How to cultivate tomatoes in greenhouses?

Tomato seedlings can be planted with large seedlings or small seedlings, generally small seedlings have 4-5 leaf hearts, and large seedlings have 8-9 leaf hearts, and the method is slightly different. In addition to early maturing cultivation, which emphasizes early yields, tomatoes are often grown in the form of seedlings. Smaller seedlings grow faster, grow vigorously, and produce higher yields later in the season.

1. Prepare nutrient soil.

Considering the effectiveness of the seedlings and the operability of most farmers, the following recipes can usually be used: raw soil, seaweed organic fertilizer, and peat. The aim is to reduce the impact of harmful bacteria and herbicides on seedlings during the seedling process.

Safety is the number one criterion in the seedling process. The purity of chemical fertilizer is high, but the dosage deviation or uneven mixing is easy to burn seedlings; Most farmyard manure from large farms contains a lot of salt, alkali and hormones, which makes it easy to burn seedlings. It contains a certain amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, as well as a large amount of seaweed active substances and organic matter, which can revitalize the soil, strengthen the root system of plants, and effectively reduce the occurrence of soil-borne diseases.

Peat, a good rooting and root-fixing material, can improve the porosity of the soil and its water and fertilizer retention properties, making it effective for seedlings. The organic matter content of nutrient soil must not be less than 15%, so grass carbon cannot be reduced at will.

Mix the above three materials with water and mulch for more than 15 days. The amount of water added should be enough to form a ball in the hand that will break on the ground, but too dry or too wet can cause poor fermentation.

Second, seedling management

After the seedlings appear, they need to be carefully observed and do a good job of pest and disease prevention.

Root system is an important technical indicator of strong seedlings, in the leaf heart stage and about a week before planting, it is necessary to spray 2-3 times of rooting seaweed liquid fertilizer and crustacean fertilizer to strengthen the roots and prevent diseases.

Generally speaking, tomato varieties need to be supplemented with boron fertilizer once at the leaf center stage when bud differentiation begins, and care should be taken not to have too high a concentration to avoid boron poisoning.

Tomato seedlings are sensitive to temperature. Generally, the night temperature is controlled at 12-17, the daytime temperature is controlled at 23-32, the minimum temperature during the development of seedlings is 8, and the maximum temperature is controlled within 35.

Within 25-35 days, the above method will produce strong seedlings with thick roots, short neck segments, green leaves, and suitable stem-to-leaf ratio, laying the foundation for high yield.

When planting tomatoes, you should water more and fertilize more, and at the same time, you should add more organic fertilizer, which can make the tomatoes find better and make the tomatoes taste better.

The tomato nursery shack sits north and faces south, and there must be a water source. The greenhouse film is non-drip polyethylene film, and the insulation material for the shed can be thick canvas and quilt. Tomatoes were selected as "Heinz 9280" and "Heinz 1100", and the maturity, fullness, germination potential and germination rate of the seeds were required to meet the requirements.

Prepare nutrient soil, prepare nutrient solution, manage the seedling stage, prevent pests and diseases, carefully observe, do water and fertilizer management, and cultivate seedlings in this way.

When raising tomato seedlings, the seeds should be soaked in warm water at about 55 degrees for 15 minutes, then cold water should be added to reduce the temperature to 35 degrees, and soaked again for 6-8 hours, and the seeds should be sown after drying, and the tomato sprouts should be covered with plastic film after sowing, and during the seedling period, flowers and fruits should be sprayed for the plants in time to avoid deformed fruits.

How tomatoes are raised.

1. Seed disinfection.

Tomato seedlings should be soaked in warm water at about 55 degrees for 15 minutes, and stirred in the same direction, then add cold water to reduce the temperature to 35 degrees and soak again for 6-8 hours, in order to prevent the breeding of viruses, you can soak it in 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 40 minutes, wash it with water and dry it.

2. Carry out sowing.

When sowing tomatoes, use 2 3 nutrient soil as a cushion soil, and then evenly spread the seeds in the soil, in order to promote the early emergence of sprouts, you can cover the sprouts with plastic film, and so on 1 3 seedlings unearthed after the plastic film is removed in time, and the temperature should be controlled at about 25 degrees after the seedlings.

3. Flower bud differentiation.

The differentiation of tomato flower buds starts from the third true leaf and ends with the ninth true leaf, and if the germination and differentiation are poor, deformed fruits will appear in the later stage, so in the flower bud differentiation stage, it is necessary to spray flowers and fruits and sea elves for the plant when the true leaves grow to 3-5 pieces.

4. Pest control.

The main insect pests of tomatoes are whiteflies and aphids, and when there is a pest, it is necessary to spray the plants with drugs in time, which can be sprayed with 70% insectoprid and 40% panacean mixed with water.

1. In the shed, choose a flat plot in the middle of the shed. The size of the seedbed is determined according to the number of seeds. Generally, 2,000 seedlings are raised, and the size of the seedbed is 2 meters long and 2 meters wide.

2. Spread a piece of old shed film with a length and width of meters on the plot, and use a steel nail with a diameter of centimeters to punch holes on it, with a hole diameter of about 5 centimeters, the purpose of which is to infiltrate water downwards and avoid rooting and hurting seedlings in the future.

3. Pour the seedling substrate into the large plastic basin prepared in advance, add water and mix it with moisture, hold it into a ball with your hand, and disperse it when you let go. Then spread the mixed substrate on the old shed film, with a thickness of about 3 cm.

1. To raise tomato seedlings, we must first ensure that the light time of tomato seedlings must be more than 4 hours, and the temperature must be kept at about 25 degrees to 30 degrees, and then water regularly and apply more organic fertilizers, so that the tomato seedlings can be slowly cultivated and grown.

2. Tomato (scientific name: solanumlycopersicum), that is, tomato, is an annual or perennial illuminated herbaceous plant of the tubular, Solanaceae, and tomato genus, with a high body of rice, all raw sticky glandular hairs, with a strong odor, the stem is easy to lodging, the leaves are pinnate compound leaves or pinnate deep lobes, the total peduncle length of the inflorescence is 2 5 cm, often 3 7 flowers, the calyx is radiate, the corolla is radial, the family berries are oblate or nearly globular, fleshy and juicy, the seeds are yellow, and the flowering and fruiting period is summer and autumn.

In areas where the temperature is low and it is difficult to safely overwinter, it is necessary to carry out greenhouse cultivation to keep warm. Generally, the arched greenhouse with a width of 6 meters, a height of meters and a length of 30 meters is adopted. Construct deep ditch and high furrow planting, in the area where the groundwater level is higher and the soil is heavier, the ditch depth shall not be less than 30 cm, and each shed shall build 2 3 furrows, and the cultivation density is the same as that of open field planting, and the cultivation management work is basically the same as that of open field cultivation.

You can go to China Organic Agriculture Network to learn greenhouse tomato technology.

Precautions for growing tomatoes in winter greenhouses, tips.