What kind of fertilizer is good for saline alkali land? What fertilizer can cure saline alkali land

Hello, it is recommended to apply organic fertilizer in saline-alkali land, which contains a lot of organic matter, which is conducive to rooting and seedling preservation.

A large number of straw can be used to reduce the harm of salinity to crops.

Saline-alkali soil contains more chlorine, so chlorine-containing compound fertilizer should not be used.

Attention should be paid to irrigation when applying chemical fertilizers, which can reduce the concentration of soil solution, because the saline-alkali soil is not easy to preserve seedlings, be careful with the application of seed fertilizer, try not to get close to the seeds, so as not to affect germination.

Improvement scheme: 1. Salt washing.

Salt washing is to pour water into the saline-alkali land, so that the soil salt is dissolved, and the soluble salt in the topsoil layer is discharged into the deep soil or leached out through infiltration, and the side infiltrates into the drainage ditch to be removed.

2. Level the land.

Leveling the land can make the water infiltrate evenly, improve the effect of rainfall salt drenching and irrigation salt washing, and prevent soil patchy salinization.

3. Deep ploughing and deep ploughing.

After ploughing, the salt in the surface soil can be turned to the bottom of the cultivated layer, and the soil with less salt content in the lower layer can be turned to the surface. Tillage can loosen the tillage layer, cut off the soil capillary, weaken the evaporation of soil moisture, and effectively control the return of soil salt. The best time to plough saline land is spring and autumn.

5. Increase the application of organic fertilizer.

Rational use of chemical fertilizers. Organic fertilizer can improve the buffering capacity of the soil and reduce the alkalinity of the soil. It can increase the application of water-soluble fertilizer in Haihai and Weihai, which plays an important role in improving saline-alkali land and improving soil fertility.

Treatment of saline-alkali land. It is mainly to apply organic fertilizer, this is because it is rich in organic matter, which can help root and protect seedlings, such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

Ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate.

Potassium sulfate, ammonium chloride, superphosphate, etc. Saline-alkali land contains a lot of chlorine, so fertilizers containing more chlorine should not be applied in large quantities.

If you want to improve the saline-alkali land, you can also do it by watering and turning the land deeply, and deep ploughing is most suitable in spring and autumn. When fertilizing saline-alkali land, it is mainly to apply organic fertilizer, because it is rich in organic matter, which helps to take root.

Because the soil of saline-alkali land contains a lot of chlorine, so do not apply too much compound fertilizer containing more chlorine, you can choose to use potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium chloride, superphosphate and other fertilizers to improve the saline-alkali land.

If the conditions are suitable, straw can be returned to the field to reduce the impact of saline-alkali land on the effect. When applying chemical fertilizer, it is necessary to pay attention to irrigation, which can reduce the concentration of soil solution, because it is not easy to preserve seedlings in saline-alkali land, so be careful when applying fertilizer, not too close to the seeds, otherwise it will affect its germination.

1.Diammonium phosphate is applied to alkaline soil, and then according to different crop types, it is not effective to use nitrogen fertilizers such as urea. 2.

The effect of applying superphosphate to the soil is good, and if calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizer and phosphate rock powder are used, the effect will be greatly reduced. 3.Acidic fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium sulfate, and potassium chloride can be applied to alkaline soils to help effectively absorb soil mineral nutrients.

4.Alkaline soils generally do not choose alkaline fertilizers such as ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate, plant ash, etc., and quicklime cannot be used.

Alkaline fertilizers

Alkaline fertilizers mainly include calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizers, plant ash, ammonium bicarbonate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, nitro compound fertilizer, ammonia, etc. They are alkaline when dissolved in water.

Alkaline fertilizer should not be mixed with ammonium fertilizer, available phosphate fertilizer, and well-rotted organic fertilizer, otherwise it will cause a reduction in fertilizer efficiency and is not conducive to crop growth.

Acidic soils should avoid the use of physiological acid fertilizers, especially to reduce the use of fertilizers such as sulfuric acid compound fertilizers. Nitrogen fertilizer should also be applied in moderation, as too much nitrogen fertilizer can lead to soil acidification. Soil acidification can also be mitigated through the use of organic fertilizers, straw returning and other methods.

Precautions for alkaline fertilizers.

1. The application of alkaline fertilizer should be adapted to local conditions. Taking into account the characteristics of the soil, the use of physiological acidic fertilizers should be avoided in acidic soils, especially the use of fertilizers such as sulfuric acid compound fertilizers. Physiological alkaline fertilizers can be used.

2. Pay attention to the compatibility of fertilizers. Alkaline fertilizers cannot be mixed with ammonium fertilizers, and the mixing of the two will produce ammonia volatilization, resulting in nitrogen loss and reducing fertilizer efficiency.

Can not be mixed with the well-rotted organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer with high maturity contains more available nutrients, of which nitrogen mostly exists in the form of ammonium nitrogen, if mixed with alkaline fertilizer, it will cause the volatilization of ammonia and reduce the nutrient content of organic fertilizer. It can not be mixed with some pesticides, such as tobuzin, carbendazim, leafhopper powder, dimethoate, etc., otherwise it will reduce the efficacy.

The use of fertilizers should also be selected according to the land conditions and crop needs, and generally speaking, the same acidic and alkaline soil and fertilizers should not be matched together.

Classification: According to the category: the main materials contained in the fertilizer are classified according to the chemical properties of the fertilizer, and the chemical properties of the fertilizer are alkaline fertilizers. Such as ammonium bicarbonate, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus fertilizer, ammonia and liquid ammonia. Acidic fertilizers: Chemically acidic fertilizers.

Such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, superphosphate, phosphate nitrate fertilizer, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate, etc. Neutral fertilizers are chemically neutral or near-neutral fertilizers. Such as potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, urea, etc.

According to the nature of the reaction, the physiological alkaline fertilizer is classified as a fertilizer that reduces the acidity of the growth medium due to the residual part after the nutrients are absorbed and utilized by the crop. Such as sodium nitrate, dicalcium phosphate, calcium, magnesium phosphate fertilizer, etc. Physiological acidic fertilizer is a fertilizer that leads to the increase of the acidity of the growth medium after the nutrients are absorbed and utilized by the crop.

Such as ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, etc. After the nutrients of physiological neutral fertilizer are absorbed and utilized by crops, there is no residual part or the residual part basically does not change the acidity of the growth medium. Such as ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium bicarbonate, etc.

Common Fertilizer Classification Methods (continued)-3

The best chemical fertilizers for improving saline-alkali land are: organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer.

The fertilization principle of saline-alkali soil is mainly to apply organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, and control the use of low-concentration chemical fertilizer. Organic fertilizer contains a large amount of organic matter, which buffers harmful anions and cations in the soil, which is conducive to rooting and promoting seedlings.

The ineffective components of high-concentration compound fertilizer are less and the residue is less, but the amount of chemical fertilizer can not be too much each time to avoid aggravating the secondary salinization of the soil.

Causes of saline-alkali land formation:

1. Climatic conditions

In the arid and semi-arid areas of northeast, northwest and north China, the precipitation is small, the evaporation is large, and the salt dissolved in the water is easy to accumulate on the soil surface.

In summer, the rain is abundant and concentrated, and a large amount of soluble salt seeps into the lower layer or flows away with the water, which is the "desalination" season; In spring, the surface water evaporates strongly, and the salt in the groundwater accumulates on the surface of the soil as the capillary water rises, which is the main "salinity" season.

The saline-alkali soil in Northeast China, North China and semi-arid regions has obvious "desalination" and "salinization" seasons, while in Northwest China, due to the low precipitation, the seasonal variation of soil salinity is not obvious.

2. Geographical conditions

The height of the topography has a great influence on the formation of saline-alkali soil, and the height of the topography directly affects the movement of surface water and groundwater, which is closely related to the movement and accumulation of salt.

Saline-alkali soils are mainly distributed in inland basins, intermountain depressions and flat and poorly drained plain areas, such as the Songliao Plain. From the perspective of small topography (on a local scale), soil salt accumulation is the opposite of that of large topography, and salt tends to accumulate in small local convexities.

3. Soil texture and groundwater

Generally speaking, the capillary water of loamy soil rises faster and the height is higher, and the salt accumulation of sand and clay soil is slower. The key problems affecting the salinity of groundwater are the level of groundwater and the size of groundwater salinity.

4. The influence of rivers and seawater

The land on both sides of the river and its channel has been raised by the seepage of the river, which has led to the accumulation of salt. Coastal areas can form coastal saline-alkali soils due to seawater immersion.

5. Improper tillage management

In some places, large water floods when watering, or low-lying areas are only irrigated but not discharged, so that the groundwater level rises quickly and salt accumulates, so that the original good land becomes saline-alkali land, this process is called secondary salinization. In order to prevent secondary salinization, water conservancy facilities should be equipped with drainage and irrigation, flood irrigation is strictly prohibited, and hoeing should be carried out in time after irrigation.

Fertilizers suitable for saline-alkali land include ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, superphosphate, potassium sulfate and other alkaline fertilizers. The principle of fertilization in saline-alkali land is mainly to increase organic fertilizer, do not use compound fertilizer containing more chlorine, and try not to get close to the seeds when fertilizing, so as not to affect their germination.