Why are new materials an important guarantee for the sustainable development of human society?

New materials are an important guarantee for the sustainable development of human society. The output value of materials accounts for 1 3 of our country's GDP

When history enters the era of new technological revolution that began in the second half of the 20th century, and after the era of new technological revolution that began with new materials, new materials have become the cornerstone, propeller and breakthrough point for the development of various high-tech fields. The cornerstone, the thruster and the breakthrough.

Develop new materials and develop high-tech industries. Materials science and technology for the development of new industries. Materials science and technology serves the development of new materials, the improvement of existing materials and the rational use of materials.

What is Material? Materials are substances used by humans to make articles, devices, components, machines, or other products.

The properties of a material are always related to a certain use; can be composed of one or several substances; one or more substances; In nature, there are allotropes, such as diamond and graphite are both composed of carbon, but diamond is the hardest, insulating, graphite softest solid substance, conductive.

Classification of materials According to physical and chemical properties: metals, non-metals, polymer compounds, composite materials Metals (metals):

Metals contain a large number of electrons that can move freely. Therefore, metals are good conductors of heat and electricity. In addition, the metal has good strength and ductility as well as metallic luster. Ceramics:

Ceramics are usually made from a combination of metallic and non-metallic elements, and generally contain oxides, nitrides, and carbides. Ceramics are generally insulators and are relatively heat-resistant. Polymers:

Usually organic compounds based on carbon and hydrogen. Their molecular structures are all huge. Usually low density and unstable at high temperatures. Semiconductors:

Semiconductors have electrical properties that are intermediate between conductors and semiconductors. These properties are highly dependent on the impurities involved.

Composites:

It is made up of a variety of materials. Fiberglass, which is composed of glass and polymers, is an example. Concrete and polymer panels are other common composites. Many new materials, including ceramics and optical fiber materials, are composites.

According to composition and according to composition and structure: metal materials, inorganic non-metallic materials, polymer materials, composite materials.

By application: electronic information materials, aerospace materials, energy materials, biomedical materials.

Divided by performanceDivided by performance: structural materials, functional materials.

By application and by application and development: traditional materials, new materials.

Ecological sustainability is the material basis for the sustainability of social development. The natural environment is the basic material condition for human survival and development, and provides necessary natural resources and activity space for human beings. The natural environment is composed of various ecosystems on the earth, and the destruction of various ecosystems is equivalent to destroying the resource and environmental foundation on which human beings depend, and it is equivalent to destroying the sustainable foundation of human social development.

Social development is inseparable from the guarantee provided by natural ecosystems, without the raw materials, energy and information provided by natural ecosystems, it is impossible to change materials - labor, and once labor stops, society will inevitably end, let alone social development. It is on this basis that the World Commission on Environment and Development concludes in Our Common Future:"Broadly speaking, sustainable development strategies aim to promote harmony among human beings and between humans and nature.

The reason why capitalist industrial society is unsustainable is that its ecological sustainability has been greatly damaged by man, and the enormous wealth accumulation it has achieved is based on the large-scale consumption and excessive material consumption of non-renewable resources, mainly mineral and fossil resources. The unsustainability of its material base determines the unsustainability of the development of capitalist industrial society. On the contrary, socialist social harmony should not only strive to build a comprehensive harmony between man and nature and between man and man in the process of seeking sustainable social development, but also promote sustainable social development with comprehensive harmony between man and nature and man and man and provide a solid material foundation for sustainable social development.

In the process of seeking sustainable social development, the socialist harmonious society consciously introduces the relationship between man and nature to a new and higher level of harmony and stability, and promotes the natural ecosystem to achieve its own dynamic balance, so as to avoid the old path of capitalist industrialized countries that do not hesitate to destroy ecological sustainability and destroy the foundation of social development in order to pursue growth one-sidedly.

Yes, making building materials from renewable materials is one of the goals of sustainability. Reproducible materials refer to materials that can be recycled by nature or reproduced by artificial means, such as bamboo, hemp rope, wood, rubber, etc. Renewable materials can be recycled to reduce dependence on non-renewable resources, reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution, and promote sustainable development.

The use of renewable materials to make building materials can be coarse to reduce dependence on non-renewable resources, extend the life of resource storage towns, and reduce the burden on the environment. In addition, damage to the environment and ecology can also be avoided during the construction process. Therefore, the use of renewable materials to make building materials is a green practice advocated by sustainable development.

Yes, making building materials from renewable materials is one of the goals of sustainability. Renewable materials refer to raw materials that can be continuously replenished and regenerated through natural processes or artificial planting, such as bamboo, grass, wood, hemp, etc. Compared with traditional building materials, renewable materials have better environmental performance and sustainability, which can reduce the consumption of resources and environmental damage.

At the same time, the use of renewable materials to make building materials can also reduce the negative impact of building materials on the environment and energy consumption. For example, the use of natural bamboo or grass and hemp as building materials can effectively avoid environmental damage and energy consumption caused by the mining and processing of traditional materials such as stone, bricks, and bricks. In addition, the reuse and reuse of renewable materials can further reduce their environmental impact and achieve the goal of recycling and sustainability.

In summary, the use of renewable materials to make building materials is one of the important goals of sustainable development, which helps to promote environmental protection, energy conservation and sustainable use of resources.

The new materials have brought many benefits to human beings, and the impact on human life can be felt by everyone. Specifically:

Beautiful, such as some decoration materials, some chemical fiber materials; Comfortable, such as fabrics woven from various new chemical fiber products; Potato cracking energy, such as Zhiyuan insulation building materials; Safety, such as environmentally friendly decoration materials represented by paint, and so on.

The stage of human discovery, manufacturing and utilization of materials is gradually improving, which is also the process of continuous improvement of human intelligence. From the initial use of natural materials (such as trees, ores, etc.) to the manufacture of artificial materials according to human needs; From one era to another, from the Pottery Age to the Bronze Age, and then to the Iron Age, all of which have greatly contributed to the development and progress of human society. This strongly shows that the development of new material technology has a tremendous role in promoting the development of social productive forces.

Materials are the indispensable material basis for human survival and the cornerstone of human society. With the continuous emergence of new materials, the connection between materials and the environment has become better and closer, and this connection has made more and more attention to environmental protection issues.

Now, people often use green to represent environmental protection, so green materials are also called ecological environment materials; It can coexist in harmony with the ecological environment in the selection, manufacturing, use and recycling of raw materials, as well as waste treatment, and will not cause pollution. In 1988, the concept of green materials was first proposed and identified as one of the goals to be achieved by mankind in the 21st century.

Question Answers: (1) United Kingdom. (1 point) (2) The industrial bourgeoisie and the industrial proletariat are two classes that are directly opposed to each other.

1 point) (3) 1 point) (Wrong one is all wrong) (4) Train, electric light, computer one (or computer) (3 points) (5) Shenzhou series spacecraft, Chang'e series lunar exploration project, etc. (1 point) (6) Just make sense of what you say. (1 point) Question Analysis:

Question Analysis: (1) According to the material information "from the middle of the 18th century, industry used to shake the foundations of the old world", so it emphasizes the impact of industrialization, combined with the knowledge learned, Britain was the first to carry out the industrial revolution at that time. (2) Combined with what we have learned, the Industrial Revolution brought about a major change in social relations - new class relations emerged, and the industrial bourgeoisie and the proletariat became the two major classes of society.

With the growth of the economic power of the industrial bourgeoisie, the capitalist countries of Europe and the United States carried out social changes, further consolidating the rule of the bourgeoisie. (3) Combined with the knowledge learned, it is a steam engine, an electric light, an airplane, and a computer. It was an invention during the First Industrial Revolution, an invention during the Second Industrial Revolution, an invention during the Third Scientific and Technological Revolution.

4) Combined with the knowledge learned, during the first scientific and technological revolution, Watt made an improved steam engine, and the Englishman Stephenson then invented the train with the steam engine as the power; During the second scientific and technological revolution, mankind entered the "electric age", and Edison invented the electric light; During the third scientific and technological revolution, the application of electronic computers has greatly changed people's production and lifestyle. (5) Combined with the knowledge learned, China's science and technology in aerospace include the Shenzhou series of spacecraft and the Chang'e series of lunar exploration projects. (6) It is enough to put it into words.

For example, we should increase investment in science, technology, and education, attach importance to science and education, and actively introduce advanced foreign technology.

The total output value of China's new materials industry increased to one trillion yuan

New materials refer to the emergence of new materials with excellent properties and special functions, or due to the improvement of composition or process and significantly improved performance, or traditional materials with new functions, their research and development and engineering application rely on the comprehensive application of new principles, new methods, new technologies, new processes and new equipment.

In 2011, the total output value of China's new material industry was only one trillion yuan, and by 2019, the total output value of China's new material industry has increased to one trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase, and is expected to exceed 7 trillion yuan by 2021.

Statistics of the total output value of China's new materials industry from 2011 to 2019.

The future development of China's new materials industry has both opportunities and challenges

The new material industry is one of the seven strategic emerging industries in China, and it is the industrial foundation for the transformation and upgrading of the entire manufacturing industry. Driven by the dual drive of national policies and downstream markets, China's new material industry has maintained a rapid growth trend. However, the new materials industry is a knowledge-intensive, technology-intensive and capital-intensive emerging industry, which is not based on simple scale expansion but relies on unique excellent performance to win, which is closely related to new technologies; The research and development of new material products has the characteristics of large investment, long cycle and amplification of industrial risks, and has high barriers and risks, which are mainly reflected in:

Analysis of future development opportunities and challenges of China's new materials industry.

1)bcde

2) Matrix reinforcement (or support).

3) Limestone (4) Coke Iron ore Ironmaking blast furnace (5) Monomer.

1) The composite material is not an inorganic non-source metal material, but is composed of a matrix and a reinforcing body; Glass is a traditional non-metallic material. (2) The composite material collapse is composed of two parts: the matrix used for bonding and hail and the reinforcement. (3) The raw materials for the preparation of glass are limestone, soda ash and quartz; The materials used to prepare cement are clay and limestone.

4) The smelting of iron is generally made by blast furnace ironmaking. (5) Monomer polymerization into polymers.