How to prevent and control the seedling diseases of nightshade vegetables?

The common diseases of eggplant in the growth process mainly include apsilosis, bacterial wilt and root removal disease, which will not only affect the growth and production of eggplant, but also have a certain impact on the economy of farmers. Peppers, tomatoes, and okra are often attacked by various pests and diseases during their growth, causing the plant to grow slowly, with various symptoms of stems, roots, leaves, and fruits, resulting in a decrease in yield or quality.

Seeds must be insulated to prevent freezing by cold winds or low temperatures. Therefore, the milk window must be opened frequently and must be opened and covered later in cold weather. During the day, on the premise of not freezing the milk, try to ventilate as much as possible to promote the growth of mud and improve disease resistance.

The soil should be used for old, milk should be disinfected. The fertilizer should be completely decomposed. The yolk should be even and not too dense.

The sowing soil should not be too thick to facilitate sowing.

<> when some diseased mud is found, spray the cupram mixture after removing the diseased mud to prevent the spread of the disease. Take a part of powdered product, dissolve it in 400 parts of water, spray it again within 7-10 days, or spray 1000 times 75% chlorothalonil wet powder, strengthen field pest and disease research, grasp the dynamics of pests and diseases, and choose high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue chemicals, which can be used alone or mixed. Attention is paid to substitutions to reduce the development of resistance to disease and pest drugs.

Select disease-resistant (resistant) varieties according to local conditions, plant crop rotation, crop rotation and stubble, strengthen tillage slopes and weeds, clean up the garden, reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria and insects, and reduce the source of infection. At the sowing stage, due to low temperature, high humidity, insufficient light management, inconvenience, etc., there are often sudden drops, dryness and root repetition. In the adult stage, some fungal diseases occur frequently due to high temperatures and high humidity. High temperatures and droughts in summer are conducive to the reproduction of fleas, leading to viral diseases; The hot and humid conditions are conducive to the occurrence and harm of mites, and the control of cotton bollworm and green tobacco can also be used 21% mortal emulsion 6000 times or Uranus emulsion 3000 times.

Common diseases of nightshade vegetables include gray mold, powdery mildew, verticillium wilt, etc., which can be prevented with 70% methyl tobuzin wettable powder.

Strengthen management, sowing should be uniform, the density should be appropriate, not too dense, and there is reasonable pesticide application.

This situation can be prevented and treated with carbendazim, and it is generally enough to spray 2 or 3 times.

<> 1. Peppers, tomatoes, and beans are subject to summer vegetable virus diseases. During the onset of the disease, potassium permanganate l000 times liquid, trisodium phosphate 500-800 times liquid or potassium dihydrogen phosphate 500-800 times liquid, 83 anti-agent 5ml plus 50 kg of water can be used for spray prevention and control. Spray every 7 to l0 days, 2 to 3 times in a row.

2. Verticillium wilt of eggplant. In the early stage of the disease, there can be 50% tobuzin 500-l000 times liquid or carbendazim 600-800 times solution, anti-brate 600-800 times solution to irrigate the roots. kilograms per litter, irrigated once every 7 l0 days, 3 to 4 times in a row.

3. Pepper anthracnose. In the early stage of the disease, 50% carbendazim or zebze, copper ruixin wettable powder 600-800 times liquid, 50% tobuzin 800-l000 times liquid can be sprayed on the foliar surface. Spray once every 7 days, 2-3 times in a row.

Fourth, tomato early and late blight. In the early stage of the disease, it can be used in turn: Bordeaux liquid with 200-250 times liquid, 600-800 times liquid of Dyssen series (zebzeb zinc, manganese zinc, etc.), 600-800 times of copper ruixin, and 400 times of alum 400-500 times of liquid for prevention and control.

Depending on the condition, spray once every 7 to l0 days, 3 to 4 times in a row, and spray in case of rain.

5. Cowpea, green beans and other legumes root rot. It can be used with 50% carbendazim or 70% tobujin L000-2000 times solution, and agricultural resistance L20500-600 times solution for root irrigation. It can also be added to every 50 kg of one kilogram of naphthalene acetic acid mother liquor in the above-mentioned liquid and then irrigate the roots evenly, which has the effect of carrying the bright and chaotic keys.

Depending on the seedling situation, grasp the amount of medicinal solution, spray once every 7 days or so, 2 to 3 times in a row.

6. Cowpea and other legumes gray mold. During the onset period, it can be sprayed with 50% carbendazim 800 times or 75% chlorothalonil 800-l000 times, 65% zebsen 700 times and 50% tobuzin 600 times. 7-l0 spray once a day, 2-3 times in a row.

7. Legumes rust. In the early stage of the result, L5% pyroxin 2000-4000 times can be used, especially after cowpea enters the fruiting period, it can be changed to 50% carbendazim 800 times solution or Tobuzin 600 times liquid spraying for control. Once every 7 l0 days, 2 to 3 times in a row.

8. Green bean leaf burn. At the initial stage of the disease, it can be sprayed with L:L:200 times Bordeaux solution or 500-600 times of zebin zinc and 800-l000 times of Dixon. Prevention and treatment once every 7 days, 2 to 3 times in a row.

Bacterial wilt is an earth-borne disease. It is a devastating disease in the growth of eggplants and fruits and vegetables. Although it is infected at the seedling stage of eggplants and fruits and vegetables, symptoms usually do not appear.

Symptoms of bacterial wilt do not begin to appear until the plant reaches a height of about 30 cm. In general, the top leaves droop first, then the lower leaves wilt, and finally the middle leaves wilt; There are also cases where one leaf wilts first, or the entire leaf wilts at the same time. In the early stage of bacterial wilt, the diseased plant wilts during the day, and the diseased leaves become light green at night, and then it dies, and the plant remains green after wilting, so it is called bacterial wilt.

The key to the prevention and control of the disease is to do a good job in the eradication of the pathogenic residue before planting. Key measures include:

1.Crop rotation is practiced. For plots with serious diseases, it is recommended to rotate with non-solanaceae crops for 4-5 years, and rice rotation and water-upland rotation have better results.

2.Strengthen on-site management. Select high dry land, sow early in a timely manner, advocate nutrient bowl seedlings, reduce root damage, high furrow and deep furrow, reasonable dense planting, timely ditching and drainage after rain, appropriately increase nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, pay attention to intercropping technology, adjust soil acidity, remove diseased leaves and old leaves in time, and increase field ventilation and light transmission;

3.Farming practices reduce wounds: Wounds are an important invasion route for bacterial diseases, and operations such as pruning can cause a large number of wounds throughout the growth of the plant.

Therefore, when pruning and plucking leaves, it is necessary to pay attention to the fine weather to facilitate wound healing. After these operations are completed, spray the agent as soon as possible to prevent the disease.

4.Pharmaceutical prevention: The prevention and control of bacterial wilt should start from small seedlings, and select reasonable pesticides for rotation.

Commonly used agents are mesobiomycin, pyloconazole, chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, copper thiazole, etc. **In the case of bacterial diseases such as bacterial wilt, it is recommended to mix antibiotic agents with copper preparations to make up for the lack of systemic properties of copper preparations.

Spray pesticides, pay attention to watering, pay attention to fertilization, need to remove diseased plants, be sure to pay attention to light, pay attention to ventilation.

When planting vegetables, the soil should be coated with pesticides, so that the disease of vegetables can be improved.

In such a situation, it is necessary to spray pesticides in time, so that pests can be removed and vegetables can be healthier.

The common diseases of nightshade crops at the seedling stage include cataplexy, anthrax, leaf spot and other diseases. In the middle and late stages of its growth, it is more harmful to have bacterial wilt, verticillium wilt, wilt and other diseases. These diseases, except for anthrax and leaf spots, are all soil-borne diseases.

If the soil has not been disinfected before transplanting. The above diseases are more likely to occur.

It is recommended to alternately use 500 times of 70% methamphetafen or 77% copper hydroxide wettable powder, or 800 times of downy mildew aqueous agent to spray stems, leaves and irrigated roots, and use about liters of diluted solution for each root irrigation, once every 7-10 days, and about 2-3 times in a row to prevent cataplexy disease. After the seedlings are slowed and in the middle of growth, the roots are irrigated with 1000 times of 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid soluble powder, or 4000 times of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder, or 300 times of 50% copper succinate wettable powder, and the plant is irrigated with about liters, and the medicine is 1 time every 7 days, and the medicine is used 2-3 times in a row to prevent diseases such as branacium, wilt, and wilt.

In the meantime, use 25 grams of prochloraz EC 1000 times, or 10% difenoconazole water dispersant 1000 times, spray stems and leaves once every about 7 days, and spray 2-3 times continuously to prevent anthrax and leaf spot.

If root rot occurs in the seedling stage, it can be seen that the seedlings have water-stained spots at the base of the stem, the leaves are wilted, and the plant growth is not vigorous；The occurrence of root rot in the seedling stage of nightshade vegetables is mainly related to the variety, seed carrier, seedbed carrier, vegetative soil carrier, water source, and seedling temperature and humidity. Growers can take measures such as selecting varieties with strong disease resistance energy, seeds should be soaked and disinfected before germination and sowing, seedbeds and nutrient soil should be sterilized, non-polluted water sources should be used, temperature and humidity during the seedling period should be controlled, and drug spraying can improve and inhibit the infection of root rot in the seedling stage of eggplant fruits and vegetables.

The harm of root rot in the seedling stage of nightshade vegetablesRoot rot is a common fungal soil-borne disease of nightshade fruits, the main incidence period of root rot of nightshade vegetables is after planting, a small number of seedlings are occasionally infected with root rot in the seedling stage, if the root rot is infected at the seedling stage, although the infection probability is very small, but the onset of the seedling stage will cause the seedling to be weak, residual seedlings, and withering at the seedling stage; In addition, root rot and pathogens will be brought into the field, forming cross-spread infection, which will affect the yield and quality of nightshade vegetable harvests, and will bring ecological problems to the soil that are difficult to repair in a short time.

Symptoms of root rot at the seedling stage of nightshade vegetablesNightshade vegetables were infected with root rot at the seedling stage, and it was seen that the stem base of the seedlings was slender and weak, the leaves or cores lacked vitality, the color was gray, and the seedlings wilted under strong light, and could return to normal at night or in the morning. In the early stage of the disease of nightshade vegetables, it can be seen that the root system and stem base will appear water-stained reddish-brown lesions, the growth of leaf buds or young leaves is slow or stagnant, the leaf color is dull and abnormal, and if no countermeasures are taken, the leaves will progress into yellow leaves, wilted leaves, and fall leaves, and the plant lacks water; If the root system of the infected plant is pulled out, the epidermis of the taproot can be seen to have dark brown rot, and the infected root system is peeled off, and the vascular bundles can be seen to atrophy and congestion. Once the nightshade vegetable seedling stage is infected with root rot, because the seedling itself is weak, there is a certain difficulty in drug control, and the infected seedlings can not be treated in time, and after 5 to 7 days, the spread of root rot can cause the whole seedbed seedlings to completely wither.

It is easy to cause the plant to grow, problems lead to death, lead to a decrease in yield, and in general, there will be leaf rot and root rot.

It can cause rot in the roots of the plant, cause the leaves to wilt, cause the cortex to be destroyed, and affect the growth of the plant. The epidermis will appear water-stained rings, the leaves will wilt, the plants will die profusely, and there will be white mold.

The roots will rot, and the leaves of the plant may fall off, which will seriously affect the growth of the plant, leading to rot and affecting the yield.

If the fruit is damaged, it will produce water-soaked brown lesions, and it will expand rapidly, making the whole fruit dark and black, and even softening and rotting, and a lot of ice fruits will fall off in the later stage.

Root rot at the seedling stage (root rot) is a common disease at the seedling stage

1.Symptoms: When root rot occurs, the roots do not have new roots or adventitious roots, the root bark rusts and rots, causing the aboveground leaves to wilt and easy to pick up, the upper leaf margins are yellow and scorched, and the seedling leaves are dry or fall off when they are severe, and they seem to be deficient.

2.**: The main reason is that the ground temperature is lower than 14 degrees for a long time, and the soil temperature of the seedbed is large.

Or in case of rainy and snowy weather, the bed temperature is low and the seedlings wilt for a long time, root rot will occur, and the seedlings are yellow-green or milky yellow after root rot, and the leaf edge begins to wither and scorch, and the growth is slow, and the roots appear in the cotyledon stage, and the cotyledons die. When the roots rot at a certain leaf stage, the true leaf will wither. The bed temperature is between 12 and 14 degrees Celsius, especially at night, which causes the growth point to stop growing, causing the seedlings to die from their roots.

3.Prevention and control: the furrow surface of the seedling bed should be flat, strictly prevent excessive watering humidity, enhance the temperature management of the seedbed, and avoid the bed temperature being too low and too wet.

Keep the bed temperature above 16 degrees, and correctly grasp the time of air release and the amount of ventilation. Make the seedlings grow robustly, and loosen the soil in time to increase the bed temperature after a slight root rot. At the same time, the leaves are sprayed with strong rooting powder to promote the growth of new roots.

Many farmers who have no planting experience mistakenly believe that root rot is caused by pathogens, but the fact is that in the production of vegetable seedlings, it is mostly caused by low bed temperature and high humidity and improper management. As long as the seedbed soil has been treated with pesticides such as nitrobenzene, dixone, and seedling fungus, it will not produce pathogens. Therefore, after root rot, do not spray fungicide medicine for treatment, find out the cause of the disease and solve it correctly, and the content of the appeal is for the reference of farmers, and it is strictly prohibited.

Soil selection The soil for planting should be selected well, and the garden soil can be mixed with organic fertilizer, stirred evenly, and the soil can be used after leveling. Start sowing to level the soil, then spread the seeds evenly to the top, cover with a thin layer of soil, then level the soil and water it thoroughly to promote seed germination. After the seedlings grow roots and grow steadily, they can be planted, and they also need to be fertilized in time.

Eggplant is a common disease of this vegetable during cultivation.