When to stain the glass and how to stain the glass

Tinted glass belongs to the special glass category, also known as heat-absorbing glass, which can usually block about 50% of sunlight radiation. For example, 6 mm thick blue glass can only transmit 50% of solar radiation, and brown and bronze heat-absorbing glass can only transmit 25% of sunlight. (1) Heat-absorbing glass is suitable for building doors, windows or exterior walls in hot areas that need both lighting and heat insulation.

However, the sunlight that can play a role in sterilization, disinfection, and odor removal in urban residential buildings will be blocked by half of these colored heat-absorbing glass, which is really worth the loss. (2) Some residents have installed screen windows, and their light transmittance is 70%, which is combined with colorless transparent ordinary glass, and the total light transmittance is about 61%, which is just right, but if it is equipped with colored heat-absorbing glass, its light transmittance is only 35%, which will definitely affect the indoor light requirements. (3) The balcony is also enclosed with colored heat-absorbing glass

1. When melting glass, a small amount of glass colorant is added to make all kinds of colored glass. Copper oxide or chromium oxide produces a green color; Cobalt oxide produces a blue color; Manganese dioxide produces a purple color; Tin dioxide or calcium fluoride produce a milky white color; Uranium compounds produce yellow-green fluorescence.

Colloidal selenium produces a ruby color; Colloidal gold produces red, reddish-purple, or blue; cuprous oxide produces red, green, or blue; ferrous compounds produce green color, and when the amount is large, it is black; Iron compounds produce a yellow color.

2. When making glass, due to the impurities of ferrous iron in the raw materials, the glass is often green, and a small amount of manganese dioxide or selenium can be added to make it a colorless glass.

3. Glass is formed by melting sand and other chemicals together (the main raw materials are: soda ash, limestone, quartz). It is a silicate non-metallic material that forms a continuous network structure during melting, and the viscosity gradually increases and hardens during the cooling process, resulting in its crystallization.

The chemical composition of ordinary glass is Na2O·CaO·6SiO2, and the main component is silicon dioxide, which is an amorphous solid with an irregular structure.

1. Ion coloring: It is a compound that adds cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and other transition elements to the frit, which exists in the glass in an ionic state, and is colored by the selective absorption of visible light due to the transition of their valence electrons between different energy levels (ground state and excited state), such as cobalt blue, manganese violet, nickel green and other color glass.

2. Compound colloidal particle coloring: It is to add sulfur or selenium compounds (such as CDS, CDSE, etc.) to the glass containing zinc (ZNO) to form CDO, ZNS, ZNSE, etc. in the glass, and then carry out two heat treatments below the annealing temperature to form CDS and CDSE and grow into larger colloidal particles, and color the glass due to light scattering, such as selenium red, cadmium yellow and other color glass.

3. Metallic colloidal particle coloring: It is to add oxides that are easy to decompose into metal states (such as gold, silver, copper and other oxides) to the glass raw materials, first dissolve in the glass in an ionic state, and then transform into an atomic state after heat treatment and aggregate and grow into colloidal particles, which are colored by the absorption of visible light caused by light scattering, such as golden red, copper red, silver yellow and other color glass.