What is the best fertilizer for orchids, and what is the best fertilizer for orchid fertilization

Orchids with organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are OK, no one is good or bad, but to thin fertilizer diligently, this is very important, also critical, many people to the orchid after fertilization, orchid leaves will appear black or root blackening, is the use of fertilizer concentration is too high, to dilute with water high times before use will not appear fertilizer and fertilizer damage.

Orchid organic fertilizer can be used: cake fertilizer, such as rapeseed cake, soybean cake, straw, fallen leaves, grass, animal and plant residues, human and animal manure, etc., such as sheep manure, cow dung and silkworm sand, etc., as well as wild green plant body decaying residues, as well as river mud, pond mud can be.

Organic fertilizer can be used as a base fertilizer, mixed with a little orchid planting material, when using it must be sterilized and insecticide, fully fermented, so that it is conducive to the decomposition of microorganisms after potting, and there is no need to worry about burning the orchid root due to the high temperature of fermentation.

Inorganic fertilizer generally refers to chemical fertilizers, now they use more slow-release fertilizers, chemical fertilizers are mainly urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, these two fertilizers can be sprayed leaves and irrigated roots, as well as some other foliar fertilizers, I recommend that urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are diluted 3000 times before spraying leaves and irrigating roots is the safest, so that orchids will not produce fertilizer. Slow-release fertilizer is more convenient, directly put on the surface of the pot and don't care, the fertilizer effect can be slowly released into the pot with each watering.

The roots of orchids generally live in symbiosis with fungi, and the fungus penetrates into the roots of the orchid, and finally absorbs itself as nutrients by the roots of the orchid. However, the nutrients supplied by the fungus are not sufficient and fertilizer is still needed. In their natural state, orchids are mostly found in humus-rich, loose-substrate, well-drained environments, and epiphytic orchids are attached to rock walls or tree trunks with slightly accumulated soil or moss and humus.

They don't consume much fertilizer and don't need much fertilizer. Too much fertilizer can harm orchids and even cause death. Therefore, proper fertilization is necessary to promote the growth of orchids, especially for commercial production or large-scale cultivation.

Due to the implementation of the quarantine system for orchids entering Japan, the mode of soil and humus cultivation is mostly eliminated and mostly cultivated as sterile granular material without much nutrients, therefore, reasonable fertilization is very important, only thin fertilizer is applied frequently, in order to achieve a proper balance.

1) Types of fertilizers.

It is advisable to use cake fertilizer for planting orchids, mix well with 4 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of bean cake and 10 parts of bone meal, put it in the jar, add water several times, make the bean cake soak until it rises, then cover and seal, after one year of decay, and then make it into dry grains. When using, it can be placed on the basin surface. If whole manure is used, it should also be decomposed for one year and mixed with water to dilute the filter residue.

Generally, fertilization begins in May, and fertilizer is stopped in the beginning of autumn, and thin fertilizer is mastered and applied more. Fertilization should be done in the evening, followed by 1 more water in the early morning of the next day.

Organic fertilizer can only be used after 2 to 3 months of fermentation. The dilution factor is organic fertilizer plus 20 to 30 times water or thinner. Take cow dung as an example, it should be diluted to light yellow croaker, clarified and then removed from the slag for later use.

Export orchids do not use organic fertilizers. Chemical fertilizers are generally diluted 1 000 10 000 times, and for seedlings and sprouts, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is generally 3:1

1. The growing plant is 1:1:1.

If the orchid plant is better flowering, it is better to use 1:3:1, plus an appropriate amount of trace elements.

The ratio of the above nutrients is the ratio of the actual nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which is different from the calculation of the phosphorus and potassium oxide content specified in the labeling of agricultural fertilizers, and the content of absorbable fertilizers is low, that is, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are insufficient. Some orchid fertilizers can meet the needs of cultivation. It can also be prepared with analytical purity chemistries.

2) Fertilization method. Orchids should be fertilized with care so as not to damage the roots and cause death. It is generally not advisable to use basal fertilizer, and a poor grasp of the dosage will cause the accumulation of toxic salts, resulting in root damage

Foliar fertilizer with high fertilizer efficiency, low dosage and easy to use can be sprayed on the foliar surface with a fine nozzle, and the concentration is rather dilute and the frequency is more, not too dense and too long. Usually in spring and summer, it can be done once a week, and the dilution factor can be larger: or it can be combined with watering, and the water can also clean the retained fertilizer, which is more effective.

Fertilization should be diligent and light, avoid sudden and thick.

The fertilization season generally starts in late spring and stops in late autumn, and some species can be earlier. The fertilization time should be moderate (above 10), and fertilization above 30 or below 10 should be avoided. If the temperature is too high, fertilization will harm the orchid itself; If the temperature is too low to apply fertilizer, it will not be easy to absorb and waste fertilizer.

Organic fertilizer is best for orchids

Orchid fertilization with organic fertilizer is the best, such as cake fertilizer, fish bones, orange stalks, fallen leaves, grass, human and animal manure, etc., which can add enough nutrients to orchids, and the fertilizer effect is relatively moderate. Organic fertilizer is mainly used as a base fertilizer, which should be sterilized and insecticidal, fully fermented, and mixed into the soil when potting to ensure good nutrient supply. It can also be used as top dressing, where you can dig a pit in the soil around the roots of the orchid and apply fertilizer to cover the soil.

When using organic fertilizer, orchids can be sterilized and disinfected in advance, which needs to be fermented first, and then steamed at high temperature to kill germs and insect eggs, and should be applied diligently with thin fertilizer.

Growing environment

1. Temperature

The most suitable temperature for orchid growth is between 20 and 30, so it prefers a warm environment, and it should be careful to keep warm in winter. Orchids grown in the wild have better soil temperature regulation and are potted.

Orchids need to pay attention to the surrounding environment must not be lower than 0, and it is best to keep it in more than 5 places in winter, otherwise it is easy to freeze damage. In summer, it should be placed in a cool and ventilated place, and the temperature should not exceed 32.

2. Illumination

In the wild, orchids generally grow on shady hillsides, where they need sunlight but are afraid of direct sunlight. Therefore, it is best for potted orchids to receive more than 14 hours of light per day, otherwise it is easy to affect the differentiation of flower buds, and the leaves will become relatively thin, and then appear yellowing and wilting. In summer, pay attention to shade or put it in a cool place, otherwise its leaves will be sunburned.

And if the leaves are dehydrated too much, the entire plant may face wilting and death.

1. Shiitake mushroom soil.

Among the most practical fertilizers for orchids, shiitake mushroom soil ranks first, and the slightly acidic mushroom soil can provide sufficient nutrients for orchids, and its fertilizer effect period is longer than that of general fertilizers. The use of shiitake mushroom soil can make the root system of the orchid develop and thus grow strongly.

2. Chaff charcoal.

Chaff charcoal is also a good orchid fertilizer, the alkaline chaff charcoal is treated into neutral and then planted in orchids, which can effectively supplement the potassium required by orchids in the growth process, and can keep warm and prevent soil agglomeration, so that orchids grow better.

3. Bone char. Bone char is also a kind of fertilizer used in orchids, rich in phosphorus, when planting orchids, bone char mixed in the soil, can quickly fertilize the effect, and can supplement the phosphorus elements needed in the growth of orchids, so that orchids flourish.

4. Grass juice.

For orchids, adding a small amount of grass juice during the growth process can also promote their growth. Generally, the grass is chopped, then mixed with the soil and sealed, and it can be applied to the potting soil for maintenance after it is exposed to the sun and so it is ripe.

5. Animal hoof horn fertilizer.

The hooves of poultry are treated, and then fermented at a temperature of more than 25 after adding water, and then the fermented juice is extracted, and water is added at a ratio of 1:20 for dilution.

6. Fermented cake fertilizer.

When fertilizing orchids, you can also choose fermented cake fertilizer, which is also a fertilizer that can play a good role. To make fermented cake fertilizer, you can mix soybean cake, peanut cake and hemp seed cake, soak it in water and ferment it, and then ferment it when it smells.

7. Soybean oil. Soybean oil is also an excellent fertilizer for orchids, which can make the leaves of orchids more shiny. Generally, soybean oil is applied in spring and autumn, insert a few small holes around the orchid, and then drip 3 5 drops of soybean oil to make it grow better, or sunflower oil can be selected for application.

What fertilizer is good for orchids? Learn these "basics" first, and then don't be afraid of not being able to raise it well.

First, organic fertilizer (special orchid) refers to cake fertilizer, after all, although the fertility of other organic fertilizers in the countryside is good, but it is obviously not suitable for raising orchids, at least the smell is unbearable. The application of cake fertilizer on orchids has a very obvious effect on the growth of orchid seedlings, and the leaves are thick and green, straight and elegant. It also has a good effect on promoting the pregnancy buds and flowering of orchids.

But the cake fertilizer is not harmless, the use must go through a long time of making, although there is a way to soak water and water the flowers, but the effect is not as good as the mixed planting material after the maturity. If there is no ripe cake fertilizer in the pot, there will be a phenomenon of fermentation again and rotten roots. Moreover, uncooked cake fertilizer can easily lead to orchid disease (miscellaneous bacteria are more likely to breed).

2. Chemical fertilizers can be applied in the planting of orchids (except for chlorine), and fertilizers with different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can be used according to the different stages of orchid growth. The ternary fertilizer is generally 17% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, of which potassium is in the form of potassium sulfate. The effect of chemical fertilizer application in orchid pots is very fast, and the fertility can be clearly felt within 7 days, the leaves begin to turn green, and the growth rate of new seedlings is significantly accelerated.

The disadvantage of chemical fertilizers is that it is easy to cause premature aging of orchids, especially some older orchid seedlings. And be especially careful when using it, otherwise there is a risk of fertilization.

3. Biological fertilizer This is the fertilizer used more by Lanyou in recent years, and it does not contain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which are essential elements for plant growth. The main function of biological fertilizer is only to mobilize the active ingredients in the soil to activate it and make it easier for plants to absorb and utilize. Biological fertilizer is simple and convenient to use, and can be mixed in the planting material when planting orchids, and there will be no disadvantages of fertilizer.

This fertilizer is not effective, and there must be a premise, that is, the planting material itself has its own fertility, so that it can be actively mobilized. If a purely inorganic planting material is used, the use of biological fertilizer is basically ineffective.

When preparing orchid planting materials, you can consider adding some materials with their own fertility, and mix them with some biological fertilizer when planting. In the spring and autumn of each year, you can apply some mature organic fertilizer, which has a long-lasting effect. In the peak season of orchid growth (mainly spring and early summer), chemical fertilizers can be applied to promote the germination and pregnancy buds of orchid plants.

The growth of any plant is separated.

Without the three fertilizers of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, orchids are the same. Nitrogen fertilizer is mainly to help the stems and leaves of the plant grow more vigorously, and the leaves will be green and shiny, phosphate fertilizer is mainly to promote the development of the root system of the plant, promote the growth of leaf buds and flower buds, and potassium fertilizer can make the plant grow more robust and help the plant resist diseases and pests.

These three fertilizers are indispensable, so when breeding orchids, it is best to apply all these three fertilizers to orchids, in addition to orchids in the process of growth, they also need more than ten kinds of nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, etc., but under normal circumstances, the planting material contains these elements, so there is no need to prepare deliberately. I hope to adopt!

To fertilize orchids, apply thin fertilizer, do not apply thick fertilizer, there is a saying of "clear orchids, turbid jasmine". Newly planted orchid plants should not be fertilized in the first year; Fertilization begins after Qingming in the second year until the beginning of autumn. Fully decomposed thin pancake fertilizer can be applied 1 or 2 times a month.

Since orchids are fleshy roots, do not apply unrotted fertilizers to avoid root rot. Before each fertilization, the water should be controlled for 1 2 days, and the potting soil should be slightly dry before application. Water the next morning to prevent the fertilizer from contaminating the roots and causing damage to the roots.

When applying liquid fertilizer, care should be taken to avoid splashing the leaves. For orchid plants that have reached flowering age after several years of cultivation, nitrogen fertilizer is mainly applied in the early stage to promote the germination and rapid growth of new shoots. In the later stage, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was mainly applied, which was conducive to the enlargement of pseudobulbs, wide and thick leaves, and provided sufficient nutrients for flower bud differentiation. Specifically, it is advisable to apply liquid fertilizer mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizer twice in a row before flower bud differentiation in autumn every year. During the budding stage, wash the leaves with water in the evening on a sunny day, and then spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the leaf surface and leaf back with a small sprayer after drying, or apply grass ash water to the roots.

At this time, extra-root fertilization is beneficial to promote the development of roots, stems and flowers of orchids. Do not fertilize on rainy days, and stop fertilizing during dormant periods in winter. About 20 days after flowering, apply two more liquid fertilizers or compound fertilizers based on nitrogen fertilizers to promote plant growth.

The fertilizers suitable for orchids are organic fertilizers, inorganic fertilizers, water-soluble fertilizers, and special slow-release fertilizers.

1. Inorganic fertilizer.

Inorganic fertilizers, that is, chemical fertilizers, can be applied appropriately during the growth stage of orchids. Chemical fertilizers are mainly nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be applied, urea solution can be diluted with water 150-200 times, the roots of orchids are watered, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is diluted 200 times with water and the leaves are sprayed.

2. Organic fertilizer.

Orchid flowers are mainly applied to organic fertilizers for a long time, such as cake fertilizer, fish bones, orange stalks, fallen leaves, grass, human and animal manure, etc., which can also add enough nutrients to orchids, and the fertilizer effect is relatively mild. Organic fertilizer is mainly used as a base fertilizer, when using sterilization and insecticide, full fermentation, mixed into the soil when potting, to ensure a good supply of nutrients, can also be used as top dressing, can be dug in the soil around the roots of orchids, fertilizer is applied into it, covering the soil.

3. Water-soluble fertilizer.

Orchids can also apply water-soluble fertilizer, mix water-soluble fertilizer with water, and then water the roots of the orchid, water-soluble fertilizer can promote the roots to fully absorb nutrients.

4. Special slow-release fertilizer.

Orchid special slow-release fertilizer is lazy people, the messenger group is simple, the fertilizer effect is long-lasting and mild, will not cause any damage to the root system of the orchid and the bud of the plant, generally used once, the fertilizer effect can be up to half a year, can effectively promote the growth and robustness of the orchid roots, pay attention not to use excessively, otherwise it will cause root burning.

Precautions for orchid fertilization

Orchid fertilization should be carried out in sunny weather, the temperature is better at 15-30 degrees of fertilization, fertilization time in spring and autumn, other seasons can not be buried in the mu, spring and autumn is the season for orchid germination and growth, suitable for fertilization, each season can be applied 2-3 times, each time the interval is about half a month.