How did Xu Xiake reach the top

Wangxian Pavilion - Hufengkou - Sleeping Palace - Flying Grottoes - Beiyue Hall - Huisendai.

The first paragraph briefly describes the departure time and weather conditions. There is a description in the narrative, "the wind is clear, clear and clear", it is really a good weather without wind and clouds.

The second paragraph details the journey to the top of the mountain. The scenery, the names of the places, and the distances between them are all written in great detail. Its scenery, place name is roughly expected to be Xianting, Hufengkou, "Shuofang First Mountain" archway, dormitory, flying grottoes, Beiyue Palace, Hui Sendai and other places, the author step by step a scene, the description is vivid, eloquent.

Although they are simple figures, they also have their own characteristics. For example, if you write loose, then "pine shadow sieve yin"; Write the Beiyue Palace, is "the upper negative cliff, the lower side of the official house, His Royal Highness's cloud-level insertion into the sky......"Write Sendai, "Taichung is like a group of immortals, and there is no gap in the ring."

The image of the scenery is vividly displayed in the pen, and it is vivid after reading. The journey to the summit is the most detailed. Write its steep, "the two cliffs are broken, and the grass is a thousand feet in the middle", "out of the precipice, looking up at the top, it is still half a day"; Write that it is difficult to climb, "the mountain is full of short trees, and the wood is withered and bamboo, but it can hook the collar of the clothes, climb and break it, although it is diligent, if it falls into the flood, it can't come out", it can be seen that it is not easy to reach the top.

However, "Yu Yi drummed up bravely, and after a long time, he reached the top." The spirit of a geographer and traveler who experienced the mountains and rivers of the motherland and surveyed the landforms and landscapes can be seen from this.

The third paragraph writes about the view from afar after reaching the summit. First wrote about the characteristics of Shanbei: "It is a mountain, soil and mountains without trees, but there are rocky mountains."

The north is full of stones, so the trees are in the north. This phenomenon was later explained by someone that Shanxi was dry and rainless, and the south of the mountain evaporated more from the sun, although there were few trees in the soil and mountains; The northern part of the mountain is a shady slope, and the snow melts for a long time, and there is little evaporation, so it is relatively wet, although there are many rocks, and many trees grow. This kind of analysis is scientific, and Xu Xiake made meticulous and accurate observations, but did not give an in-depth explanation, which is a little regrettable.

There is also Hunyuan City in the north of the mountain, which is passed by. Looking south, "South Wei Longquan"; Looking to the west, "the west is only five Taiwans". The two mountains are blue, and Heng Mountain is a companion.

There is also Longshan Mountain in the "West", and "Zhifeng in the East". In this way, the geographical location of Heng Mountain is clearly written, and the entire mountain system is clear at a glance.

The fourth paragraph describes the situation from the west peak down the mountain to the Flying Grotto. It's hard to go up the mountain, and it's even harder to go down. I couldn't find a way down the mountain for a while.

Suddenly looking back at the east, there is a person fluttering on the top, because of the repetition of its place to ask, pointing to the southeast pine and cypress between, looking around, it is the top of the cliff behind the sleeping palace when it is up. That's when I found the way I came up the mountain. Going down the mountain is also observing, and it is found that the pine and cypress from the top of the mountain are seen from afar, "such as garlic leaves and grass stems, and so far they hug the sky, and the pines and cypresses of the tiger wind mouth are a hundred times larger."

It's really different perspectives, different distances, and very different scenes. According to the passers-by, they soon arrived at the Flying Grotto. Check "Xu Xiake's Travels", and then there are a few sentences, remembering that from the cliff of the Hanging Temple, to Xiguan in Hunyuan Prefecture, the tour of Hengshan lasted three days (nine, ten, eleven) and ended here.

This excerpt is a diary of the 11th ascent of the main peak of Heng Mountain.

Theme] The narrative of "The Story of Traveling to Heng Mountain" describes the author's journey to the top of Heng Mountain, showing that Xu Xiake is not afraid of hardships and dangers, is not afraid of hard work, and has the courage to explore and practice.

Hope that helps.

Chivalry, look at history, many poets are chivalrous, especially those who write travelogues. So the guess is flying up.

[sic].Mountaineering Xu, the flying stream is pouring down. Overlooking it, there is also a dangerous wall, the spring is half protruding from the wall, and the sparse bamboo is shaded, which is very good. However, he had already ascended, and he didn't have time to look back, so he went up half a mile from Sangu to replace the bone rock, and the rock was the back cliff of the Manting Peak.

There is an hermitage in front of the rock. From the rock back to the suspension ladder two floors, but also climb a rock. The rocks are not very deep, but surround the top of the mountain like a stacked mountain.

The new natives use wooden planks to follow the rock as the room, and the straight and high rise turn with the rock. ——Excerpt from "Xu Xiake's Travels".

Note

Sangu: The name of the place. Mantei Peak: The name of the mountain.

【Translation】Dismantling the gripAfter climbing the mountain and walking for more than a mile, I saw the mountain spring gurgling down. Leaning down to get a bird's-eye view, there is also a towering rock wall, and the clear spring water rushes out from the halfway point of the rock wall, and there is a sparse bamboo forest nearby, which makes people very interested. However, has climbed the Sangu Peak, Chang Yu has no time to return to patronize, so from the Sangu Peak and go up half a mile again, arrive at the bone change rock, the bone change rock is the back cliff of the Manting Peak, there is a nunnery in front of the bone change Naina rock.

From the two layers of hanging ladders erected behind the bone changing rock, another hanging rock is ascended. The overhanging rocks are not very deep, and they surround the top of the mountain like a stacked peak. The locals used wooden planks to build their houses along the rock walls, some curved, some straight, some high, some low, all along the rock walls.

[Introduction]."Mountaineering Xu" comes from the late Ming Dynasty geographer Xu Xiake's "Xu Xiake's Travels", which is Xu Xiake's visit to Huangshan, that is, after entering Chong'an, Fujian, and began his journey to Wuyi. Wuyi Mountain, now known as Wuyi Mountain, is located in the south of the first city of Chong'an, Fujian 15 kilometers, is a low mountain about 600 meters above sea level, a radius of 60 kilometers, there are 36 peaks arranged on both sides of Wuyi River, take a boat to swim the stream, you can enjoy the victory of mountains and rivers at the same time.

Xu Xiake has traveled to 21 provinces in his life, has been to many famous mountains and rivers, rivers, lakes and seas, and recorded the situation of mountains and rivers in detail, customs and customs, which has very important humanistic and historical value, and is a rare cultural treasure for us!

Xu Xiake is lucky, but also happy, although the Xu family is a Jiangnan family, the family is rich, but his father is not harsh on his son's education, found that his son has no intention of fame, his father does not force it, and supports his son to do what he wants to do.

After his father died, Xu Xiake wanted to travel to famous mountains and mountains to realize his dream. But I was reluctant to go to my mother at home, and I never set off.

The mother saw what was on her son's mind and encouraged him to go if he wanted to......Xu Xiake said goodbye to his mother and began to travel for 30 years, and his mother did not accuse him of half a sentence.

Xu Xiake can be said to be nine deaths in the cloud travel, there was no ropeway in Huashan at that time, there was no military coat in Huangshan, and there was no roasted sausage ...... Xiling Snow Mountain

In the late Ming Dynasty, social turmoil, bandits, Xu Xiake, as the top rich second generation, could have spent his life without worrying about food and clothing, but he spent most of his life on the journey, leaving a cultural treasure that has been passed down through the ages, the historical value of "Xu Xiake'......s Travels" must not need me to add more, *** once said that it is not only a scientific book but also a literary bookIn that ancient time, when most people had never been out of the county in their lives, Xu Xiake could be said to have stepped on the Milky Way.

Some people may say that it is not because he is rich. There were many rich nobles in the late Ming Dynasty, but most of them were just talking about women, and there were not many of them through the ages.

In the end, Xu Xiake is an amazing person, a person with ideals, and at the same time a happy person.

In the 14th year of Ming Chongzhen, Xu Xiake died of illness at home at the age of 54. Three years later, the Qing army entered the customs, and then the Jiangnan chaos ......Xu Xiake is also lucky.

From the northeast of Nanzhai file Zen turn, down the soil mountain, suddenly see the tiger track (tiger footprints) as big as rising. The grass is reckless and travels five or six miles, and the thatched hermitage is obtained, and the rice carried by the stone cooker is porridge, and three or four bowls are sipped, and the hunger and thirst are gone. Qian'an monk is the leading dragon pond road.

The next peak, the peak ridge is gradually narrowing, the soil and stones come out, the thorns and vines are in the clouds, the hanging branches are in line, and the sudden stones are cut thousands of feet, and the momentum is unstoppable. Turning upward, the peak winds downward, and the stone is cut back as before. It is a few miles back and forth, but it is a detour, and five miles and the road, then Longtan ditch also.

Looking up at the place where you got lost, the cliffs and rocks are all on the cliffs. The flowing spring is thin in it, and the gloomy and new mountains of the cliffs and rocks (Jié Mountain is high) are scattered into a glow. The gorge is swirling, and the two cliffs are quiet rooms like the peak house swallow base.

Where five miles, a dragon pond is suspicious, deep and unregulated (measured) to zhang. After passing through the two dragon ponds again, then out of the gorge, staying in Shaolin Temple.

On the 24th, go northwest from the temple, pass the Gan terrace, and pass the first ancestral nunnery. Four miles in the north, on the five breast peaks, explore the first ancestral cave. The hole is two zhang deep, and the width is killed (that is, the width is not as deep as the depth), and the wall is also facing in the ninth year of Bodhidharma.

The cave gate is adjacent to the temple and faces the small room. There is no spring in the earth, so there is no dweller. Down to the first ancestral nunnery, the nunnery for the Bodhidharma shadow stone.

The stone is less than three feet high, white and black, like a statue of a monk. The six ancestors of the nave planted cypress, the big has been surrounded by three people, and the inscription is brought from Guangdong to the good bowl. Jiaqi Ersongya Shaolin.

Shaolin pines and cypresses are all repaired, not like the Yue Temple Yanfu coiled, this pine is the same. Down to the Gan terrace, the soil rises up, and there is a Tibetan scripture hall. **The calendar hall is threefold, and the stele is scattered, and the eyes are dizzying.

After the Thousand Buddha Palace, majestic and rare. Out of the meal Ruiguang Venerable House. Riding to Dengfeng Road, passing through Xuanyuan Ridge, staying in Datun.

On the 25th, fifty miles to the southwest, the hill was suddenly broken, that is, Yique also, Yishui came south to pass under it, and the depth can float several stone boats. Yique Liangang, east and west, wooden bridges on the water. Crossing to the west, the cliff is even more dangerous.

A mountain is split into a precipice, and the precipice is full of Buddha engraved on it. There are dozens of big holes, and dozens of feet high. The cliff outside the big hole goes straight to the top of the mountain, and the top has a small hole, and the cave has a Buddha inside.

Although the size of the skin, there is no dissatisfaction, and it is impossible to count (this is described, that is, the famous Longmen Grottoes). On the left side of the cave, the spring flows down from the mountain, and the confluence is a square pool, and the rest flows into Yichuan. The mountain is not as high as a hundred zhang, and the clear stream is endless, which is difficult for this place (a rare scene).

Yique Mo shoulder to shoulder hub (refers to the continuous very prosperous), for Chu, Henan Avenue, northwest Liguan, Shaanxi. Yu took Xiyue Road from here.

He has traveled to most of China, covering East China, North China, Central South and Southwest China. It includes 16 provinces including Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou and Yunnan, covering 3 cities of Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai.

Walk all over Mount Tai, Putuo, Tiantai, Yandang, Jiuhua, Huangshan, Wuyi, Lushan, Huashan, Wudang, Luofu, Panshan, Wutai, Zhushan, Hengshan, Jiuzhi and other famous mountains.

Swim in Taihu Lake, Minjiang River, Yellow River, Fuchun, Minjiang River, Jiuli Lake, Qiantang River, Xiaoshui, Xiangshui, Yujiang River, Qianjiang River, Huangguoshu Waterfall, Panjiang River, Dianchi Lake, Erhai Lake and other waters.

During the long journey, Xu Xiake mostly walked forward in order to investigate accurately and meticulously. Wearing the stars and wearing the moon, sleeping in the open air, he overcame the dangers and obstacles he encountered with tenacious fighting spirit, and no matter how tired his body was and how bad the conditions were, he insisted on writing a diary every day.

These travel diaries recorded his travel experience, investigation and experience, and left valuable geographical materials for future generations.