If there are airplanes, why develop railways

1. Air tickets are expensive, and train tickets are relatively cheap.

2. The air transport capacity is limited, and there are few airports in the more important prefecture-level cities, and there are few flights, a small plane can only carry dozens to hundreds of people, and large planes are only 300 people.

Almost every prefecture-level city in the country has a railway station, and many counties also have a railway station. The passenger capacity of the train is very large, and an ordinary passenger car with an 18-car train has at least 1,000 seats and sleepers, in addition to station tickets; There are about 600 seats for a single EMU and 1,200 seats for two reconnected trains. Generally, large stations have dozens of trains every day; Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan, Guangzhou and other cities have at least 3 or more large stations.

Also, when it comes to the Spring Festival, there will be a tense situation that it will be difficult to find a ticket on the train.

3. Railways contain freight capacity that cannot be ignored. Bulky items such as rice, timber, coal, steel, gasoline, etc., are transported by train. The development of passenger dedicated lines has separated passenger trains from freight cars, increased the speed of passenger cars, and greatly improved freight capacity.

The air goods are generally more expensive fresh food or emergency supplies, which are high and the volume is small.

The cost of aviation is higher than that of rail. In some mountainous areas, it is also inconvenient for planes to take off and land, or because of the number of people in urban areas, railways can be laid all over the country, but aviation is different. Personal opinion.

Because, not everyone has the money to take a plane, and there are no airports in some places, there are many reasons

1. The initial stage of development, from about 1830 to around 1900. With the invention of the steam engine and the progress of rail production technology, the first stage of this high-rise celebration solved the key problems such as the power of railway development and rails, and promoted the great development of railways.

2. From about 1900 to around 1950. In this and collapse phases, the progress of railway technology mainly revolves around the progress of locomotive technology and the improvement of rail sections. The first was the advent of electric locomotives, which provided a clean impetus for the development of railways.

3. From 1950 to the present. From the 60s of the 20th century to the present, high-tech railways have taken the lead in land, sea and air transportation with their high speed and high transport efficiency.

Mainly, only one of the railways is in a monopoly position, and there is no corresponding competitor. There is no corresponding, almost the same enterprise that has been cultivated. In addition, it is the last bastion of the planned economy, which has certain national economic and military needs.

The competition of airplanes is mainly due to the substitution of other modes of transportation, such as Beijing to Shanghai, you can choose to take a plane, you can also do a train, you can also make a car; But it must be chosen according to each person's financial strength, time urgency. Generally speaking, when the mileage is more than 400 kilometers, the time advantage of the aircraft will be more obvious.

Airplanes can be operated by multiple airlines, but railways are currently operated by companies under the Ministry of Railways, and only some sections of the country are operated by private enterprises, so this has something to do with whether the state has liberalized its monopoly and formed a state-owned mechanism of competition.

The birthplace of modern railways is in the United Kingdom.

In 1765, James Watt, an Englishman who sought new power, summed up the experience of his predecessors and developed the world's first original power machine, the steam engine, which laid the foundation for the emergence of new means of transportation.

In 1814, Stephenson, a famous design engineer, designed and created a new steam locomotive, becoming the inventor of the modern train. In 1822, Britain built the world's first standard-gauge railway.

On September 27, 1825, the opening ceremony of the world's first standard-gauge railway was held at the Hilton Station in England. The grand parade consisted of five trains, the first of which was the "Voyage" locomotive, driven by Stephenson, the father of the famous steam locomotive, which consisted of a coal water car, 32 wagons and 1 passenger car; The remaining 4 trains consist of 1 horse drawn by 6 wagons. On the first train, there were 450 passengers and 10 wagons of coal and flour, with a total weight of 90 tons.

The maximum speed of the train is 20 24 kilometers per hour.

The length of the railway from Stockton to Linton is about 32 kilometers, and the line equipment bears little resemblance to today's railways, but its gauge is 1435 mm, so it is considered the world's first standard gauge railway. Due to the success of the train, 1825 was regarded as the birth year of the world's railways, and the railway from Stockton to Darlington was regarded as the world's first officially operating railway.

In the mid-19th century, London grew faster than any previous city. In the heart of this vast empire, it was almost the end of the day when thousands of new houses, shops, office buildings, and factories were built for the growing labor force. These people need to have a better means of transportation than the narrow streets can provide.

According to Charles Pearson, the answer is to build railroads underground. In 1843, he submitted his proposal to Parliament. However, it was not until 1863 that the short-distance "Metropolitan Railway" was finally opened.

However, even though the route is only 6.5 kilometres, the route was very successful, carrying 9.5 million passengers in the first year.

Other cities soon followed London's lead. The subway in Budapest was opened in 1896, Boston in 1897, Paris to the suburbs in 1900, and New York in 1904.

The first metro line was built using a "dug-cap" process, in which a deep trench was dug and then covered with a cap. The real "tubular railway", built in 1890, was built with a steel hoop propelled by a hydraulic punch to drill through the earth.