The detailed history of the Western Mansion in the Old Summer Palace The more detailed the better

In order to pursue the fun of many aspects, the Qing Emperor also introduced a district of European-style garden architecture in the northern boundary of Changchun Garden, commonly known as "Western Building", which is composed of more than ten buildings and gardens, such as harmonious curiosity, line law bridge, ten thousand flower array, bird cage, square appearance, Haiyan Hall, Yuanying view, big water law, water view law, line law mountain and line law wall. Planning began in the 12th year of Qianlong (1747) and was basically completed in the 24th year (1759). It was designed and guided by Western missionary Tulang Shining, Jiang Youren, Wang Zhicheng, etc., and built by Chinese craftsmen.

The architectural form is the "Baroque" style of the late European Renaissance, and the garden form is the "Le Nôtre" style. However, in terms of gardening and architectural decoration, it has also absorbed many traditional techniques from our country.

The main body of the Western building is actually an artificial fountain, which is called the "water law". It is characterized by a large number, a large momentum, and a strange idea. It mainly forms three large fountain groups of Harmonious Wonder, Haiyan Hall and Dashui Law, which are quite interesting.

The ruins of the Western Mansion of the Old Summer Palace are a garden scenic area in the Yuanren Ming Garden Ruins Park, located on the north side of the Changchun Garden in the three gardens of the Old Summer Palace. In 1860, the Chinese and British and French forces burned down the Old Summer Palace, and only the building stones and ruins that could not be burned were left.

The whole landscape of the Western-style building covers an area of only 80 acres, accounting for about 10% of the total area of the Old Summer Palace, and the Western-style building includes the Huanghua Array, the Bird Cage, the Five Bamboo Pavilion, the Square Appearance, the Haiyan Hall, the Water Storage Building, the Yuanying View, the Great Water Law and other landscapes.

The remnant stone pillars we often see are a scene of Yuanying View and the Great Water Law. Due to the unique and incomplete beauty of Western architecture, Yu Xian has become the symbol of the Old Summer Palace.

The west front group western-style building scenic spot of the Old Summer Palace is the first European-style garden in China, which is composed of more than 10 Western-style buildings and courtyards, such as Harmonious Wonder, Ten Thousand Flowers Array, Bird Cage, Square Appearance, Haiyan Hall, Yuanying Temple, Dashui Law, Water Viewing Law, Line Law Najia Mountain, Line Law Painting, etc. The whole project was designed and supervised by the European missionary Li Xincha, and the Chinese craftsmen were responsible for the specific construction. In the heyday of the Western Building, the Qing Palace also produced a set of copper engravings with a total of 20 views of the façade of the building, which were drafted by the court painter Manchu Yilantai and carved by the craftsmen of the office.

1. The construction time of the Old Summer Palace: it was built in 1709 (the forty-eighth year of Kangxi), and was basically completed in 1809, which lasted a century, and then Jiaqing, Daoguang and Xianfeng three generations have been repeatedly repaired and expanded, which lasted more than 150 years.

2. Historical background: The Old Summer Palace was built on the site of a private garden of the Ming Dynasty given by Emperor Kangxi to the fourth son of Yinzhen, after Yinzhen ascended the throne as Emperor Yongzheng, it was expanded into the palace where the emperor lived for a long time, and it was expanded again during the Qianlong period, and was completed in the ninth year of Qianlong (1744). During the Qianlong Dynasty, it was the last prosperous period of China's feudal society, Qianlong gathered the skilled craftsmen of the whole country to expand and build the Old Summer Palace on an unprecedented scale, in addition to the partial addition, reconstruction and improvement of the famous "Forty Views of the Old Summer Palace", but also in the east of the new Changchun and other gardens.

To the 35th year of Qianlong (1770), the pattern of sail preparation and concealment of Yuanming, Changchun and Qichun three gardens was basically formed, the whole garden was 2620 meters wide from east to west, 1880 meters long from north to south, the total length of the periphery was about 11000 meters, and the Gongguo Hall covered an area of 350 hectares, of which the water surface was about 140 hectares. The Old Summer Palace is not only famous for its gardens, but also a royal museum, which is a rare cultural and artistic treasure house in the world at that time, showing the essence of China's ancient feudal culture, and at the same time collecting a variety of extremely rich books, cultural relics and art treasures.

1. The construction time of the Old Summer Palace: it was built in 1709 (the forty-eighth year of Kangxi), and was basically completed in 1809, which lasted a century, and then Jiaqing, Daoguang and Xianfeng three generations have been repeatedly repaired and expanded, which lasted more than 150 years.

2. Historical background: The Old Summer Palace was built on the site of a private garden of the Ming Dynasty given by Emperor Kangxi to the fourth son of Yinzhen, after Yinzhen ascended the throne as Emperor Yongzheng, it was expanded into the palace where the emperor lived for a long time, and it was expanded again during the Qianlong period, and was completed in the ninth year of Qianlong (1744). During the Qianlong Dynasty, it was the last prosperous period of China's feudal society, Qianlong gathered the skilled craftsmen of the whole country to expand and build the Old Summer Palace on an unprecedented scale, in addition to the partial addition, reconstruction and improvement of the famous "Forty Views of the Old Summer Palace", but also built Changchun and other gardens in the east.

To the 35th year of Qianlong (1770), the pattern of Yuanming, Changchun and Qichun three gardens was basically formed, the whole garden is 2620 meters wide from east to west, 1880 meters long from north to south, and the total length of the periphery is about 11000 meters, covering an area of 350 hectares, of which the water surface is about 140 hectares. The Old Summer Palace is not only famous for its gardens, but also a royal museum, which is a rare cultural and artistic treasure house in the world at that time, showing the essence of China's ancient feudal culture, and at the same time collecting a variety of extremely rich books, cultural relics and art treasures.