Cabbage cultivation technology to promote early maturity? Cabbage cultivation techniques

Cabbage prefers a cool climate, with an average temperature of 18-20 and sunny conditions to grow best. -2 -3 can safely overwinter. Above 25, the heat is weak and susceptible to viral diseases, and only a few heat-tolerant varieties can be cultivated in the summer.

When the germinating seeds and greens of cabbage are below 15 and the temperature is below 15, vernalization is completed after a certain number of days, and the flower bud differentiation begins at the seedling end, while the leaf differentiation stops. Sprouts and blooms under conditions of long days and high temperatures. However, there are obvious differences in the requirements of different varieties for long sunshine.

Cash crop spraying = general = fast ripening, promote foliar photosynthesis and accelerate ripening.

Choose good breeds. High temperature, rainy or drought in summer, which is not conducive to the growth and development of summer Chinese cabbage, should be selected under high temperature and long sunshine conditions to set balls firmly, short shrinkage stems are not obviously elongated, disease resistance, varieties.

Cultivation and land selection. Choose plots with high terrain, good drainage and irrigation conditions, loose and fertile soil. Apply foot fertilizer and cultivate high ridges.

It is best to use garlic and shallots for the first stubble to reduce the harm of viral diseases. Avoid neighboring crops such as watermelon and tomato that are susceptible to viral diseases. Summer Chinese cabbage has a short growth period and fast growth, so more decomposed organic fertilizer should be applied to improve soil air permeability and fertilizer and water retention capacity.

Pest control. Summer Chinese cabbage is susceptible to soft rot and virus diseases, and aphids, cabbage worms, diamondback moths, ape leaf worms and other hazards are also serious. To prevent viral diseases, we should strengthen watering and moisture conservation at the seedling stage, kill aphids and weeds in time, and cut off the transmission route.

The new high-fat film sprayed by the pharmaceutical prevention and control department can shield the smell of pests and inhibit the replication of pathogens.

Fertilizer and water promote early. Fertilizer and water attack together, promote to the end, and do not slow down the seedlings. Top dressing should be done in small amounts several times.

Generally, an appropriate amount of irrigation and fertilization is applied at the seedling stage and after the seedling is set. At the rosette stage and the early stage of bulboeping, the bio-organic fertilizer with an appropriate amount of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer was applied on both sides of the ditch, and the ridges were properly cultivated and the vegetable stems were sprayed, which could activate the positive energy of plant ecological growth, broaden the path of plant ducts, improve the water and fertilizer absorption of plants, improve the yield and quality, and water 1 2 times after use.

Before planting cabbage, the soil needs to be tilled to increase the air permeability of the soil. Before sowing, bury the phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer in the soil, and the burial time is best the day before sowing; The excellent cabbage seeds are germinated, covered with a layer of fine sand on the soil after sowing, and watered once in the morning and evening after 3 days, and cabbage seedlings can grow after 7 days.

Before the cabbage planting technology, the planting soil needs to be ploughed, and the depth of the ploughing soil is about 5 cm to appropriately increase the air permeability of the soil; It is best to plough when there is sun, spray appropriate pesticides after ploughing, and clean up the germs and pests in the field.

Fertilization before sowing can provide nutrients for cabbage growth, and also minimize the normal harm of fertilizer to cabbage when fertilizing at the seedling stage; Try to choose diluted phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer for fertilization, mix the soil and fertilizer evenly, and the fertilization time is best carried out on the day before sowing.

Select the seeds of excellent varieties, and then put them in warm water for germination, pick them up and dry them after two hours, an acre of land needs about 150 grams of seeds, sow them out in the way of strip sowing, and use fine sand to spread evenly on the surface of the soil after strip sowing, and wet the soil with water.

Do not need to water for 3 days after sowing, wait for the seeds to adapt to the new environment; After 3 days, water once in the morning and evening, each time to ensure that the soil is moist, and seedlings can grow after about a week; The row spacing of seedlings should be kept at about 30*30 cm, so that they can be better illuminated.

Planting Chinese cabbage is suitable for in August, first to prepare the land and fertilize, so that the soil becomes loose and fertile, planting can take the strip sowing method or hole sowing method, after planting to cover a thin layer of soil, after the soil is slightly moist, Chinese cabbage seedlings should be seedling, and the time to set the seedlings, but also to apply water and fertilizer to it in a timely manner.

1. Planting time

Chinese cabbage planting needs to be carried out at the right time, it likes cold and cool climate environment, cold and not heat resistant, generally planted in autumn in August is the most suitable, should not be planted in the summer high temperature season, otherwise its quality and yield will be relatively low, but also easy to be infected with pests and diseases.

2. Soil preparation and fertilization

Chinese cabbage needs to be fertilized before planting, and some rotten organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer should be applied to the soil as base fertilizer, and at the same time, the soil should be deeply cultivated for 30-40 cm, so that the soil can become loose and fertile, and the soil will be leveled and raked finely and then ridged, so that it can be ready for planting.

3. Planting method

Chinese cabbage can be planted by strip sowing or hole sowing, strip sowing method is to open a shallow ditch in the ridge, and then scatter the Chinese cabbage seeds in the ditch, the hole sowing method is to sow the Chinese cabbage into the soil according to a certain plant spacing, sowing 5-6 seeds per hole, pay attention to the need to cover a thin layer of soil after sowing.

4. Management technology

After the cabbage is planted, it is necessary to do a good job of maintenance and management, at this time it is necessary to keep the soil slightly moist, and the seedlings should be pulled out in time after it emerges 5-6 days, and the seedlings should be determined according to the plant spacing of 50-60cm when the Chinese cabbage reaches the cluster tree stage, and the Chinese cabbage should be applied in a timely manner to promote its vigorous growth.

How to grow Chinese cabbage:1.Land Selection:

The root system of Chinese cabbage is shallow, and the absorption of water and fertilizer is basically concentrated in the shallow soil, so when selecting the soil, the soft loam soil should be considered first, which is conducive to the growth and development of the root system of Chinese cabbage and the realization of strong seedlings, but it should be noted that repeated planting of Chinese cabbage can effectively reduce the occurrence of soil-borne diseases.

2.Variety selection: There are many varieties of Chinese cabbage, which can be divided into three basic ecological types: straight tube type, round head type and round egg type, and the corresponding growth period is divided into early, middle and late three types. You also need to know this when choosing autumn cabbage.

Many farmers in the north want to plant one cabbage stubble and then late wheat, so the growing Chinese cabbage needs to be matured in advance. The key is to incorporate your planting plan.

Chinese cabbage in spring needs to be raised in a greenhouse and transplanted in a greenhouse. Autumn Chinese cabbage, you can directly plant the seeds on the sorted ridges, the front person steps on the mark, the back person sows the seeds, and then covers a thin layer of soil.

Growing cabbage has certain requirements for living conditions and management techniques, as follows:

When planting cabbage, you can turn over the loose and breathable soil to improve the drainage of the soil, and then sprinkle the seeds with full grains and no mildew and deterioration into it, and cover it with fine soil, and spray water on the soil surface once after sowing, so that the cabbage seeds can absorb enough water and sprout and grow as soon as possible.

To plant cabbage, choose a field that is ventilated and sunny, and the soil layer is loose and breathable, and use a hoe to turn the field deep to dry, eliminate weeds and pests, wait for the soil to whiten, and then mix urea, nitrogen fertilizer or rotten farm fertilizer to improve the fertility of the soil.

Cabbage should be sown and planted. Choose seeds with full grains, no deterioration and mold, sprinkle them in the pre-treated soil, and cover them with fine soil, and use a watering can to spray water on the soil surface after planting, so that the cabbage seeds can absorb enough water and grow better.

Cabbage likes cold, suitable for growing in a cooler environment, if the temperature of the environment is too high, you can spray water on the cabbage leaves, reduce the ambient temperature, so that the plant grows luxuriantly, in the cabbage growing season, it should be provided with nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, improve the growth rate of the plant.

<>1. Base fertilizer: at least 3500 kg of organic fertilizer, 15 kg of urea, 30 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 15 kg of potassium fertilizer should be applied per acre.

2. Sowing: The time is usually in mid-July, and the seeds of each hole are controlled at 5-6 grains, and then covered with soil.

3. Seedlings: seedlings will emerge 4-6 days after reasonable dense planting, and seedlings should be separated once in the middle of 3-4 true leaves.

4. Management: Do a good job of thinning seedlings, loosening soil, loosening soil, drought resistance, weeding and other work.

First, the base fertilizer

1. At least 3,500 kilograms of organic fertilizer, 15 kilograms of urea, 30 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer and 15 kilograms of potassium fertilizer should be used per acre.

2. The ground must be flat and fine, with high ridges.

2. Sowing

1. The sowing time is generally around July 15 to 17, peaking on the 20th, and basically ending on the 25th.

2. When sowing, we must carefully prepare the land for sowing in time, if the bottom of the soil is good and the surface is not good, you can first push the surface of the soil clean.

3. Sow the seeds in moist soil, and if the bottom is insufficient, be sure to water the poor surface.

4. When sowing, it is necessary to be accurate, the seeds of each hole are controlled at 5-6 grains, up to 6-7 grains, and each hole should be the same when covering the soil, generally covering 1cm.

3. Seedlings

1. The seedlings will emerge after about 4-6 days after reasonable dense planting, and the film must be destroyed when the seedlings emerge, so that the seeds can grow, and then use soil clods and seedlings to compact the small holes in the film to prevent combustion.

2. After the heart of the seedling is broken, the seedling should be planted once in the middle of 3-4 true leaves, and 5-6 true leaves.

Fourth, strengthen management and win a bumper harvest

1. When the earliest growth of cross-flowering seedlings must be carried out, leaving 3-4 trees per hole, the second time when the seedlings grow 4-5 leaves, 2 trees per hole, and the seedlings should be set when the cluster is planted, and 1 tree per hole should be left.

2. It is also necessary to loosen and plow the soil, loosen the soil, resist drought and remove weeds.

3. Scientific irrigation, in the autumn cabbage growth season, must be irrigated 4 times, first of all, cooling water, before the emergence of seedlings and then irrigation seedlings, irrigation of a small amount of water to prevent disease.

4. The second is to fix the seedlings and irrigate them in a timely manner, which can help the development of the root system, and then the rosette water, mainly to prevent root rot, keep water and dry, conducive to squatting seedlings, and prevent the length from being too long.

5. Finally, water and irrigate once every 7-8 days, and stop irrigation about 10 days before the later harvest.