How to prevent grapes from rotting and falling?

Now there are a lot of farmers who grow grapes in the countryside, and there will be such problems more or less, so I want to know how to prevent grapes from rotting and falling fruits? The first thing we should understand is what is the cause of rotten grapes and fruit drops?

Clause. First, the reason for the weather.

If it rains, it is easy to cause the occurrence of grape rot fruit drop, because it is easy to cause the air humidity to become larger, such as grape downy mildew, white rot, gray mold and other bacteria, basically like a humid environment, once the occurrence of even rain will appear such a bacterial infection, the harm is great, it will cause the occurrence of grape rotten fruit drop.

Clause. Second, the ventilation environment of grapes is poor.

If the grapes grow luxuriantly, then the ventilation and breathability of the grapes will be poor, and if there is too much panicle retention, poor ventilation and light transmission, it is easy to cause pests and diseases, and it will also cause the occurrence of rotten grapes and fruit drop.

Clause. 3. Caused by malnutrition.

If the seedlings are malnourished and the micro-fertilizer is insufficient, it can also occur. Correct application of organic or inorganic compound fertilizers can enhance the resistance of fruit trees to a variety of pests and diseases, and worsen the nutrition of stinging pests. Excessive nitrogen fertilizer, insufficient phosphorus, potassium and micro-fertilizer, and soil water accumulation will promote the occurrence of pests and diseases, resulting in fruit rot.

So after we understand the reasons for grape rot and fruit fall, let's understand how to prevent grape rot and fruit fall?

Clause. 1. Strengthen cultivation management.

1. Reasonable fertilization. To fertilize scientifically and reasonably, we must open a ditch and apply deeply, and ensure that organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are combined with each other, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are properly coordinated, and potassium fertilizer must be added to improve the disease resistance of plants.

2. In the growth period of grapes, it is necessary to remove more buds in time, tie vines in time, so that the grape seedlings have good ventilation and light transmission, and reduce the probability of disease. During the rainy season, it is important to do a good job of drainage in the vineyard to prevent damage caused by poor drainage.

Clause. 2. Remove overwintering germs in time.

1. Clean up the damaged branches and old vines in time after the grape harvest to enhance the ventilation and light transmission in the vineyard.

2. After winter pruning, clean up some things that are easy to breed germs such as side tips, tendrils, and stiff fruits left on the plant and shelf, and thoroughly clean up and destroy the dead branches and fallen leaves on the ground.

What is the reason for the rotten fruit of grapes, and why is the prevention and control effect good?

Grape rot is a phenomenon that tends to occur in the later stages of grape growth, which seriously affects the quality and yield of grapes, and causes great economic losses to farmers. What causes rotten grapes? How can it be prevented? Read on:

What causes rotten grapes?

1. Bacterial infection.

Generally, the main diseases that cause grape rot are white rot, anthracnose, and black rot also occurs in special years.

2. Malnutrition.

The tree is weak, partial nitrogen fertilizer, lack of potassium, calcium, trace elements; Excessive fruit hanging and large load lead to weak plant growth and reduced disease resistance.

3. The climate is humid.

Poor summer pruning leads to orchard canopy, poor ventilation and light transmission, excessive rainfall, and excessive relative humidity of soil and air, which accelerates the spread of diseases.

How to prevent and control grape rot.

1. Strengthen cultivation management.

Reasonable fertilization of pure nitrogen amount controlled at about 750 kg hectares, fertilizer should be applied in a timely manner, to prevent growth, to open a ditch and deep application, to achieve the combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer appropriate combination, to increase the application of potassium fertilizer, in order to improve the disease resistance of plants. It is best cultivated in facilities or in bags.

Timely topping, timely tying of vines During the growth period, the orchard should be well ventilated and transmitted to reduce the disease. At the same time, it is necessary to remove the secondary shoots in time to prevent the canopy from being too closed and reduce the occurrence and spread of diseases. At the same time, it is necessary to do a good job of drainage in the orchard after the rain to prevent water accumulation in the orchard.

After the grape harvest, remove the side shoots, cobs, tendrils, stiff fruits, etc. left on the plant and shelf surface in time, and completely remove the dry branches and fallen leaves that fall on the ground from the garden, and then burn them in a centralized manner.

2. Eliminate the pathogenic bacteria of overwintering.

1) After the grape harvest, remove the damaged shoots and old vines in time to enhance the permeability of the garden.

2) Combined with winter pruning, remove the secondary shoots, cobs, tendrils, stiff fruits, etc. left on the plant and shelf surface, and completely remove the dry branches and fallen leaves that fall on the ground from the garden, and then burn them intensively.

3. Pharmaceutical prevention and control.

Sprinkle on the ground to eliminate the source of bacteria For orchards with severe disease in the previous year, before the disease occurs, lime is sprinkled on the ground (the amount of pesticide application is about 75 kg hectares); Soil with a high pH value (above 7) can be sprinkled on the ground: 1 part of fumei, 1 part of sulfur powder, 2 parts of lime, mix the three evenly, sprinkle on the ground, the dosage is 15 30 kg hectares.

Spray protection Spray Bordeaux liquid during the growing season, spray once every 10 15 days to protect leaves, branches, fruit ears, etc., and reduce the chance of infection.

In case of white rot, anthrax and other diseases, it is necessary to prescribe the right medicine, but pay attention to the alternate use of drugs, not continuous single medication. 80% mancozeb wettable powder, 50% fumebi wettable powder, 40% mycloconazole wettable powder, 50% carbendazim wettable powder and other agents can be used alternately for prevention and control. In addition, in order to prevent pesticides from polluting the ears after fruit coloring, the concentration of pesticides should not exceed the standard.

1.Remove overwintering bacteria. (1) In autumn and winter, carefully remove small stiff fruits, diseased dead branches, and broken branches from the tree and burn them together.

2) Thoroughly scrape off the dry rot spots and tumors on the branches, and disinfect the wound with 40% Guokangbao 5 times solution or 2-5 times solution. (3) Before germination, spray 100 times 40% Guo Kangbao wettable powder or 50 - 80 times rot on the whole tree to prevent fruit rot. (4) Robinia pseudoacacia and poplar should not be planted near orchards to prevent the spread of pathogens to fruit trees and aggravate the occurrence of anthracnose and ring disease.

2 .Strengthen management and improve the disease resistance of trees. (1) Reasonable pruning to improve canopy ventilation and light transmission conditions. (2) Avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, and pay attention to the reasonable combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.

Apply organic fertilizer as much as possible, and press the orchard to green in July and August to enhance the vitality of the trees. (3) Pay attention to irrigation during drought to increase the nutrient storage of trees and improve disease resistance. The specific irrigation time is before freezing, before budding and flowering, after flowering and during fruit expansion.

3 .Spray insecticide at the right time. Fungicides are sprayed every 10-15 days, but the exact time depends on the amount of rainfall.

Spray more when there is a lot of rainfall and less when there is little rainfall. The types of drugs include fungicides, systemic agents and protective agents, among which: Dasheng M-45 is a highly effective fungicide that needs to be sprayed before rain and has a protection period of about 10 days.

2) Systemic agents include carbendazim and tobuzin. This is effective if there is no rain within 24 hours of spraying. If it rains, it must be sprayed again.

3) The protective agent is Bordeaux liquid, which must be sprayed within 3 days after the rain. When the liquid is wet, the lime solution must be replenished or sprayed.

This is a disease that can be prevented by cutting off diseased fruits and branches and burying them deep to prevent cross-infection. Sweeping the fallen leaves in autumn, then cutting off the diseased branches and burying them, can also play a leading role.

The prevention and control methods of grape rotten fruit are to promote rain-sheltered cultivation technology, the second is to promote the "V-shaped" or "high-width and hanging" pruning method, the third is to promote the plastic film covering technology, the fourth is to sprinkle pesticides on the ground to eliminate the source of bacteria, and the fifth is to spray for protection.

Timely budding, branching, topping, timely budding, branching and topping, can reduce nutrient consumption, promote the further development of inflorescences, and reduce rotten fruit drop.

1. Botrytis cinerea: the prevention and control of grape rot requires the application of phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer to increase the yield. 2. Anthrax:

Use a paper bag over the fruit to protect it from rain. 3. Acid rot: cut off the ears and fruits infected with the disease to avoid infection.

4. Black rot: sprinkle lime powder or sulfur powder around the grapes.

1. Botrytis cinerea

Grape rot may be caused by the plant infected with gray mold mold, gray mold will appear on the surface of the fruit, to prevent grape rot and fruit search, it is necessary to reduce the use of nitrogen fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, provide the plant with the nutrients needed for growth, make it more robust.

2. Anthrax:

The main disease of grape is anthracnose, which will cause the fruit to show small black spots in the shape of a ring, and orange-red mucus will appear at the small black spots in the humid environment.

3. Acid rot

Acid rot mainly occurs in the fruit coloring period of grapes, the prerequisite for the occurrence of the fruit is a wound, it will make the juice flow out of the wound and with acetic acid smell, the prevention and control of grape acid rot, the use of sharp scissors, the infected fruit ears and fruits are all cut off.

4. Black rot

When cultivating grapes, it is necessary to sprinkle lime powder, sulfur powder, Fumei and other agents around the ground to eliminate pests and germs and maintain the normal growth of grapes.

<>1. Black rot: It mainly occurs in the fruit ripening period, which can lead to fruit rot and fall. 2. Acid rot:

It occurs mainly during the fruit coloring period, after which the fruit will exude juice with an acetic acid taste. 3. Botrytis cinerea: Botrytis cinerrea infects grapes, causing moldy dots on the surface of the fruit, which is easy to rot when the fruit is ripe.

4. Anthrax: small black spots in the shape of rings appear on the surface of the fruit, and orange-red mucus will appear at the small black spots when the environment is humid.

1. What is the cause of grape rotten?

1. Black rot.

1) The disease mainly occurs during the ripening period of the fruit, and the fruit will rot and fall after the disease.

2) It is recommended to sprinkle lime powder, sulfur powder, and formabi on the ground during planting to kill germs and pests and ensure that grapes can grow normally.

2. Acid rot:

1) The disease mainly occurs in the fruit coloring stage, and the prerequisite for the occurrence is that there is a wound on the fruit, and the juice will flow out of the wound after the disease, with an acetic acid smell.

2) It is recommended to cut off all the infected fruit ears and fruit bends.

3. Botrytis cinerea.

1) Grapes are infected by Botrytis cinerea, resulting in gray mold-like substances on the surface of the fruit, which are easy to rot when the fruit is ripe.

2) It is recommended to reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and increase the application of phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer to provide sufficient nutrients for the plant and promote its healthy growth.

4. Anthrax.

1) The disease will cause small black spots to appear on the surface of the fruit, and orange-red mucus will appear at the small black spots when the environment is humid.

2) It is recommended to bag the fruit to prevent rainwater from splashing on the surface.

2. What are the prevention and control measures for grape rot?

1. Black rot.

1) Remove the source of overwintering, drain water in time, and increase organic fertilizer.

2) From June to September, spray 600 times of chlorothalonil liquid, or 800 times of 50% carbendazim, or 800 times of Tobuzin, or 1:1:200 times of Bordeaux solution.

2. Acid rot:

1) Plant disease-resistant varieties, rationally use or do not use hormone drugs, to prevent damage to the peel or cracking.

2) If the diseased particles are found, they should be removed in time and buried in a concentrated manner.

3) Since the beginning of the heading stage, spray 400 times of 80% Bordeaux solution, spray once every 10 days, and spray 3 times continuously.

3. Botrytis cinerea.

1) Before the budding of the plants in mid to early March, the whole garden was sprayed with 5 Baumé stone sulfur mixture.

2) Spray 600 times of 50% Fumei double wettable powder, or 300 times of 50% iprodione wettable powder.

4. Anthrax.

1) Cut off weak branches and diseased dead fruits in time, and bury them deeply or burn them in a concentrated manner.

2) Drain water in time, reduce humidity, tie vines and topping in time, and improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions between plants.

3) Before germination, spray 5 Baumé stone sulfur mixture; During the inflorescence separation period, 78% Kebo 800 times solution was sprayed; Before flowering leakage, spray 50% carbendazim 600 times; Before bagging, the ears were treated with 1200-1500 times of the solution.

The reasons for grape fruit fall include variety reasons, improper cultivation and management measures; The control methods include grape thinning, cutting the tip of the ear, and proper fertilization.

1. The reason for the fruit drop

1. Variety reasons.

Some varieties have the characteristics of incomplete ovule development genetically, with an ovule abnormality rate as high as 48, and its filaments are rolled backwards to the back, which is not conducive to pollination. Some of them have defective female flower structures, and some have degraded stamens, and if the pollinator tree is not properly arranged, it will cause flower and fruit drop.

In the early stage of grape growth, the tree body stores nutrients insufficiently, resulting in an increase in incomplete flowers, poor ovule development, and low pollen germination rate, resulting in fruit drop. Grapes have a large amount of flowers, and the consumption of water and nutrients is also very large, and when there is a lack of trace elements during the flowering period, the fertilization ability of the flowers decreases, which is also easy to lead to flower and fruit drop.

2. Improper cultivation management measures.

Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer before flowering, excessive irrigation during flowering, improper implementation of technical measures such as plastic pruning, new shoot binding, topping, and heading will lead to grape flower and fruit fall. Spraying during flowering can burn the stigma, affect fertilization, and lead to fruit drop.

Second, prevention and control methods

1. Grape thinning and cutting the tip of the ear.

For grape growing, it is necessary to properly thin the secondary panicles, and everyone should remove the secondary panicles on the fruit ears. Then carry out proper topping work, in order to ensure the growth of the fruit nutrition**, try not to leave so many branches, our local grapes are generally left about 3 branches.

Then the grape spike tip should be properly thinned, mainly for the over-dense grape spike and too long spike tip, which can not only promote the neatness of the fruit, but also prevent the grape fruit drop.

2. Proper fertilization.

For the fall of grapes and fruits, fertilization will also lead to grape fruit fall, we can in the early flowering stage of grapes, appropriate top dressing, basically based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, for the available nitrogen fertilizer is conducive to the nutrition of grapes, but to increase appropriately, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in 1: the first late mold 2:2 can effectively promote the growth of grapes and prevent fruit drop.

Precautions for viticulture

Grapes should be planted on plots with flat terrain, deep soil, loose and fertile soil, and apply well-rotted organic manure to the plot, and then deep plough the soil once to increase fertility and make the grapes grow more vigorously.

When planting grapes, dig a trench according to the row spacing of 30-40 cm and the distance between the plants 20 cm, then put the seedlings into the soil, fill the soil at the roots of the grapes, and water the root water once to make the root system firmly settled.

Grapes in the process of growth of the demand for water is very large, in the bud stage, flowering period, fruiting period to water it, to keep the soil moist, but in the rainy season to dig a lead ditch drainage, to avoid the phenomenon of grapes rotten roots.