What is the culture model in pond fish farming technology?

The aquaculture model in pond fish farming technology is a rational use of bait and water, giving full play to the mutually beneficial effect between fish and fish, promoting the double harvest of adult fish and fingerlings, and improving social benefits.

and economic benefits of the breeding model. It is primarily a mixed culture model. "Polyculture" fish is a three-dimensional ecological and environmental protection project: grass carp removes weeds, silver carp and bighead carp from the pond.

It is a water purifier, a carp, a herring.

Eat snails, mussels.

Carnivorous fish exterminate wild trash fish. Various fish species live in their respective water layers to get the most out of the pool water. According to the feeding habits of fish, fish species with less competition and mutual benefit should be selected in polyculture to achieve good results.

The mixed culture mode can be accomplished by:

First of all. Identification of major fish and captive fish. Major fish not only account for a large proportion of stocked quantities (weight), but are also the main objects of feeding, fertilization and husbandry management.

Mating fish are the supporting roles in farmed fish. They grow well by making full use of the remnants of the main fish, decaying debris from feces and natural bait in the water. Determine the main fish culture and rationing based on market demand, bait**, pond conditions and fish species**.

And then. Determine the type of mixed culture: (1) The type of fish culture based on herbivorous fish. This feed feeds mainly on herbivorous fish, using grass carp and Wuchang fish.

The manure and bait are fed and served with fish. Because the bait is easy to solve, the yield is high, and the economic benefits are high, which is more suitable for the characteristics of fish farming in our city. Its main fish farming types have been developed into grass carp and Wuchang fish, grass carp and silver carp.

and bighead carp, grass carp and herring. (2) This is a fish culture based on omnivorous fish. Such as carp and crucian carp, there are grass carp, silver carp and bighead carp.

3) Filter-feeding fish are the main type of fish farming. For example, silver carp and bighead carp are mainly used, and crucian carp, silver carp and other fish are eaten with organic decaying detritus as appropriate.

To sum up, pond fish farming is undoubtedly the best choice to generate good economic benefits.

The breeding mode in pond fish farming technology is generally customized according to the actual environment of the fish pond, such as the three-dimensional polyculture model and the ecological breeding model, which are all based on the variety of fish you raise and the actual situation of your fish pond.

Three-dimensional polyculture mode, ecological breeding mode, etc. Three-dimensional polyculture mode, such as polyculture of shrimp, crabs, shrimp and turtles; Ecological farming mode, in large and medium-sized natural waters put fish fry and so on for breeding.

It is necessary to pay attention to the density, to choose high-quality fry in the process of breeding, to pay attention to the combination of feed, to pay attention to the temperature of the water, to pay attention to the nutrients of the water, and to replace the water resources in time.

So what are the key points of pond fish farming? Based on my own experience in the past 20 years, I have made a summary and analysis, mainly in the following aspects:

First, water quality, fish farming is a water, and water farming must first raise bacteria, because fish live in water, in order to fish healthy growth must first have a good environment, so we must first raise good water, the so-called good water is to achieve fat, live, tender, cool these four standards, and is indispensable, for this in the process of fish farming need to do a reasonable change of water and timely medication to change the bottom.

Reasonable feeding, this is not very difficult, as long as it is done according to the feeding and living habits of the fish to be fed reasonably, but in the process of feeding, we should pay more attention to the changes in water quality, fish conditions and weather, and according to this to appropriately increase and decrease the amount of feeding; On the other hand, it is also necessary to ensure that there is no quality problem in the feed fed.

Second, the rational match of the breed and size of the fish, in the process of breeding according to the fish pond and water sources and other conditions to reasonably select the species, quantity and specifications of the stocked fish, as far as possible to achieve the fish in the living habits of each other to play a complementary role, so that it is possible to make better use of the water space and improve the utilization rate of bait.

3. Prevention and control of fish diseases. This is the key to fish farming, in the prevention and control of fish diseases to always understand a truth, for fish diseases must be based on prevention, prevention and control combined with the policy, so that there is no disease prevention, early treatment of disease, rather than in the fish has appeared a variety of discomfort before taking a fire-fighting method to use medicine, in fact, this is the last resort.

The so-called prevention is mainly to do the usual disinfection work, such as the disinfection of the pond in front of the pond, the prevention of drugs before the fish disease season, and the reasonable feeding and management of the usual time. Record and summarize, if you want to succeed in fish farming, production notes in the production process are indispensable, and these recorded methods and data are an important reference for the success of your farming, which can provide valuable reference data for the future.

These are just some of my personal insights and I hope they can help you.

There are more and more people raising fish in ponds, and pond fish farming should master pond disinfection, water quality control, high-quality fry stocking density, feed feeding, rotation and release, and comprehensive operation.

It should be noted that when breeding, we must pay attention to the density of breeding, and control the temperature of the water, so as to ensure that good fish grow more fat in the process of growth.

1. The creation of the basic environment, when carrying out pond fish farming, it is necessary to do a good job in the site selection, cleaning and disinfection of freshwater ponds, and increase the lighting area of the pond, so as to control the water temperature of the pond, reduce the breeding of bacteria, and remove the bait residues and pollutants in the pond in time during the breeding process, and carry out disinfection for a period of 2-3 days. Improve water quality. 2. The selection of fish species, the reasonable selection of fish species for breeding, is the condition for improving the profit of aquaculture, generally in accordance with 8:

The proportion of 2 fish fingerlings matching, this polyculture model, is very helpful for improving the production of fish fingerlings, when selecting varieties, the principle of mutual benefit and symbiosis, which is conducive to saving costs, fish species for the consumption of feed, the transformation of economic value are the conditions to be selected.

When carrying out pond fish farming, it is necessary to do a good job in the site selection, cleaning and disinfection of freshwater ponds, and increase the lighting area of the pond, for controlling the pond water temperature, reducing bacterial breeding, and in the process of breeding, timely remove the bait residue and pollutants in the pond, and carry out disinfection for a period of 2-3 days. Improve water quality.

1. Choose a place to build a pond: Fish farming should build a pond in a sunny and ventilated site with sufficient water sources. 2. Cleaning and disinfection of the pool

Sprinkle quicklime on the pond after exposure to the sun. 3. Put fish fry: select non-damaged, robust fish fry and put them in the pond.

4. Daily management: feed bait 3 times a day, mainly rice bran, wheat bran and other feeds.

1. Select a place to build a pool

Fish farming should be built in the sunny ventilation, sufficient water source, convenient drainage and irrigation site, the pond area is about 5-10 acres, the depth of the pond is about 3 meters, and to ensure that the bottom of the pond is flat, to avoid the existence of harmful substances, and the drainage and water inlet of the pond should be installed protective measures to avoid the escape of fish.

2. Cleaning and disinfection of the pool

Before raising fish, the pond should be cleaned and disinfected, first drained of water, exposed to the sun for 2 days, then properly removed the silt at the bottom of the pond, and then injected 20 cm of water into the pond, splashed with quicklime for disinfection for 3 days, and finally rinsed the pond repeatedly with clean water, and began to use it after a week.

3. Put fish fry

Fish farming should choose a robust, even, non-damaged, lively fry, before putting the fry to use light salt water to disinfect the fry, soak for 10 minutes and then take out, and then put in the treated fish pond, the breeding density should not be too large, so as not to fight the fish.

4. Daily management

In the process of raising fish, bait should be fed about 3 times a day, the feeding time is at 9 o'clock in the morning, 1 o'clock at noon, and 5 o'clock in the evening, and the feeding amount should be controlled at 5% of the total weight of the fish to avoid food deterioration and affect water quality.

The fish pond culture techniques are as follows:

Water: As the saying goes, "fish farming first raise water", water is the environment for fish growth, and the substrate should be taken into account in the actual breeding process, which is the so-called "water re-looking at the bottom". Good water and good bottom are the prerequisites for raising good fish.

In the actual production process, the use of water quality improvers (such as photosynthetic bacteria, etc.) or substrate improvers (aeration and decomposition types) should be flexibly adjusted according to the weather, fish pond water quality or substrate conditions, and at the same time, the aeration equipment should be reasonably turned on to promote the pond water quality to maintain "fertile, lively, tender and refreshing".

Species: Go to the regular fish nursery to buy strong, disease-free, injury-free, uniform fish fingerlings. Anti-stress products can be sprinkled in the whole pool 1-2 hours before seedlings are released; When the seedlings are released, the focus is on splashing again in the seedling area, the effect is better, and the survival rate of seedlings can be effectively improved.

Bait: After the seedlings are released, the amount of feeding should be gradually increased, and at the same time, nutritional additives can be appropriately added to feed to regulate the stomach and intestines of fish. Feeding should follow the "four fixed" principle (timing, fixed-point, qualitative, quantitative) and "four looks" principle (depending on the weather, water quality, season, luggage to see the food situation), depending on the breeding situation when the surplus bandwidth is increased or decreased.

Mixing: According to the living habits of fish and their own breeding goals, rational use of water resources and bait, improve the yield per mu, and increase the efficiency of aquaculture. pelagic filter-feeding erect fish include silver carp, bighead carp, etc.; pelagic fish include grass carp; Demersal fish include herring, crucian carp, mrigal, etc.

Tube: Daily management should achieve "four diligence": one diligent patrol (morning, noon and evening).

2. Frequent water injection (a small amount, many times, timely); Three observations: food, eight water quality indicators (dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, etc.), fish diseases, etc. Four Attendance Inspections:

For example, check whether the chassis of the aerator is rusty or loose, and keep a good feeding log.

First of all, through the scientific collection of fish breeding information, such as some rotation rotation and some basic, you should know, and then the fish hobby habits are clearly distinguished, according to the conditions of the fish.

How to carry out pond fish farming scientifically? What are the main measures to be taken? If there is an aeration equipment, you can insist on turning on the aerator for more than 2 hours at noon on a sunny day, and in case of rainy days or sudden changes in weather, you should turn on the aerator in time.

Crabs enclosed by outer river nets should be fished and put into aquatic plants for shade to reduce direct sunlight and reduce water temperature.

1. Polyculture and dense culture in the same pond polyculture and reasonable dense culture habits are different, different feeding habits or the same species and different specifications of fish species, is the core of China's pond fish farming technology, silver carp, bighead carp live in the upper layer of the water body, grass carp, bream live in the water body, the lower layer, herring, dace, carp, crucian carp, non-crucian carp and so on live at the bottom of the water body. Second, the rotation of fishing and release that is, a full release of fish fingerlings, after a period of rearing, in batches to catch some of the adult fish that reach the commercial specifications, and then appropriately replenish the fingerlings, the use of this method can make the pond unit water body always maintain a suitable density, thereby increasing the fish production per unit area.

Choosing a location: Usually the location of the fish pond should be near the water source, which can reduce the cost. Build a pond:

In general, fish farming requires multiple ponds, because fish of different sizes need to be kept separately to avoid the big fish eating the small fish. Selection of fish species: Rural fish ponds are suitable for raising common fish such as grass carp, silver carp, bighead carp, herring and carp.

Stocking density: Fish pond fish farming should also pay attention to the stocking density, not too large. <

Rural fish ponds should first choose a good location. Usually the location of the fish pond is close to the water source, which can reduce the cost. It is important to note that the nearby water source must not be polluted, otherwise the fish will die in large numbers, causing incalculable losses.

In addition, it is necessary to consider factors such as transportation, as well as ensure a stable power supply.

Once you've chosen a location, it's time to build a pond. In general, fish farming requires multiple ponds, because fish of different sizes need to be kept separately to avoid the big fish eating the small fish. The fish pond for raising fish fry does not need to be too big, usually about 3-5 acres is enough, the water depth is about meters, and the fish pond for adult fish should be 8-10 acres to be enough.

Once the pond is built, it's time to select the fingerlings. Usually rural fish ponds are suitable for raising grass carp, silver carp, bighead carp, herring, carp and other common fish, if the conditions are better, you can also raise some other economic fish, but the cost of feeding may be higher, in addition to the way of nesting, a fish pond to raise 3-4 kinds of fish.

Fish pond fish farming should also pay attention to the stocking density. If the stocking density is too large, the fish will be permanent with each other, which may cause the fish to be injured and cause certain losses, but if the stocking density is too small, the income will not be guaranteed.

In the process of fish release, according to the life characteristics of different fish, the age and fingerlings of fish are reasonably matched in proportion, which can make full use of the pond water body and enrich the water layer. At the same time, the living habits of fish in the water are different, so they can make full use of bait, reduce feeding costs and improve economic benefits.

In mixed culture, the majority is grass carp. At the same time, they also raise more than a dozen species of fish, such as silver carp.

Silver carp, crucian carp and carp. Grass is the main bait for grass carp. Grass carp scraps are an excellent feed for omnivorous fish such as carp. At the same time, the feces of crucian carp and grass carp can improve the fertility of water bodies and make a large number of plankton.

It breeds in water bodies to provide bait for silver carp. Pelagic fish are known as bighead carp.

and silver carp, which feed mainly on plankton; The pelagic fish are mainly blunt sea bream and grass carp, and feed mainly on water and grass. The main demersal fish are herring.

Crucian carp and carp. These fish feed mainly on organic detritus from the seafloor.

According to these methods, the space of different water layers can be fully utilized, the utilization rate of bait can be fully improved, a variety of fish can coexist, and the ecological environment of the pond can be fully improved. Water bodies are in good sanitation. Fish can coexist peacefully.

They don't compete for bait and they don't eat each other. They can coexist, benefit each other, and live in a good ecological environment.

Fish symbiosis, reduced breeding costs, good economic benefits.

In terms of stocking, the development of reasonable stocking densities and reasonable intensive farming is an important measure to increase fish production. When setting stocking densities, it should be ensured that the fry in the pond reach commercial fish size as soon as possible. If the inventory density is low.

Although the fry grow quickly, the water resources and natural feed resources in the fish ponds are not fully utilized, so the fish production is not very high. If the stocking density is too high, the fish production in the pond may increase, but the adults are relatively thin and small, and the commercial value of the fish will not be high.

Of course, stocking density in fishpond polyculture is related to many factors, such as fishpond environment, feed and water quality. In the specific production process, farmers can only continuously improve the ecological environment of the fish pond. Create the best breeding conditions for the growth of fish fry, appropriately increase the stocking density, and achieve reasonable intensive aquaculture.

In practical application, the optimal polyculture density should be found on the basis of multi-species combined polyculture.