What kind of ornamentation did jade objects in the Qing Dynasty have?

The ornamentation of ancient jade is the "symbol" of jade, and the jade of all dynasties has its specific symbols, and almost every dynasty has new ornaments and old ornaments disappear. But there are also "vitality" tenacious ornaments, even spanning the entire history of jade culture.

Qing Dynasty jade collection of achievements in the history of jade carving, especially in the Qianlong period, in the palace set up a special office, the selection of jade raw materials is many and fine, the jade quality is white and delicate, the shape of many varieties, large and small utensils, ornamentation is also various. At the same time, the craftsmanship strives to be exquisite and meticulous, regardless of working hours, and most of the patterns are taken from the paintings of famous artists, so the jade quality, modeling and craftsmanship of the Qing Dynasty are very exquisite.

Qing Dynasty jade adopts the method of opening light, organizing different themes inside and outside the light, and setting off each other to form a perfect picture. You can also see a variety of flower patterns, deformed geometric ornamentation, lotus pattern and back pattern are used more commonly, the content of the pattern contains auspicious longevity, wealth and other meanings, some patterns are also embellished with Lu, longevity, blessing, auspicious, double happiness and other words. The expression methods of the pattern include openwork, vertical carving, embossing and openwork, but generally use bas-relief or plane subtraction methods.

There are also Yin line carving, Yin line inner gold, and there are gold inlaid gems on the pattern, which is even more brilliant.

The innovation of jade modeling in the Qing Dynasty is mainly reflected in the direct expression of natural scenes, there are many carved patterns of branches and fruits of plants, which truly reproduce the scenery of nature, and the subject matter is extremely wide, famous mountains and rivers, flowing clouds and waterfalls, layers of mountains and mountains, green pines and bamboos, all of them, and characters, architectural embellishments, all of which are integrated, and there are magic works.

In terms of the production techniques of ornamentation, the Qing Dynasty jade continued the tradition of combining craftsmanship and art since the Ming Dynasty, and made the two more closely combined, using a variety of jade carving techniques to express the literati landscape painting on the jade carving, reflecting the ideological and cultural connotation of the literati's pursuit of a high and profound realm. Especially with the strengthening of cultural exchanges between China and the West in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the production of Qing jade ornaments was gradually influenced by the wind of foreign cultures, and the content of the ornaments reached an inclusive realm, reflecting a combination of Chinese and Western cultures, and an innovative spirit that was not confined to tradition. In particular, the creation and use of a large number of auspicious patterns in the Qing Dynasty, although it lacks the noble and elegant atmosphere of the court jade ornamentation, and the carving of the ornament is not as fine as the palace jade, but this reflects the common desire of the majority of lower-class ordinary people to pursue auspicious wishes, and generally reflects an aesthetic taste of elegance and vulgarity, which together form the ornamental style of jade in the Qing Dynasty.

Qing Dynasty jade is an important part of China's ancient jade culture. There are many kinds of jade ornaments, distinctive characteristics, and stable changes in style, boldly integrating the aesthetic taste and evaluation standards of the time into it on the basis of inheriting the previous generations, breaking through the conventionality of jade ornamentation production in the past dynasties. Due to the proximity of the Qing Dynasty and the particularity of the times, although the tombs of the Qing Dynasty are all over the country, there are few Qing Dynasty jade artifacts unearthed at present, and most of the artifacts that can be studied are mainly heirloom jade.

The differences between Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty jade pendants are:

The Ming Dynasty carved jade on the basis of the previous generation of innovation, the jade carving knife method is rough and powerful, there is a real three-layer openwork method, the carving is very fine. In the late Ming Dynasty, due to the prevalence of Taoism, the jade carving process was affected, and there were more Taoist symbols such as cloud cranes, pine cranes, and hexagrams. The utensils of the Ming Dynasty are stable and decent, the design is novel, and the workmanship is fine.

The hollowing method of this period was to use brazing to hollow holes on both sides. At the same time, the jade of the Ming Dynasty was smooth, and the frame of the carved ware was as smooth as the pattern inside. It is not commensurate with the fineness of the Ming Dynasty is a process after the jade treatment - the grinding is relatively rough.

The middle of the Qing Dynasty was a new peak period in the development of jade carving technology, and during the Qianlong period, Beijing became the center of jade governance in the country, and thus developed into a new jade school - Jinggong. At this time, the selection of jade materials, processing and other processes are more stringent.

There are a variety of jade cutting techniques such as skillful (pretty color method) and semi-relief carving. Most of the jade carvings in the Qing Dynasty are exquisite and exquisite, and the image is realistic. The ornamental patterns of this period are more colorful, in addition to the prevalence of antique bronze ornamentation, auspicious ornamentation, words are the main theme at that time.

The Ming and Qing dynasties were the period when a large number of auspicious jade objects appeared.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the relationship between jade and social and cultural life became increasingly close, and antique jade shapes such as furnaces, scents, bottles, tripods, and guis emerged in endlessly. Jade tea and wine utensils are very popular. When literati painted and wrote in their studies, they often used jade to make stationery such as pen washes, water injections, pen holders, ink beds, paperweights, arm rests, etc., or to decorate furnishings with jade.

Due to the different jade materials, the different jade tools and jade cutting techniques, as well as the different aesthetic tastes and customs, the shape and theme style of jade in each period are also diverse. The main characteristics of jade modeling in the Ming and Qing dynasties are: it is closely related to the painting, calligraphy and craft carving at that time, and fully inherits a variety of grinding techniques and techniques of jade in the previous generation.

And there is a significant development and improvement, the grinding method highlights the sense of volume, and the pursuit of fine brush painting skills. The beauty of its jade, the variety and the wide range of applications are unprecedented.

Qing Dynasty grinding method, strict requirements, rules and circles, lines such as rulers, round like a full moon, posture and corners round and smooth, whether it is the inner chamber of the utensils, side walls or marks, feet and other secondary parts are also meticulous, inside and outside are laborious, the workmanship is very exquisite, hollow is particularly important, enough to be false and real, beautiful jade color combination of various colors seamless.

The jade used in the Qing Dynasty was directly dominated and influenced by the art of painting in the Qing Dynasty, and its workmanship was rigorous and meticulous. Some of them are meticulously polished, such as carvings and paintings, and some of them do not hesitate to polish to show the beauty of their warm and crystal jade. In the Qing Dynasty, heavy white jade, especially sheep fat white jade, topaz is very rare, and it is also loved.

The folk jade is the most produced and the most refined in the two rivers.

The most famous jade center of the Qing Dynasty was Suzhou Zhuzhu Lane, where Suzhou jade was delicate and beautiful, and most of the jade craftsmen in the inner court came from there. Yangzhou jade development is very fast, there is a tendency to catch up, its jade is bold and vigorous, especially good at grinding thousands of catties or even tens of thousands of catties of extra-large jade, "Yu water control map jade mountain" is its representative work.

The Qing Dynasty jade workers are good at drawing on the achievements of painting, carving, and arts and crafts, and set a variety of traditional workmanship and artistic styles such as yin line, yang line, flat convex, hidden, hollow, and beautiful color, and absorb the influence of foreign art and combine and adapt.

The painting and decoration of jade in the Ming Dynasty are mainly animal and plant patterns.

The ornamentation of jade in the Ming Dynasty is mainly based on animal and plant patterns, such as dragons, phoenixes, lions, tigers, deer, sheep, cranes, geese, peonies, lotuses, orchids, Ganoderma lucidum, etc., or the edge decorations are 10,000 characters, happy characters, longevity characters, etc.

Expansion of the selected motifs for the painting ornamentation of jade in the Ming Dynasty:

1. Ruishi liquid animal pattern is a common pattern of ancient jade, symbolizing status, dignity, wealth and beautiful meaning. The main types of jade ornaments painted in the Ming Dynasty are dragons, phoenixes, claws, unicorns, pixiu and so on. The carving technique often adopts openwork or openwork, and is accompanied by a yin carved line to draw the texture on the body of the beast, and the auspicious cloud pattern is added to the bottom foot or blank place, which matches each other and means beautiful.

2, animal and plant ornamentation is also one of the commonly used theme carving ornaments in the Ming Dynasty, common animal patterns are deer, cranes, sheep, geese, swans, etc., plant ornaments are Meilan, bamboo chrysanthemum, four gentlemen, tangled branch lotus, okra, peony, Ganoderma lucidum, sea search begonia, etc., some of the artifacts and animals and plants are decorated with each other, coupled with ingenuity, the things made are vivid and vivid.

3. Character ornamentationThis kind of ornamentation rarely appears in the jade theme of the Ming Dynasty, and is commonly found in jade belt plates and some jade furnishings. In the Ming Dynasty, jade was commonly decorated with immortal figures or Taoist figures, such as the Eight Immortals, the Hidden Gaoshi Figure, and some ornaments such as the hand-held peach, the Ganoderma lucidum "crane" dance, the bridge bucket sent the "bat" pattern and so on.

There are also a small number of jade paintings with children, which are small and simple, and are worth playing with.

In the Qing Dynasty, Hetian jade was mainly used to pay tribute to the emperor, and the development of productive forces at that time was relatively low, so there were relatively few Hetian jade or its jade ornaments left in the Qing Dynasty. So, what is the value of Hetian jade in the Qing Dynasty now?

Is Qing Dynasty Hetian Jade Worth How was Qing Dynasty Hetian Jade Worth.

Qing Dynasty Hetian jade.

However, Hetian jade still had a brief period of prosperity in the Qing Dynasty, which was mainly due to the love and promotion of Hetian jade by Emperor Qianlong, who was known as the "jade idiot". During the Qianlong period, there were workshops for processing and making Hetian jade in many places across the country, and he personally supervised and interrogated the creation of jade carvings, and for important utensils, he would also review the drafts, make wooden patterns, wax samples, and the final decorations and decorations one by one, and personally instruct.

But later, because the Qing Dynasty began a period of internal and external troubles, Emperor Qianlong had no intention of scrupling about the development of Hetian jade, so Hetian jade fell into a period of low development.

What was the value of Hetian jade in the Qing Dynasty?

Ancient jade generally pays attention to the quality, carving, color, historical significance, etc., and Hetian jade in the Qing Dynasty is not only jade but also antique, so it has a double meaning and value. Therefore, the value of Hetian jade in the Qing Dynasty depends on the specific quality, some are thousands, some are tens of thousands, and tens of thousands are tens of thousands. Some are priceless.

At the famous Sotheby's auction in Hong Kong, a set of boxed Qing Qianlong imperial Hetian jade wrenches were sold at a price of 47.36 million Hong Kong dollars, setting a record for the auction market of jade wrenches, which were unimaginable in the 90s of the last century.

In the Qing Dynasty, Hetian jade blended painting, calligraphy, carving and story culture in one inch, so that the naturally beautiful jade had life after some modification. The auction of jade plates in the Ming and Qing dynasties is basically in the tens of thousands of yuan, and it is not uncommon for the transaction price to be more than 100,000 yuan, and the transaction price of high-quality products is even higher.

Is Qing Dynasty Hetian Jade Worth How was Qing Dynasty Hetian Jade Worth.

The historical significance of Hetian jade in the Qing Dynasty.

Emperor Qianlong once set up two jade manufacturing offices for Hetian jade in the Forbidden City, which is similar to the current one, which is a place for supervising and carving a large number of jade objects for the imperial court. During the Qianlong period, from the emperor's special jade seal, down to the dishes used for eating, they were all carved with a large number of various jade, of course, the most used is Hetian jade.

Whether Qing Dynasty jade is worth a lot of money or not, and how much it can be worth, cannot be generalized.

What material? What carver? What is the size of the vessel? Preservation status? These specific circumstances vary greatly.

Generally speaking, the representative jade of the Qing Dynasty is the texture of Hetian jade, the seed material of Hetian white jade in Xinjiang, and the court utensils produced by the court office of the Qing Dynasty, which are well preserved. As far as the current auction record is concerned, the starting price is 300,000 yuan, and the highest transaction record, excluding commission, is 8.73 million yuan, which comes from Guardian's 2009 autumn auction.