What is a courtyard house and what is a courtyard house

Courtyard house, also known as courtyard house, is a traditional courtyard style building in China, its pattern is a courtyard with houses built on four sides, and the courtyard is enclosed in the middle from four sides, so it is called courtyard house.

The courtyard is a house with a gatehouse in front of the courtyard to enclose. If it is in the shape of a "mouth", it is called a courtyard; The "day" shaped one is called the Erjin courtyard; The "目" shaped one is called the three-entry courtyard. [1] Generally speaking, in the courtyard of the mansion, the first entrance is the gatehouse, the second entrance is the hall, and the third or rear entrance is the private room or boudoir, which is the activity space of women or dependents, and ordinary people are not allowed to enter at will

The courtyard is a little deeper". The deeper the courtyard, the less you can peep into it.

Courtyard houses have a history of at least 3,000 years and are of many types throughout China, with the Beijing courtyard house being a typical example. Courtyard houses are usually inhabited by large families, providing a relatively private courtyard space from the outside world, and their architecture and layout reflect the traditional Chinese idea of hierarchy and the theory of yin and yang and the five elements.

In modern times, with the change of family structure and social concepts, the livability of traditional courtyard houses has been challenged. In the process of urban planning, traditional courtyard houses are also facing the contradiction of protection and development, some of which are listed as cultural relics protection units, and some are also demolished.

Structure of the Quadrangle:

The Beijing Courtyard House is an inner courtyard house surrounded by houses on the east, west, south and north sides. As the main architectural form where old Beijingers have lived for generations, Beijing courtyard houses are well-known at home and abroad, and are well known to the world.

The gate of the courtyard is generally opened in the southeast corner or northwest corner, and the north house in the courtyard is the main house, which is built on a brick and stone pedestal, which is larger than the scale of other houses, and is the living room of the owner of the courtyard. On both sides of the courtyard, there are east and west wings, which are where the younger generations live. There is a corridor between the main room and the side room, where people can walk and rest.

The walls of the courtyard and the houses facing the street generally do not open windows to the outside, and the environment in the courtyard is closed and quiet.

There are courtyard houses of all sizes in Beijing, but no matter how big or small, they are all made up of courtyards surrounded by houses on all sides. The simplest courtyard houses have only one courtyard, the more complex ones have two or three courtyards, and the deep mansion courtyards where the rich and noble live are usually composed of several courtyard houses side by side. There is also a partition wall in the middle.

The typical characteristics of the courtyard are that the appearance is regular, the middle line is symmetrical, and the usage is extremely flexible, to the large expansion, is the palace, the palace, to the small shrinkage, is the common people's residence, the glorious Forbidden City and the suburbs of the ordinary peasant family are all courtyard houses.

1. The courtyard house, also known as the courtyard house, is a traditional building in China. There will be houses on all sides of a courtyard, and the houses on all sides will surround the courtyard in the middle, so everyone smiles at this kind of courtyard into a courtyard house.

2. A door is added in front of the courtyard, giving people the feeling that it is an opening. Generally, the first door in the mansion is the gatehouse, the second is the hall, and the third is the boudoir, which is the activity space of women or dependents, and it is generally not allowed to enter casually. Therefore, the ancients had a saying that the courtyard was a little deeper, which is what everyone expressed was that the deeper the courtyard.

The more you can't peep in. Change.

3. The courtyard has a history of more than 3,000 years, and there are various different courtyard houses in China, among which the courtyard in Beijing is the most classic. We couldn't see anything inside except the gate of the courtyard.

4. Now there are a lot of people who will build a courtyard type, now many courtyards are listed as cultural relics protection units, and at the same time there are many courtyards that have been demolished, and now many people are using light steel courtyards when rebuilding courtyards.

The above is the introduction of the courtyard, I believe you have a certain understanding of this, I hope to help you.

The architectural characteristics of Beijing's residential houses (courtyard houses) are as follows:

1. Formal courtyard houses, one household and one house, the plane layout can be large or small. The owner of the house can build according to the size of the land area and the number of people in the family, so small that there can be only one entry, large enough to three or **, and two quadrangle wide courtyards can also be built with a cross courtyard. The small one has 13 rooms; For the first or second hospital, there are 25 to 40 rooms.

The back wall of the wing room is a courtyard wall, and the corner is built with a bright brick wall. The large courtyard is surrounded from the outside by a wall with tall walls and no windows to show its secrecy. In terms of system, many palaces and temples were also designed and built according to the layout of the courtyard.

2. The smallest one enters the courtyard, enters the street door directly into the courtyard, runs through the central axis, the houses are single-storey, and the courtyard is surrounded by the inverted seat room, the main house and the wing room, in which the north room is the main house, the house in the east and west directions is the wing room, and the south door is open to the north, so it is called the "inverted seat house". Flowers and fruit trees are planted in the courtyard for viewing.

3. The two-entry courtyard is divided into the front yard and the back yard, and the back yard is also called the inner house. The front yard is composed of gatehouse and inverted seat room, the one that connects the front and back yard is generally the hanging flower door, some relatively simple residences use the moon gate, and the backyard is composed of the east and west wings, the main house and the verandah. There are also two-entry courtyards, such as the former residence of Mao Dun in Beijing, which does not separate the front yard from the hanging flower door, but adds a backyard behind the main house to build a back cover house for female dependents to live.

4. The complete quadrangle courtyard is a three-entry courtyard, the first courtyard is the narrow courtyard where the inverted seat house is lived in before the hanging flower door, the second courtyard is composed of a wing room, a main room, a verandah, the main room and the wing room can also be added to the ear room, the third courtyard is the rear cover room after the main house, and a door is opened in the ear room of the landlord side, connecting the second and third courtyards.

In the whole courtyard, the old man lives in the north room (upper room), the middle is the large living room (middle hall room), the eldest son lives in the east room, the second son lives in the west room, the servant lives in the inverted seat room, and the daughter lives in the backyard, which does not affect each other. This also reflects the influence of traditional Chinese culture and philosophy.

5. There are many combinations of four good and five entering the hospital, usually in the form of "front hall and back bed". The first courtyard is the same as the third courtyard, the second courtyard is the hall room and the east and west wing rooms used externally, and then set up a hanging flower door, the third courtyard is formed between the hall room and this hanging flower door, and the first courtyard where the main house and the wing room are located after the hanging flower door is the main courtyard, which is the main courtyard.

If there is a rear cover room in the back, it constitutes the fifth courtyard. There are also a row of south houses built on the north side of the inverted house, and the composition of ** or five courtyards.

6. The largest depth of the Beijing courtyard is the distance between the two hutongs, about 77 meters, and some of the more luxurious courtyards even have gardens and rockeries.

According to Feng Shui, the southwest is the "land of five ghosts", and the toilet can be used to contain the white tiger with filth, from a practical point of view, the toilet is built in the southwest to adapt to the northwest-east to know the south wind direction, which can prevent the odor from spreading in the courtyard.