What does an airplane fly on and what does an airplane fly on?

Fuel is injected into the engine, the engine runs, drives the propeller, or produces a jet of air, pushing a large amount of gas backwards, making the aircraft move forward, when the air flows through the aircraft, because of the shape of the wings and the fuselage, the fuselage, the wings up and down produce different pressures, large below, small above, lift the aircraft. There is no motivation.

Forward" or no air flowing head-on, and it is impossible to fly. When taking off, it also relies on the downward position of the flaps to force the air to flow down under the wings, increasing the air thrust and lifting the aircraft up. This is the reason why the airplane has to accelerate to a certain speed on the runway and gain enough speed for the air to flow head-on before it can take off.

Usually we say "have a nice trip" to our friends who are going on a long trip, and when we fly, we should at least tell them when we take off.

I wish you a headwind". After level flight, then tailwind.

First, the principle of flight of the aircraft.

An airplane is a heavier than air aircraft, and when an airplane flies in the air, it will produce aerodynamic forces acting on the airplane, and the airplane is lifted into the air by aerodynamic force.

Second, the main components and functions of the flight.

So far, with the exception of a few special forms of aircraft, most aircraft have consisted of five main parts: wings, fuselage, tail, landing gear, and power plant.

1.Wing - The main function of the wing is to generate lift to support the aircraft in the air, but also to play a certain role in stability and operation. Ailerons and flaps are generally installed on the wings, and the ailerons can be manipulated to make the aircraft roll, and the lift can be increased by lowering the flaps.

Engines, landing gear and fuel tanks can also be installed on the wings. Aircraft for different purposes have different wing shapes and sizes.

2.Fuselage - the main function of the fuselage is to load passengers, passengers, cargo, and various equipment, and to fiber other parts of the aircraft such as wings, tail and engines.

3.Tail – The tail includes a horizontal tail and a vertical tail. The horizontal tail is composed of a fixed water stabilizer and a movable elevator, and some high-speed aircraft combine the horizontal stabilizer and the elevator into a full-motion flat tail.

The vertical tail includes a fixed vertical stabilizer and movable rudders. The function of the tail is to control the pitch and deflection of the aircraft to ensure that the aircraft can fly smoothly.

4.Landing gear - The landing gear of the aircraft is mostly composed of shock-absorbing struts and wheels, which are used for take-off, landing and taxiing, and supporting the aircraft when taxiing on the ground and parking.

5.Powerplant – The powerplant is mainly used to generate pull and thrust to move the aircraft forward. Secondly, it can also provide power supply for other electrical equipment on the aircraft.

At present, the rubber is widely used in aircraft power plants: aviation piston engines plus propeller thrusters, turbojet engines, turboprop engines and turbofan engines. In addition to the engine itself, the power plant includes a series of systems that ensure the proper functioning of the engine.

In addition to these five main parts, the aircraft is also equipped with various instruments, communication equipment, pilotage equipment, safety equipment and other equipment according to the needs of the aircraft's operation and mission.

The wing airfoil of the aircraft is not a plane, but slightly convex, the upper surface of the wing is convex and causes the upper surface air flow tube to shrink, the air flow velocity is accelerated, and the air flow on the lower surface produces a flow velocity difference, according to the Berlian equation, the greater the fluid flow velocity, the smaller the pressure, therefore, there is lift on the wing, when the aircraft is faster, the greater the flow rate difference, the greater the lift, when the lift exceeds gravity, the aircraft can take off.

Flying Principle 1. Glide.

The straight-line or curvilinear motion of an aircraft on the ground that does not exceed the specified speed is called taxiing.

The basic requirements for taxiing are that the aircraft starts taxiing smoothly, maintains speed and direction during taxiing, and enables the aircraft to stop at a predetermined position. The plane starts to move from a standstill, and the pull or thrust force must be greater than the maximum static friction force, so the throttle should be increased appropriately when the aircraft starts taxiing. After the aircraft starts to move, the friction decreases, so you should reduce the throttle as appropriate to prevent the acceleration from being too fast and keep the take-off and glide smooth.

In the coasting, if you want to increase the coasting speed, you should gently increase the throttle, so that the pull or thrust is greater than the friction force, produce acceleration, increase the speed, to reduce the coasting speed, you should retract the throttle, if necessary, you can use the brake.

Two. Takeoff.

The movement process of an airplane from the beginning of taxiing to leaving the ground and rising to a certain height is called takeoff.

The principle of maneuvering for the take-off of an airplane.

The aircraft glides from the ground to the ground and lifts off the ground as a result of the lift increasing until it is greater than the aircraft's gravity. And only when the speed of the aircraft increases to a certain point, it is possible to produce enough lift to support the gravity of the aircraft. It can be seen that the take-off of an airplane is an acceleration process with increasing speed.

The take-off process of the piston propeller aircraft with less residual pulling force can generally be divided into four stages: take-off and run, off the ground, small angle ascent (or a section of level flight), and ascent. A propeller aircraft with sufficient residual pull, or a jet aircraft with sufficient residual thrust, can accelerate and ascend the aircraft, so take-off is generally divided into three stages, namely take-off, ground departure and ascent.

a) The purpose of the take-off run is to increase the speed of the aircraft until ground clearance is obtained. The greater the pull or thrust, the greater the residual pull or thrust, and the faster the aircraft will grow. During takeoff, in order to increase the speed as soon as possible, you should push the throttle to the maximum position.

When the wing takes off, the speed increases because the upper wing is more curved than the lower and remains in a linear shape. If the speed is large, the flow rate will be large, and if the flow rate is large, the air pressure above will be greater than the air pressure below, so the downward air pressure wing will have an upward support force! Therefore, the take-off of the aircraft is based on the formation of the upper and lower air pressure difference.