Take the action of flowing water and wind as an example to illustrate how external forces shape th

Flowing water has an erosive effect on the terrain of the alpine plateau. It has a stacking effect in plain areas. As a result of weathering, the rock is destroyed, not only the block becomes smaller, but also the chemical change is underway, forming a weathered crust that is very different from the original rock, and producing loose detrital material.

Flowing water has an erosive effect on the terrain of the alpine plateau. It has a stacking effect in plain areas. Wind erosion will form wind erosion castles and Gobi, and wind accumulation can form deserts.

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1. Flowing water landforms include flowing water erosion landforms and flowing water accumulation landforms.

1. Flowing water erosion landform: Flowing water erosion deepens and widens the valley bottom and riverbed, forming a V-shaped valley, breaking the slope and forming a surface form of ravines and ravines. "Red Desert", "Rocky Desertification"; In the limestone area, karst landforms such as funnels, underground rivers, karst caves, stone forests, and peak forests are formed, and the surface surface is generally rugged, and the surface water is easy to seep.

2. Flowing water accumulation landform: alluvial fan (mountain pass), delta (estuary), alluvial plain (middle and lower reaches) are formed.

2. Wind landforms include wind erosion landforms and wind accumulation landforms.

1. Wind erosion landform: wind erosion and abrasion, forming Gobi, wind erosion depressions, wind erosion columns, wind erosion mushrooms, wind erosion castles, etc.

2. Wind accumulation landform: the formation of sand dunes (static dunes, moving dunes) and loess accumulation at the edge of the desert.

First, the effect of flowing water.

Flowing water erodes the surface rock and soil, transports the loose material on the surface and its eroded material and the water-dissolved material, and finally deposits the transported material due to the weakening of the kinetic energy of the flowing water, which is collectively referred to as flowing water.

Second, the effect of wind.

The process of wind shaping the surface morphology is manifested in the wind erosion, transport and accumulation of surface materials by wind.

The steep ridge between two glacial valleys is called the Blade Ridge; At the source of the glacier, the bucket-shaped depression formed by ice and snow erosion is called the cirque The sharp peaks between multiple cirques are called the horn peaks The blade ridges, horn peaks, and cirque landforms of glacial erosion; karst landforms formed by water erosion; Rivers in mountainous areas flow out of mountain passes, and a large amount of gravel and sediment accumulate in front of the mountain to form alluvial fans or alluvial fans; alluvial fans formed by the deposition of flowing water; Wind erosion mushrooms so chosen: c

Both flowing water and wind can form erosion and sedimentary landforms.

Flowing water erosion is widespread and can form karst landforms in valleys, canyons, waterfalls and limestone areas. For example, the Loess Plateau, the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, the Hukou Waterfall, the karst landform of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, etc. In the process of flowing, the flow velocity decreases, and the materials transported in the water are deposited, forming foothill alluvial fans, river valley plains and estuarine deltas.

For example, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Plain and the Yangtze River Delta in China.

Wind erosion is more common in arid areas (also exists in coastal areas), and wind erosion can form landforms such as wind erosion mushrooms, wind erosion columns, wind erosion castles, wind erosion depressions, wind erosion valleys, and Yadan landforms. When the wind slows down, the material carried by the wind is deposited, forming deserts, dunes, ridges and loess. For example, there are many crescent-shaped sand dunes and sand ridges in the Taklamakan Desert in Xinjiang, China, and the Loess Plateau in China.

Flowing water includes flowing water erosion, flowing water transport and flowing water sedimentation. They all form different landforms. Landforms formed by the erosion of flowing water:

The valley landforms, V'-shaped valleys, and waterfalls on rivers make the slopes relatively fragmented. Landforms formed by water transport and water sedimentation: river valley plains, estuarine deltas, piedmont alluvial fans.