What is lightning and what principle is a lightning rod based on?

Lightning is a natural phenomenon. Lightning is a phenomenon of intense electrical discharge between clouds, between clouds and the ground, or between parts of the cloud.

Clouds with vigorous internal movement (storm clouds, cumulonimbus clouds) generate electric charges, which are similar to static electricity in human clothing and hair;

The charge will attract different kinds of charge (positive charge or negative charge) and neutralize each other, if the attracted charge cannot be neutralized with the original charge because of a layer of insulation, it will accumulate on both sides, and when the accumulation reaches a considerable extent, it will break down the insulation discharge (charge neutralization), and the phenomenon of breaking down the insulation discharge is lightning.

When lightning strikes between clouds and the earth, it is called lightning strike, lightning strike, and the electric current flowing through buildings, people, trees, power poles, etc., can cause great damage. The process is divided into two parts:

instantaneous high temperature caused by the current formed by the charge surging towards the lightning when the charge is neutralized, and the burst it brings;

After the charge is neutralized, the remaining concentrated charge at the lightning strike (the earth can produce more charge than the clouds, and the clouds are no longer charged after the neutralization is completed) will quickly spread to the earth, and the damage caused is often greater than that of the charge neutralization, which is called a secondary lightning strike. Secondary lightning strikes are the main cause of damage to buildings.

There are roughly two types of lightning protection functions of lightning rods:

Needle-shaped lightning rod. Its mechanism of action is as follows:

Reduce the number of terrestrial charge concentrations. There is only a small place where the charges that make the earth attracted to the clouds gather. Reduces the energy of lightning strikes;

By taking advantage of the characteristics of tip discharge, the charge attracted by the cloud layer of the earth is released (neutralized) at a slower rate, so as to avoid accumulation to the extent of violent discharge;

Even if a lightning strike occurs. The current is released through the metal conductor of the lightning rod to avoid damage to the building, i.e. the surrounding personnel and facilities.

Mesh lightning rods (lightning nets). Its mechanism of action is as follows:

The charge must be concentrated to a certain extent before it can be discharged, and the charge is always attracted to the closest position (high place, protrusion), while the lightning net pulls the potential of the high place to the same as the ground. In this way, from an electrical point of view, the potential of the tall building is the same as that of the ground (flat), so that the charge is concentrated in the closest position (high place, protrusion) and causes lightning strikes;

Even if a lightning strike occurs. The current is released through the metal conductors of the lightning protection net to avoid damage to the building, i.e., the surrounding personnel and facilities.

Lightning is a phenomenon of intense electrical discharge between clouds, between clouds and ground, or between parts of the cloud body (usually in cumulonimbus clouds). A lightning rod, also known as a lightning rod, is a device used to protect buildings from lightning strikes, etc. A metal rod is installed on the top of a tall building, connected with a metal wire and a metal plate buried in the ground, and the tip of the metal rod is used to discharge electricity to gradually neutralize the electricity carried by the clouds and the electricity on the ground, so that no accident will occur.

Lightning is a (natural) phenomenon, a (physical) phenomenon;

Lightning rods are made according to the principle (tip discharge).

You're not right, you can't be relied on at all, and you're not reliable at all! Lightning is supposed to be a lightning phenomenon between heterogeneous charge thunderclouds.

How is lightning formed and what is ball lightning? Explain the principle under 3D animation.

Thunder and lightning occur at the same time, is due to a discharge phenomenon between clouds with different charges or between clouds and the earth, when the distance between clouds with different charges is reduced to a certain distance due to movement, the strong potential difference between the positive and negative charges breaks down the air and instantaneously discharges, the discharge spark produced during discharge is the lightning we see, and the sound produced during discharge is thunder.

In the same way, when the charged cloud is moving, the corresponding place on the ground generates an induced charge, and if the distance between the cloud and the ground or a tall object on the ground is small, the air between the cloud and the object is broken down and an instantaneous discharge occurs to produce thunder.

We see lightning and then hear thunder, because light travels much faster than sound, so we see lightning and then hear thunder.

Lightning and thunder are carried out at the same time.

Lightning occurs at the same time due to the collision between clouds with different electrifications to produce sparks and make loud noises, but the speed of light is much faster than the speed of sound, so people see lightning first, and then hear thunder!

At present, there are several common lightning rods on the market: tubular lightning rods, valve lightning rods, magnetic blowing lightning rods and zinc oxide lightning rodsThe number of lightning rods on the market ranges from thousands to tens of thousands. Because the zinc oxide lightning rod technology is relatively mature, it can withstand a large current lightning strike, and when the lightning strikes the lightning rod, it can also limit the voltage on the lightning rod, so it is widely used.

The lightning rod is mainly composed of a lightning rod, a down conductor and a grounding device. When a large number of charges accumulate in the clouds, the lightning rod installed in a high place has a low potential and can attract the charges of the clouds. The fact that the charges are attracted to each other is due to the fact that the charges between them are opposite-sex charges.

After the lightning rod attracts the cloud charge, the charge is directed downward through the down conductor and passed into the grounding device, and the introduced current is dispersed to the earth, so as to avoid the danger of lightning hitting the building.

The lightning rod is not so much lightning protection, but it is more about taking the initiative to guide the lightning. Turning the charge from the clouds into a passive charge before it is released to lightning, purposefully diverting the charge to move it where we expect it to be, avoids the dangers that nature throws at us. The earliest recorded lightning rod in our country appeared in the Han Dynasty, when people built the palace, they would add a dragon head decoration at the highest point of the house, which could drain the current to the ground when the lightning concentrated in the palace, which was the prototype of the early lightning rod in China.

The lightning rod we use today was invented by the American scientist Benjamin FranklinHe flies the kite out during a thunderstorm and hangs a key on the bottom, when the lightning strikes the kite, the current passes through the kite string downward, and the metal key can sense the presence of electricity. It was Franklin's experiment that first demonstrated the working principle of the lightning rod, which was able to be absorbed by the tip and dispersed by drainage. Later, through many experiments, Franklin successfully developed a current guidance device, which was the first generation of lightning rods.

The principle of lightning rod is that although the top of the lightning rod is particularly sharp, it gathers a lot of charges, so when there are more charges in the clouds, it will interact with the lightning rod and will be broken down into a conductor. There are many types of lightning rods, there are insulated lightning rods, chimney lightning rods.

There are direct hit type, special type, pre-discharge type, installation of a flash connector, and discharge ground grid. The principle is to avoid lightning strikes on tall buildings through drainage.

The types of lightning rods are, special lightning rods, direct lightning rods, pre-release lightning rods and so on. The principle of its operation is that people usually recruit these patients to a very high place, and if there is a lightning day, these lightning bolts will slash into the lightning rods, and then the lightning rods will release these lightning bolts through the leads on the ground, so as to avoid injuries to the building, and also to avoid injuries to the people inside.

There are three kinds, direct lightning rod, special lightning rod, pre-discharge lightning rod in advance, its principle is to use a metal rod to connect with the metal plate on the ground, and then discharge at the tip, so that the electricity in the clouds and the electricity in the ground are peaceful, so as to achieve the effect of avoiding lightning.

At this stage, we are currently on the market with a common lightning rod.

There are these categories: tubular lightning rods, valve-type lightning rods, magnetic blowing lightning rods and their activated zinc oxide lightning rods, etc., the prices of these types of lightning rods in the market also range from thousands of yuan to more than 10,000. Because the activated zinc oxide lightning rod is technically perfect, it can bear the lightning strike of large current, and when the lightning strikes the lightning rod, it can also limit the working voltage on the lightning rod, so it is widely used.

The lightning rod key consists of a lightning rod.

Down-lead and grounding system composition. When there are many charges in the clouds, the potential difference between the lightning rod itself installed at high altitude.

The lower it is, it can attract each other to the charge of the clouds. Charges can be generated to attract each other because each other's charges are the charges of friends of the opposite sex. After the lightning rod attracts the charge of the clouds, the charge is correctly guided downward according to the down conductor and then transmitted to the grounding system, so as to disperse the introduced current to the ground, thereby preventing the risk of lightning hitting the engineering building parts.

The lightning rod is not so much lightning protection, but rather actively leading mines. Before the charge accumulated in the clouds releases lightning, the charge is diverted to the estimated position, which prevents the risk caused by nature. The earliest recorded lightning rod in our country occurred in the Han Dynasty, when we built the castle, we would modify a leading decorative design at the highest point of the house, and the current drainage method could be applied to the road surface when the lightning concentrated in the palace, which was the prototype of the lightning rod in the early days of our country.

The lightning rod used today was used by the American biologist Benjamin Franklin.

He invented the paper kite on a stormy day, and hung a key at the bottom, when the lightning struck the paper kite, the current was transmitted down according to the kite line, and the metal material key could recognize the existence of electricity. The principle of the lightning rod also happens to be the first certification of Franklin's experiment, lightning strikes can be digested and absorbed by the top and can be dispersed by drainage methods. Later, based on several tests, Franklin succeeded in trial-producing a device that correctly directs the current, which was the first generation of lightning rods.

A lightning rod is a lightning protection device installed on tall buildings. There are many types of lightning rods. The main working principle is that the electric field generated by the lightning rod can attract lightning to reduce the damage of lightning to the building.

There are many types, such as tubular lightning arresters, including metal oxide lightning rods, valve arresters, etc., the principle of operation is that the transmission line generally has related equipment, and after the insulating mat passes through this place, the voltage will be controlled and limited.

Lightning rods are made according to the principle (tip discharge). The Kai sock lightning rod is made according to the principle of tip discharge. lightning rod and electrified.

When there is more charge on the clouds, the air between the lightning rod and the clouds will be penetrated, and the lightning rod is grounded, so the charge is introduced to the earth, and there will be no danger of Qingqing.

Lightning Rod Principle:

In thunderstorms, when there are charged clouds over high-rise buildings, a large number of charges are induced on the lightning rod and the top of the high-rise building.

In this way, the lightning rod gathers most of the charge. The lightning rod forms a capacitor with these charged clouds, and because it is sharp, that is, the area of the two poles of the capacitor is very small, and the capacitance is also very small, which means that it can hold very little charge.

And it collects most of the charge, so when there is more charge on the clouds, the air between the lightning rod and the clouds can easily break down and become a conductor. In this way, the charged cloud layer forms a path with the lightning rod, and the lightning rod is grounded, and the lightning rod can channel the charge on the cloud layer into the earth, so that it does not pose a danger to the high-rise building and ensures its safety.