When rape is planted, the types of pests and diseases that will occur, and how to carry out scientif

To plant rapeseed, it is necessary to prevent all kinds of pests and diseases, early prevention, early detection, and early treatment. In this way, the yield of rapeseed can be guaranteed, and the quality of rape can also be improved.

1. Main pest species and control strategies.

In order to carry out green pest control measures, it is necessary to understand the types of pests and diseases in oilseed rape. After understanding these pest and disease species, we will also be able to achieve more results with half the effort.

1. Species of pests and diseases.

White rust, sclerotinia sclerotinia sclerotinia sclerotinia (sclerotinia sclerotinia), aphids, mold diseases, cabbage worms and yellow aperverts are the most common pests and diseases of oilseed rape.

2. Prevention and control strategies.

In the face of rapeseed pest and disease hazards, it is necessary to formulate comprehensive and reasonable comprehensive management technologies to achieve control measures. Pests and diseases are increasing year by year in various regions, and they can only be prevented, but cannot be completely avoided.

Therefore, for the green planting of rapeseed, it is necessary to implement a combination of biological control and physical prevention and control on the premise of first and predicting pests and diseases. For example, topdressing water-soluble fertilizer with strong resistance to pests and diseases, spraying pesticides for prevention and control in a certain period of time, can reduce the threat of pests and diseases to a certain extent.

There will be a type of pests and diseases when there is innocence in the dish, and it is necessary to prevent it scientifically, I think this should be able to spray some insecticides, so that it should be better to carry out some scientific control, and the effect is still very suitable.

Rapeseed.

First, the main diseases:

The main diseases that rape is prone to occur are sclerotinia sclerotinia disease, downy mildew, black rot and so on.

1. Sclerotinia sclerotinia disease: This disease mainly damages stems, leaves, flowers and pods.

Rape 2, rape downy mildew: this disease can occur in the whole growth period of rapeseed, resulting in leaf death, inflorescence hypertrophy and deformity.

3. Rape mosaic disease: The symptoms of rape mosaic disease are characterized by the symptoms of bright veins on the young leaves after infection, and all or part of the veins are pale yellow, followed by mosaic symptoms (that is, yellow-green and dark green).

4. Boron deficiency and ineffective rapeseed atrophy: Rapeseed atrophy is a non-infectious disease caused by boron deficiency in Brassica napus.

When boron deficiency is severe, rapeseed can develop from seedling stage to budding stage, and the diseased plants shrank and die.

Second, the prevention and control technology:

1. Select disease-resistant varieties and seed treatment.

Reasonable rotation of rapeseed.

Crop rotation is one of the main measures to prevent and control Sclerotinia sclerotinia and downy mildew in rapeseed.

3. Pay close attention to the seedling stage to treat aphids and prevent diseases.

Aphids are the vectors of rapeseed virus diseases, and rape seedlings are the most susceptible to viral diseases, so it is very important to prevent rape seedlings from susceptible to the disease.

Before the rape is sown, the aphids on other hosts should be treated once to eliminate the mediators of poisoning.

4. Strengthen cultivation management.

a.Choose a good seedbed and cultivate strong seedlings. Before selection, the field was used as a non-cruciferous vegetable plot and away from the cruciferous vegetable field as a seedbed, and the weeds around the field were cleared.

b.Eliminate the source of bacteria. Before sowing, it is necessary to dig deep into the ground, bury the sclerotia deeply, and destroy the ascomycete in early spring in combination with cultivated cultivation. Combined with seedbed management, pull out diseased seedlings and inferior seedlings. Before flowering, the old yellow diseased leaves were removed and taken out of the field for intensive treatment.

c.Reasonable fertilization, application of foot fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, enhance plant disease resistance.

d.Deep ditch and high furrow, reasonable dense planting. When there is too much rain, ditch and drain in time to reduce the humidity in the field, make the plants grow robust and enhance disease resistance.

e.According to the actual situation of boron deficiency in the soil, spray borax or boric acid 1-2 times in the seedbed. It can be effective in "atrophy and inauthenticity" and "flower inaction" caused by boron deficiency.

5. Pest control.

Pesticide control: In the early stage of the disease, especially when rape enters the flowering stage, pesticides must be applied in time to control the spread of diseases such as sclerotinia sclerotinia and downy mildew, white rust. When it rains, spraying should be carried out and the number of spraying should be increased appropriately.

The agent can be 25% pyraclostrobin and 58% nail cream. Mengxin (downy mildew). 3% amino-oligosaccharides (mosaic disease % carbendazim (sclerotinia sclerotiorum).

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3. Pest control.

The main pests of rape are aphids, leaf miners, etc.

Prevention and control method: 4% avi can be used. Acetamiprid, 20% imidachimia, bifenthrin EC (aphid). 31% Avi. Fly amine, emamectin benzoate 5% (leaf miner).

Aphid control can also set up yellow boards in rape fields to trap and kill aphids, or use aphid cocoon wasps, lacewings, ladybugs, aphid-eating flies and other organisms.

The most important thing is that bean worms and red spiders, so the best way is to spray more pesticides on them, so as to prevent these pests and diseases from continuing to occur.

The comprehensive control method of eliminating the source of bacteria, strengthening the disease resistance ability of plants and the protection of key pesticides was adopted to control the occurrence and damage of sclerotinia sclerotiorum in rapeseed. First of all, the selection of disease-resistant harvest varieties, which have the characteristics of firm stems, lodging resistance and short flowering period, can play an active role in controlling or reducing the damage of Sclerotinia sclerotinia in rapeseed. Secondly, after screening and water separation, in order to eliminate the sclerotia mixed in the seeds, then use 10 salt water to select the seeds, eliminate the floating sclerotia, and then wash with water, dry and sow seeds.

It is necessary to pay attention to maintaining the porosity of the soil, to properly turn the soil to ensure the permeability of the soil, and then also pay attention to the use of chemicals, and try not to choose the largest one.

Pay attention to the growth of plants, reasonable use of fertilizers, reasonable use of pesticides, pay attention to the ratio, pay attention to uniform use.

It is necessary to pay attention to the planting aspect, but also to the cultivation aspect, but also to the soil aspect, as well as the environmental aspect, but also to the water and fertilizer aspect.

Winter rapeseed planting is mainly concentrated in the provinces of the Yangtze River basin and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, with warm climate and more rainfall, which is a multi-year-old area. It is mainly planted with cabbage rape, sown in autumn and harvested in summer, and has a full growth period of more than 200 days. The area of rapeseed in the winter rape area accounts for more than 90% of the total area of rapeseed in China.

Winter rape is a perennial plant, which can be used to solve the idle state of farmland in winter, and shorten the idle time of farmland and no crop cover. It can increase the vegetation coverage rate and coverage time of agricultural land. The following is a list of winter rape pest control methods, I hope it will be helpful to you.

1. Downy mildew. The disease can occur throughout the growth period of oilseed rape and can damage leaves, stems, flowers and pods. 1.

Biological control: spray 50 kg of water with 250 grams (juice) of sharp chili, ginger and garlic. 2.

Pharmaceutical prevention and control: when the diseased plant reaches more than 10%, start spraying, choose 58% methalene-manganese-zinc wettable powder 600 times, or 25% Rui Poison mildew wettable powder 600 800 times, or 50% antibacterial special powder 1000 times, or 43% Dashengfu suspension 600 800 times, or 58% methyl frost and manganese zinc wettable powder 800 1000 times for spraying, and treat white rust, spray once every 7 days, and prevent 2 3 times.

2. Sclerotinia sclerotinia sclerotiorum. At the seedling stage, reddish-brown spots form on the root neck and petiole close to the ground, which turn white later. The diseased tissue becomes soft and rotten, with white hyphae, and in severe cases, it can cause the seedlings to die.

1.Agricultural prevention and control: take ditch drainage and remove diseased, old and yellow leaves in a timely manner.

2.Pesticide control: during the flowering period of rapeseed, when the leaf disease rate is more than 10% or the stem disease plant rate is less than 1%, choose 40 50 grams of 25% prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate, or 700 800 times liquid spray of 80% multi-Fu Fu zinc wettable powder, or 600 800 times liquid spray of 30% Fu Fu mold suspension.

Focus on spraying the middle and lower parts of the plant, spraying once every 7 10 days, and spraying 2 3 times in a row.

3. Rapeseed aphids. Aphids damage leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits, causing leaf rolls, dead seedlings, shrunken inflorescences and horn fruits of plants, or the whole plant dies. 1.

Physical control: Cover about 50% of the ground with silver-gray, milky white and black mulch, which has the effect of repelling aphids and preventing viral diseases. 2.

Pesticide control: When the rate of aphid plants at the seedling stage reaches 10%, and each plant has 1 2 aphids, choose 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate L000 2000 times, or 50% aphid mist (anti-aphid) wettable powder 3000 times, or 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 1000 times, or 10% dimethopyridine 2000 times liquid spray.

To prevent the occurrence of diseases, water-soluble fertilizer can be appropriately applied to fertile leaves.

Sclerotinia sclerotinia sclerotinia commonly known as white rod, empty rod, rotten rod, mildew disease, is an important disease that rape is easy to obtain, caused by the sclerotinia of the ascomycete subphylum, the general incidence is 10%-30%, serious can reach more than 80%, the onset of the disease in mid and late March every year, the onset of the whole leaf of rape to prevent the white planthopper of the seedlings, to remove the weeds in the field, and then spray with aphids with chlorine fluorine cyanide drug according to the instructions, it is best to wear a mask, and spray the medicine on a windy or windless day.

At the seedling stage (before sprouting), rape from seedlings to before sprouting, special attention should be paid to the prevention and control of planthoppers and cabbage worms. If not controlled in time, planthoppers will suck the rapeseed leaf sap, which will cause the whole rape plant to wilt and die. The cabbage worm will gnaw the whole rape leaf.

The main disease of oilseed rape that must be detected and controlled early is sclerotinia sclerotinia disease, which not only affects the yield of oilseed rape, but also seriously affects its quality and oil content. The disease can occur in the whole growth cycle of rapeseed, and can damage the stems, leaves, flowers, pods and other parts of rapeseed. When the stem is infected.

Prevention and control of white rust. Crop rotation with other crops to reduce the source of bacteria. Disease-free seeds are selected and seed treated before sowing.

Do a good job of ditching and drainage before sowing, intensive cultivation, and timely and appropriate amount of fertilizer. Remove diseased leaves and old leaves and bring them to the field for treatment to reduce the source of bacteria and reduce the disease. This pest mainly harms the leaves and fruits of rapeseed, and often causes mold parasitism after the occurrence of this pest, which leads to the occurrence of diseases.

In terms of pesticides, this pest is mainly sprayed with 25% chlorpyroxine 1000 times liquid or 20% methocarb 1000 times liquid to prevent and control white rust: rotate with other crops to reduce the source of bacteria. Disease-free seeds are selected and seed treated before sowing.

Do a good job of ditching and drainage before sowing, intensive cultivation, and timely and appropriate amount of fertilizer. Remove diseased leaves and old leaves and bring them to the field for treatment to reduce the source of bacteria and reduce the disease.

Mosaic disease: The veins of the leaves will turn dark yellow, and there will be mosaic leaves. Control: Prevent aphids at the seedling stage, check the insects frequently, and use spraying to kill insects immediately once found. 48% Lesburn emulsifiable concentrate can be used.

The main pests and diseases of rape are: sclerotinia sclerotinia sclerotinia disease, downy mildew, white rust and virus disease. The main key insects include aphids, cabbage worms, ape leaf beetles and jumping beetles. Among them, sclerotinia and aphids are the most harmful.

Sclerotinia sclerotinia disease, downy mildew, aphids, green worms, frosty mycosis, etc., these are common insect pests in rape, and they must be controlled in advance.

Common insect pests of rapeseed mainly include aphids and leaf miners. Don't panic when these pests appear, these pests have pesticides to kill them. There are several pesticides to eliminate these pests, and it is recommended to use 20% aphid pine 1000 1400 times solution.

Common insect pests include sclerotinia sclerotinia sclerotinia disease, rape downy mildew, rape mosaic disease, rape boron deficiency and infertility, sclerotinia sclerotinia and so on.

Sclerotinia sclerotinia, mildew, white rust, mosaic disease, etc. These common insect pests must be prevented in advance, otherwise it will lead to a reduction in rape production.

Generally, there are sclerotinia sclerotinia disease, aphids, green worms, etc., and pests and diseases, and it has a great impact on the yield of rapeseed, so reasonable prevention should be achieved.

Common pests and diseases of rape are: sclerotinia sclerotinia disease, downy mildew, aphids, green worms, etc. In the process of rapeseed planting, it is often harmed by various pests and diseases, and scientific prevention and control of the occurrence of rapeseed pests and diseases is an important measure to ensure the normal growth of rapeseed and achieve stable and high yield.

The harm of spring rape pests and diseases to rape is very large, the diseases of spring rape are mostly sclerotinia sclerotinia disease, and the pests at the seedling stage mainly include yellow-striped jumping beetle, rape stem weevil, and aphids at the flower horn stage. Pest control is also a top priority, so a comprehensive understanding of pests and diseases and their control techniques should be done.

Common pests mainly include aphids, vegetable green worms, ape leaf worms, jumping beetles and other pests. Common diseases include downy mildew, white embroidery, sclerotinia sclerotinia disease, wilt, root rot, virus disease, etc. Drug control measures and personnel management are mainly adopted, and varieties with strong disease resistance and good yield are selected for sowing first.

For the disinfection of seedbeds or seeds, deep trenches should be dug before planting to facilitate drainage, to avoid over-wetting of the soil (downy mildew), frequent tillage of loose soils to reduce bacteria, and covering with silver ash film during planting (aphids).

Replace rapeseed varieties in time according to the planting situation. To make rapeseed grow healthily, use crop rotation, so that the soil can get enough rest, so as to improve the ability to prevent and control diseases. Strengthen on-site management, eliminate weeds and diseased leaves and dead branches on site in a timely manner, and effectively prevent (ape leaf insects).

Artificial elimination of bacterial sources is used to improve plant disease resistance, and comprehensive prevention and control of key drug protection; Rapeseed aphids are mainly controlled by drugs, and the drugs are diluted and sprayed with 1000-2000 times of 40% Julei emulsifiable concentrate; For the prevention and control of white rust and downy mildew, 43% 600-800 times of Dashengfu suspension agent was used to dilute and spray at the beginning of the disease; After the onset of the disease, choose 500-600 times of mold wet powder to spray.

Downy mildew in rape mainly harms leaves, stems, and horns, and the infected area will turn yellow and grow white mold. Prevention and control methods: plant disease-resistant varieties according to local conditions, rotate crops for 2 years, strengthen field management, and plant reasonably densely.

Diseases of leaves, stems and other parts with different characteristics. Control methods: implement annual crop rotation, deep integration after harvest, and remove field viruses; Reasonable dense planting, timely drainage after rain; Choose disease-free seeds when planting.

Black spot mainly affects leaves, petioles, stems and horns. Brown round lesions grow in the early stages of leaf infection, and black mold grows in high humidity. Prevention and control methods:

select seeds before sowing, disinfect seeds, and select disease-resistant varieties; Reasonable dense planting, application of sufficient basal fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. In oilseed rape, which can occur throughout the development period, the stems, leaves, flowers and other parts will be damaged, and the stems will be more seriously damaged. Prevention and control methods:

Treat the seeds before sowing and select them with 10% salineRemove the floating bad seeds and sclerotia, dry them and sow them; Rational application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, boron-manganese and other fertilizers to improve disease resistance; Remove old and diseased leaves in time.