtues" 37 chapters in front, after the 38th chapter is the "Book of Virtues", and is divided into 81 chapters.

The text of the Tao Te Ching takes the philosophical meaning of "morality" as the outline, discusses self-cultivation, governing the country, using soldiers, and maintaining health, and mostly takes politics as the purpose, which is the so-called "inner sage and outer king" of the study, which is profound and extensive, and is known as the king of all classics.

Value influence: The content of the Tao Te Ching covers many disciplines such as philosophy, ethics, political science, and military science, and is respected by later generations as a treasure book for governing the country, uniting the family, cultivating oneself, and learning. It has had a profound impact on Chinese philosophy, science, politics, religion, etc., and reflects a world outlook and outlook on life of ancient Chinese.

The pre-Qin sons and the cultural ideas of the Chinese were not uninfluenced by Lao Tzu, and were praised as the king of all scriptures by the Chinese ancestors.

The influence of the Tao Te Ching is also multifaceted, including politics, culture, science, religion, and so on. According to the incomplete statistics of the Yuan Dynasty, since the pre-Qin Dynasty, there were more than 3,000 kinds of old works by the Yuan Dynasty, and there were no less than 1,000 representative ones, which illustrated the great influence of the Tao Te Ching from the side.

It was first translated into Sanskrit by Tang Xuanzang in the Tang Dynasty and spread to India, in ten.

In the 4th and 15th centuries it was introduced to Europe...

At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Matteo Ricci and his successor missionaries brought it to Europe, it seems.

Not showing the edge is said to be deeply hidden, and it does not mean that it is passive and avoidance.

Lao Tzu is very positive, and there are many ways to govern the country in the Tao Te Ching.

Lao Tzu's ideas are so vast and profound, but as he said, very few people understand them, and no one in power can apply them to governing the country. Therefore, it is strange to write a Tao Te Ching when Lao Tzu is retiring. Even Lao Tzu of Wuche Dao also hopes that someone will agree with him, and he also hopes that there will be rulers who can use his learning to do nothing.

As for what is said in the history books, Yin Xi forced Lao Tzu to write it, and it is unknown whether he wrote the book because of this. But in any case, we are grateful to God for passing down this book.

Lao Tzu out of Yin Xi forced him to write, but also the legend of the only 5000 words left for posterity, most of the people who had the Tao did not set up articles, so most of them were dictated by words, and the Tao Te Ching was also circulated in two environments (words and words dictated), Qin Shi Huang burned books and pit Confucianism, and destroyed many valuable documents and classics before, and the Tao Te Ching can be handed down, one: It is a miracle, do you believe it or not, anyway, I believe it; Second, the Tao Te Ching is a treasure, someone can recite it, pass it on to future generations, and then form a text, so that it can be passed down from generation to generation, hehehe.

In order to let the world know that there is still this kind of thinking in this world, Lao Tzu had to sacrifice his reputation and record his thoughts.

Besides, you also said that it is "easy" to impart ideas, which is a very important thing.

It was Guan Ling Yin Xi who asked him to write it, and then Yin Xi also got the Tao.

Because according to records, Lao Tzu is the first philosopher in China, and the Tao Te Ching he left behind is deeply ingrained in the minds of Chinese, and until now, there are many scholars to study it and influence people's thoughts and culture, so many people worship him, and foreigners are also influenced by his thoughts.

Chinese culture is broad and profound, "Tao Te Ching" is the pre-Qin period of Taoism founder Lao Tzu left us descendants of the holy scriptures, is a treasure of culture, is the treasure of governing the country and the family self-cultivation, not only self-cultivation but also epiphany of life and nature. Studying the Tao Te Ching can allow future generations to absorb more wisdom and wisdom, and better lay the foundation for the spread of Chinese culture.

Because the Tao Te Ching is a part of Chinese culture, its role is very large, and people have different inspirations after reading it.

Of course, because these cultures are attractive enough to allow people to have a better environment and a richer life, it is also necessary to read the Tao Te Ching, which is very helpful to life.

Because the Tao Te Ching is a great work, it can tell people a lot of truths, and it conveys the wisdom of life.

Because this book explains Chinese culture very well, and makes many Chinese people and even foreigners understand the subtleties of Chinese culture.

Regarding the number of translations of the Tao Te Ching, Paul Lin said in the preface to Lao Tzu: The English Translation of the Tao Te Ching and Wang Bi's Notes that there are as many as seventy or eighty English translations; And at least there is one translation for every language in the world. According to Zhan Wenxi's translation of "The Way of Lao Tzu":

The Tao Te Ching has been translated into English forty-four times. In particular, in the last twenty years (counting back to 1963), a new translation has been published almost every other year, and half of these translations have been published in the United States. "Since 1963, especially after the publication of the first and second editions of the Mawangdui Han Tomb Silk Book Laozi, there has been a boom in Laozi studies and oriental culture studies overseas.

According to relevant information, Westerners began to come into contact with Lao Tzu in the nineteenth century. The first translation was a French version, published in Paris in 1842 by Stanislas Julien, under the title Lao Tzu Tao Te Ching. For the sake of information, it is not possible to describe the causes of its translation and its post-publication dissemination and impact.

Nearly thirty years later, the first German translation of the Tao Te Ching was published in Leipzig in 1870 by Victor Strauss. In 1884, the first English translation was published in London by Ballfer, under the title Book of the Tao.

Subsequently, until the first two decades of the twentieth century, numerous translations appeared: in 1891 Oxford published a translation of James Lee's Book of the Tao; In 1898, Chicago published a translation of Paul Carus's Tao Te Ching; In 1904, Walter Galth Sr.'s translation of Lao Tzu was published, and it was reprinted several times since; In 1905, Giles's Collected Sayings of Lao Tzu was published, and until 1922, the translation was reprinted as many as five times; In 1921, the Wei Lixian translation of the Tao Te Ching of Lao Tzu was published. The large number of appearances and reprints of the Lao Tzu translation reflects the wide circulation of Lao Tzu in the West.

Among the many translations, Arthur Welly's English translation of Tao and De and Its Place in Chinese Thought, published in London in 1934, is the most important. His translation takes Wang Bi's book as the base of the translation, and at the same time refers to a number of annotated versions, and attaches his own research and interpretation; The translation is simple and fluent, and the understanding of the original text is relatively accurate.

The Tao Te Ching has been translated into more than 70 languages, more than 500 editions, and spread to more than 120 countries. (Britain, the United States, and Germany are the most).