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Father. It is my Legalist Han Feizi, I believe in Shang Marting, Legalism has a legal system, human rule, technical system, and imperial system.
Mencius. Needless to say, I am the thought of Legalism, and Legalism is good for the people, but not for the rulers, and Legalism is the school that attaches the most importance to law among the sons of the pre-Qin Dynasty. It was first proposed by Han Feizi, who is famous for advocating the "rule of law" of "the rule of law", and put forward a set of theories and methods.
This provided an effective theoretical basis for the later establishment of the Qin Dynasty, and the later Han Dynasty inherited the centralized system and legal system of the Qin Dynasty, which was the main body of politics and legal system in China's ancient feudal society.
The first function is to "settle the division and stop the dispute", that is, to clarify the ownership of things. One of the Legalists made a very simple analogy: "When a rabbit goes, a hundred people chase it." Accumulate rabbits in the city, and pass.
Legalist thought. Heedless. If you don't want a rabbit, you can't fight for it.
It means that when a rabbit runs, many people chase it, but they don't look at so many rabbits in the market. It's not that you don't want rabbits, it's that the ownership has been determined and you can't fight for it anymore, otherwise it's against the law and you're going to be sanctioned.
The second function is to "promote merit and fear violence", that is, to encourage people to make military exploits, and to make those lawbreakers feel fearful. The ultimate goal of Xinggong is to enrich the country and strengthen the army and win the annexation war.
China is not a society governed by the rule of law, but only seeks development with stability and harmony, if we use our law to rule the world, there will be no Li Tian case in the world that has dragged on for so long, and there will be no flaunting of wealth, thieves, and robberies, and the society is so turbulent that it is impossible to legislate, there are laws that must be followed, violations must be investigated, law enforcement must be strict, and the prince will be guilty of the same crime as the common people.
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Confucianism, the so-called Confucian culture, is actually the sum of all traditional Chinese ideology and culture, such as filial piety to the elders, courage in the face of righteousness, loyalty to duty, and the golden mean in the degree of doing things. There are not too many details, some are some traditional customs and habits, and the unique way of dealing with people in Chinese.
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Ancient inhabitants.
From this generation. Scope of life.
Physical characteristics. Tools.
Living situation. Contribute to impact.
Yuanmou people are 1.7 million years old.
Yunnan Yuanmou. Human characteristics, but closer to ape.
Rough stone tools, known with fire.
Pick wild fruits. It is the earliest known human being in China.
Peking Man 70-200,000 years.
Beijing Zhoukou store.
It retains the characteristics of an ape, but is closer to a man, stone tools with a distinctly rough division of hands and feet, wooden sticks. Fire will be used and saved.
Gregarious, hunting.
Cave Man. 30,000-year-old Beijing Zhoukou store.
It's basically the same as modern people.
Polished stone tools, man-style fire.
Gathering, hunting, fishing, making clothes for life, knowing how to love beauty. Form a clan to live in a collective.
Residents of Hemudu.
7000 years.
Yangtze River Basin. Modern people.
Polished stone tools, bone rakes.
The ancestors of the world's first rice cultivation were the first to grow rice in the world, who lived in a dry stilt house, settled down, cultivated rice, dug wells from house to house, raised livestock, and made pottery.
Banpo residents. Millennium.
Yellow river. Polished stone tools, stone knives, wood rakes.
They lived in semi-crypt houses, cultivated millet and vegetables, raised animals, hunted and fished, spindled, weaved, and made garments, and made faience with patterns and carved symbols.
The ancestors of the world's first millet planters.
Yandi and Yellow Emperor tribes.
Millennium. Yellow river.
The tribes formed an alliance, the leader Chan rang, and there was a war. The Yellow Emperor built palaces, made clothes, taught people to dig wells, and invented boats and chariots. His wife, the ancestor, invented silkworm reeling, his subordinate Cangjie invented writing, and Linglun made up musical scores.
The Yellow Emperor is known as the "First Ancestor of Humanity", and overseas Chinese call themselves "the descendants of Yan and Huang".
Chiyou tribe. Millennium.
Yangtze River Basin.
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Beijingers: Beijing Zhoukoudian area. About 700,000 to 200,000 years ago. The physical characteristics of the ape are preserved. Stone tools. Natural fire.
Caveman: A cave on the top of the Dragon Bone Mountain in Beijing. About 30,000 years ago. It's basically the same as modern humans. Polished stone tools. Artificial fire. Clan.
Ancient Egypt Memphis.
Ancient Babylon: The city of your.
Ancient India, Mohenjo. Darrow City.
Ancient China Erlitou.
Sorry for the unfinished answers!!
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1. a.Pekingese BCave Man.
Place of life ABeijing Zhoukoudian Keel Mountain Cave BThe cave at the top of the Dragon Bone Mountain in Zhoukoudian, Beijing.
Life time a70-200,000 years ago b30,000 years ago.
Physical characteristics aSome of the physical characteristics of the ape are retainedIt's basically the same as modern people.
Production tools aStoneware, wooden sticks BStone tools are made, and polishing and drilling techniques are mastered.
Use of fire aUse natural fire bArtificial fire.
Form of social organization aGroup life bA clan united by blood relations.
What both have in common: living in the Paleolithic Age, using fire, living a life of gathering and hunting, living this social life.
2.The emergence of primitive agriculture and animal husbandry, as well as the emergence of polished stone tools and pottery, made human beings gradually begin to settle down and form agricultural villages.
3.Settled life has promoted the development of primitive agriculture, animal husbandry and handicrafts, and the improvement of material life has also promoted the improvement of people's spiritual life, which is of great significance to the origin and inheritance of human civilization.
4.(1) The irrigation water sources of large rivers are abundant and the water resources are abundant; (2) The terrain is flat and the land is relatively fertile; (3) The climate is mild, suitable for human survival, and conducive to the growth of crops. It can be seen that early humans were more dependent on the natural environment.
Ancient Egypt BAncient Babylon cAncient India DAncient China.
Origin area aNortheast Africa (Nile Basin) bWestern Asia (Two Rivers) CSouth Asian subcontinent (Indus, Ganges basins) dEastern Asia (Yellow River, Yangtze River Basin).
Appearance of the year A3500 B.C3500 BC c2500 BC d2070 BC.
Climatic characteristics aDrought and little rain bDrought and little rainfall cWarm and moist dThe climate is mild and suitable for crops.
Common denominator: the emergence and the great river basins, both are agricultural civilizations, both have created brilliant cultures, and have established unified countries, which are characterized by centralization.
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1. Huaxia ethnic group; The Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor.
2. Raising livestock and planting crops.
3. The public world; the world; Slave.
4. The king of Shang; Zhou Youwang; 771 BC.
5. Xia Dynasty. 6. a sub-seal; Property; Seigneur; Zhou Tianzi.
7. Chinese people; 771 BC; Zhou Youwang;
8. a bronze; Simu Wu Dafang Ding and Zeng Hou Yi chimes; Neolithic; Business; Sanxingdui; Farming; Grow crops.
9. 770 B.C.; Spring and autumn; Warring states.
10, Duke Huan of Qi, Duke Wen of Jin, King of Chuzhuang.
11, Qi Huan Gong; Guan Zhong; Interior; Economy; Military; Respect the king.
12. Battle of Chengpu; Retreat.
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What our teacher taught:
Huaxia people, Yellow Emperor.
Cultivation Breeding.
The public world is hereditary.
Zhou Youwang 771 BC
The Xia Dynasty divided the property of the princes and the Son of Heaven.
Guoren 771 BC King of Zhou You.
Bronze, Simu, Wuding, Siyang, Fangzun, Xia, Shang, Sanxingdui, Planting, Five Grains, 770 BC, Spring and Autumn Warring States.
Duke Huan of Qi, Duke Wen of Jin, King of Chuzhuang.
Duke Qi Huan was in charge of the internal affairs of the economy and the military of the king and the battle of Chengpu retreated.
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