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It seems that in the past, the impression of Chinese culture in the West (especially by the French Enlightenment thinkers) was quite good. Take, for example, the imperial examination system. In China, Lu Xun and his gang all described the imperial examination system as useless, and the most prominent example is "Kong Yiji".
But in eighteenth-century French intellectual circles, the imperial examination system was a good thing. Let's first listen to what the famous Voltaire had to say. This system prevented the hereditary power and ensured the legitimate convection of the intellectual class.
Why did Voltaire promote our imperial examination system in such a way?
Because France at that time, no, not just France, but the whole of Europe, was in a state of class solidification, and there was no channel for mobility between classes. If you are a farmer, you can only farm for generations, and no matter how hard you try, it is useless. If you are a nobleman, your children and grandchildren are also nobles without any effort.
Maupassant's Julien is a typical example. But in China during the same period, the sons of farmer men also had the opportunity to enter the management class, through the means of taking the imperial examination. As long as you have a few extra money to send your child to a private school in the village, the child will have the direction of his efforts and the possibility of success, and he will be admitted to Xiucai or Renren in the future, and he will hope to become a county magistrate or a higher position.
It is precisely because of the imperial examination system that classes in China are fluid, not solidified. Of course, today's Western culture does not worship China as much as it used to, because they later had a democratic electoral system that could break the rigid state of class, a woodcutter like Lincoln could also be a **, and a businessman Trump could also call for wind and rain in political circles. The true wise men of the West attach great importance to traditional Chinese culture!
For example, China's "Tao Te Ching" is published more in Western countries than in China, and the degree of attention is even greater than that of China! Now large enterprises in the West have taken the Tao Te Ching as their motto! As an important reference for decision-making.
In a bourgeois country like Germany, almost every family has a copy of the Tao Te Ching. However, different countries have different views on Chinese culture.
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In the eyes of many foreigners who do not understand Chinese culture, China has always lived a relatively backward life, which comes from their misunderstanding. At the same time, every Chinese knows martial arts, and Chinese eat everything is also one of their misunderstandings about Chinese culture.
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Those foreigners who don't understand Chinese culture always feel that Chinese is very low, and they always think that China is very backward.
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I feel that China is very sacred, and I also feel that China is really a very powerful country, and it is developing better and better.
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I think there are the following aspects:
1。Concept of marriage: Marriage in traditional Chinese ancient times emphasized the right family, because marriage is related to the union of two families. However, under the influence of Western culture, the concept of marriage in China has gradually tended to be personalized, and it is good to choose a person you like.
2。Scientific view: ancient Chinese traditional culture does not attach importance to science, although from Cao Chong called the elephant, two children can know that China has logical thinking, but because China attaches importance to technology and does not pay attention to science, so in the past China is lagging behind the West in science.
Nowadays, China is aware of the importance of science to the development of the country, and has made great efforts to develop science, such as introducing science subjects such as physics and chemistry, but these are imported from the West. Otherwise, the imperial examinations in ancient China were all based on poetry and other literary and artistic examinations.
3。View of Nature: In today's China, a large number of trees are cut down for the development of ores for commercial development.
These are all influenced by the Western idea of the conquest of nature. You must know that the ancient traditional Chinese culture regarded nature as a sentient being, emphasizing the unity of nature and man, and the harmony of nature.
4。Personality: Because ancient Chinese society was dominated by agriculture, the character of the people was simple, conformed to nature, and regarded things as natural.
Therefore, traditional Chinese are self-contained and do not care about political affairs. However, because of the influence of Western democratic ideas, today's Chinese are advocating democracy and want to participate in politics.
5。Ethics: In traditional China, the father-son relationship is one of dignity and inferiority, and children must obey their parents' requirements.
However, in the West, the relationship between father and son is equal, and the relationship is like a friend. Many families in China today are influenced by the West, and the relationship between parents and children has gradually become egalitarian, speaking like friends rather than as traditionally, with a solemn and solemn attitude.
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The first is that relatives and friends have to give money when they run errands at home, and the amount of money is very particular, which is incomprehensible to foreigners. In fact, foreigners' relatives and friends also need to participate in running errands at home, after all, this is also a way of socializing. However, there are many ways and means for foreigners to participate in it, unlike us who can't escape the love-hate thing of money anyway, so foreigners can't understand it anyway.
The second is that we Chinese not only eat the food on a plate when we have a dinner, but we also communicate in many languages when we eat. Many foreigners have their own cutlery and plates when they have a dinner, and then put them on the plate to eat according to their needs and tastes, similar to the kind of buffet. And we Chinese not only eat together at the same table when eating, but also joke with each other, and the scene is also very lively.
The third is to have sons to pass on to the next generation, and the more children the better, which is difficult for many foreigners to understand. Because we are influenced by the traditional culture of Confucianism, we believe that only sons can inherit the lineage, so many Chinese people will try their best to have a son. And if any family does not have a son, they will be looked down upon by relatives and neighbors.
Foreigners don't have such a strong concept, and foreigners are also very good to girls.
The fourth is humility and politeness, many foreigners are more direct and cannot understand our culture. Since our people are more subtle and not too public, when they encounter some things, they will first be humble and polite, and then they can enter the theme and do things well. Foreigners, on the other hand, are obviously not as polite as we are, they are basically straightforward, and they don't like our way of beating around the bush.
Therefore, when foreigners see that we are humble and polite, they can't understand it by scratching their heads.
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What is the Chinese culture that is difficult for Americans to understand?
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Chinese deposits, which foreigners cannot understand. Foreigners generally don't have any savings, only loans, only debts, and they think that's normal.
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There are many things that are difficult for foreigners to understand, such as ancestor worship and dragon boat racing.
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The first is that he likes to drink hot water, and the second is that he likes to eat animal offal.
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Foreigners do not understand Chinese medicine, so the living habits that should be produced by the theory of Chinese medicine are incomprehensible to foreigners.
For example, drink hot water in the summer when it's hot.
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Chinese people have a fairly extensive understanding of foreign cultures, especially with the development of globalization and the popularization of new **, foreign cultures have gradually penetrated into all areas of Chinese society. First of all, with the advancement of internationalization, foreign language majors are widely offered in domestic universities, and many students choose to study foreign languages such as English, French, German, and Japanese, thus being exposed to foreign high school cultures. Second, more and more Chinese choose to study and travel abroad, which also gives them the opportunity to learn more about foreign cultures.
In addition, the globalization of cultural and entertainment products such as **, movies, and TV jokes has also made it easier for Chinese audiences to get in touch with foreign culture.
Of course, it is important to point out that the level of knowledge may vary from person to person. Some people may only understand the superficial part, while others may have a very in-depth study of a country's culture. In general, Chinese people have a high degree of acceptance of foreign cultures, and are also striving to establish cultural exchanges and interactions with countries around the world to further promote cultural diversity and common development.
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The Chinese's understanding of filial piety and foreign culture is complicated. On the one hand, with the development of globalization and the Internet, more and more Chinese have begun to contact and understand foreign cultures, especially in the big city Hewry and youth groups, more people can use English and other foreign languages to communicate with foreigners, and are more open and tolerant of foreign cultures. In addition, China's increasingly important role in international affairs has also promoted the degree to which Chinese understand foreign cultures.
On the other hand, due to the influence of historical, geographical, linguistic and other factors, there are many differences between China and other cultural circles, and some Chinese may lack understanding or misunderstanding of foreign cultures. For example, some Chinese are overly idealistic or stereotyped about Western culture, or have a bias against the culture and history of the United States and the former Shenwuben. In addition, the rise of some cultural self-confidence and cultural protectionism has also affected the attitude of some Chinese people towards foreign cultures.
In short, the degree to which Chinese understand foreign cultures is a dynamic process that is influenced by a variety of factors. But what is certain is that with the continuous strengthening of exchanges and cooperation between China and foreign countries, more and more Chinese will begin to pay attention to, learn and appreciate foreign cultures, and better understand and integrate into the world.
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Chinese's understanding of foreign cultures varies from individual to individual, but in general, with the deepening of economic globalization and cultural exchanges, more and more Chinese have begun to show interest and enthusiasm for foreign cultures.
First of all, China has become the world's second largest economy, and foreign investment has grown dramatically, which has also led to increasingly frequent business and cultural exchanges between China and other countries. For example, foreign movies, **, TV shows, and online games are very popular in China, and young people are especially receptive to cultural information from foreign countries.
Secondly, China is also actively promoting international cultural exchanges and strengthening cultural interaction with other countries. For example, China often sends cultural delegations to visit various countries and invites foreign cultural groups to come to China to showcase their culture. In addition, China is also vigorously developing its local cultural industry, expanding its influence overseas by promoting traditional Chinese culture and modern cultural products overseas.
Although the level of understanding of foreign cultures by Chinese is constantly improving, there are still certain limitations and obstacles due to cultural background, language differences and other factors, so more time and efforts are needed to promote international cultural exchanges and mutual understanding.
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Chinese's understanding of foreign cultures varies depending on personal, regional, educational background, and other factors. But in general, with China's reform and opening up and the advent of the Internet era, more and more Chinese have begun to understand, contact and study foreign cultures.
On the one hand, China's higher education and research institutions often invite foreign experts and scholars to visit or collaborate on research, which also provides Chinese students with opportunities to learn more about foreign cultures. On the other hand, the knowledge of foreign language education and cross-cultural communication in China is also constantly improving, so that more people can understand foreign cultures through translation and reading.
In addition, the entry of multinational corporations and the export of culture have also promoted Chinese's understanding of foreign cultures. Through exposure to foreign companies' employees, products, and brand promotion, Chinese people gradually understand the differences between cultures and form increasingly globally conscious concepts.
Of course, compared with foreign people, there is still a lot of room for improvement in Chinese's understanding of foreign cultures. But what is certain is that Chinese's understanding of foreign cultures is increasing and valued.
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Chinese understand foreign cultures to varying degrees, depending on their level of education, personal interests, and access to the outside world. With the development of globalization, Chinese's understanding of foreign cultures has gradually increased.
In China's big cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other places, foreign cultural activities are very rich. Many films, artworks, and literary works have been imported from abroad, giving Chinese the opportunity to encounter different cultures and ideas. In addition, many people go abroad to study, travel, and work, which also expands their knowledge of foreign cultures.
Of course, not all Chinese are interested in or have a deep understanding of foreign cultures. There are also people who may have prejudices or misunderstandings, contradictions and conflicts due to cultural differences. But in general, Chinese's understanding of foreign cultures is increasing, which also provides a better foundation for Sino-foreign exchanges, cultural exchanges and cooperation.
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Chinese people have a certain understanding of foreign cultures, especially in today's deepening of globalization, people's exchanges and interactions with each other are becoming more and more frequent. With the development of media such as social **, television and film, many Chinese have had the opportunity to have a deeper understanding and contact with foreign cultures. In addition, scholars, artists, and scientists in different fields have also made important contributions to the exchange and integration of Chinese and foreign cultural cognitions.
Chinese have a relatively deep understanding of the culture of some Western countries such as the United States, France, the United Kingdom, Germany, etc. This understanding is not just based on traditional written materials, but through various means, including travel, living, learning, communication, etc. In addition, China's younger generation is becoming more familiar with the culture and folklore of other countries and regions, such as Japanese and Korean pop culture and style.
Still, there are some challenges for Chinese in learning about foreign cultures. A significant problem is that although English has become the international lingua franca, most Chinese do not have sufficient English language skills, which limits their cultural awareness and understanding. In addition, the characteristics of some foreign cultures may not be easy for Chinese to understand, which requires more cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries to further deepen cross-cultural understanding and awareness.
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