Black skinned winter melon will have the problem of pests and diseases, what are the pollution free

Be sure to control the temperature, and you should also wash the surface with clean water regularly, and you should also prevent insect pests in advance, and you should also spray some pesticides to improve the yield.

Sunburn occurs in black-skinned winter melon, and the prevention and control methods are: avoid direct sunlight on the fruit, and use melon leaves, straw, wheat straw and other shade or intercropping with tall crops in time. Insect pests appear in black-skinned winter melon, and the control methods are:

Before the 3rd instar of the larvae, spray with Luyu 800 1000 times liquid, with a safety interval of two days or 2000 times of emulsifiable concentrate can achieve ideal control effect.

Birds, insects, organic fertilizers, activated carbon, earthworms, etc., microbial control. But after all, it's not as good as a circular economy. 1. Use of natural enemies of insect pests 1

Parasitic insects: This kind of insect is generally relatively small and numerous, parasitic in the body of the pest or in the eggs, and absorbs the substances in the pest's body through the mouthparts as its own nutrition, so that the host dies, or the eggs cannot hatch. Common taxa are the kitge wasp, the small cocoon wasp, the bud cocoon wasp, the earth wasp, the swollen-legged wasp, the black egg wasp, and the parasitic fly.

These parasitic insects can be effectively controlled in the field to control the population density of pests.

1. Cataplexy and blight.

1) Cataplexy: the freshly unearthed trunk rots slowly, and the lodging of hangings and seedlings is the fundamental condition for root disease. (2) Blight:

The roots are hanged and withered, and the disease does not fall. The commonly used agents for the prevention and control of cataplexy and blight are: Chlormycofen and Pulik; Excellent potions and formulations are:

Dry ke + "three torches" seedling and root promoter.

2. Anthrax.

There are black spots between the stems, and the lesions are round or oval, and the lesions have black dots. The commonly used agents for the prevention and treatment of anthrax are: Shi Baogong and Shi Baoke; The excellent agent and formula are: Jin Shineng + effervescent tablets (agricultural streptomycin) + eugenics.

3. Frost Qingye mildew.

The lesions are yellowish-brown and expand from the upward growth point of the old leaves, and the leaf surface appears greenish, and there is a mold layer (white and black) on the back of the leaf.

1. Epidemics

The disease mainly harms the winter melon fruit, the fruit appears water-stained lesions at the onset of the disease, there is a circle of white mildew around the lesions, the lesion position is dissected, you will find that the flesh inside has been browned, if not treated in time, eventually the whole fruit rots.

Prevention and control methods: This disease is through the survival of pathogens in the soil for winter, and the spread of rain in the coming year, select varieties with strong growth and strong disease resistance, and disinfect the soil deeply before wintering, so as to prevent the germs from surviving safely for winter. Spray pesticides regularly during the fruit period, and spray Kangbo pesticides when they occur.

2. Vine blight

Vine blight mainly occurs in 18-25 degrees, high humidity environment, the onset of the leaf appears brown lesions, small black spots, stem nodes have long lesions, discoloration to black, overflow yellow-brown secretions, severe disease of the stem and leaves rot into a mess.

Prevention and control methods: Before planting, use Fumei double wettable powder for seed dressing, eliminate the germs on the surface of the seeds, reduce the probability of disease, crop rotation, control soil moisture, timely drainage, regular spraying with pesticides for prevention, and use chlorothalonil ** when the disease occurs.

3. Blight

Fusarium wilt and blight occur under similar conditions, and the pathogen overwinters safely in the soil and spreads through various routes, especially in humid environments. At the onset of the disease, the leaves begin to fade and wilt, and when the humidity is high, pink or white mold appears, the base of the stem is wet rot, the inside turns brown, and eventually dies due to wilting.

Prevention and control methods: the same seeds are disinfected, the soil will be turned deep and whitened before wintering, crop rotation will be implemented, regular spraying of pesticides for prevention and control, and copper succinate wettable powder will be used for treatment at the onset of the disease.

4. Pests

The main insect pests are aphids and red spiders, they all like to cling to the leaves, sucking the leaves or rhizomes and branches, and the leaves appear yellow-white lesions, and the leaves wilt and fall off in severe cases, affecting the yield.

Prevention and control methods: remove the surrounding weeds in time and spray them with special insecticides.

5. Brown rot

The brown rot of winter melon mainly harms flowers and young melons. Flowers that have already bloomed will turn brown and spoil when they become diseased, and germs will spread from the pedicle down to the young melon.

Prevention and control methods: use high furrow cultivation, do a good job of drainage, strictly prohibit flood irrigation of large water, but also reasonable dense planting, and maintain ventilation in the field.

Winter melon before planting, need to spray drugs to disinfect the soil, which can reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, and in the maintenance of the time to be reasonable watering and fertilization, can enhance the disease resistance of the plant, in the occurrence of pests and diseases, some of the damaged plants need to be removed, and the corresponding drugs should be sprayed.

A common disease in winter melon cultivation.

BlightThis disease is also the most common disease of winter melon when growing, usually can survive in the soil for about 5-7 years, resulting in seed infection, and the damage to leaves and branches is great at the time of disease.

Epidemics: This disease is very harmful to the fruit of winter melon, there will be water stains at the time of the disease, and there will be a circle of white mold layer in the open position and healthy parts of the diseased part.

The main insect pest of cultivated winter melon.

Aphids: This insect pest generally gathers on the back of the leaves of winter melon, and usually feeds on the branches and leaves of the leaves, causing the affected leaves to curl and dry, and it not only harms the leaves, but also spreads a large number of viral diseases.

Spider mites: Also known as the red leaf mite, it mainly lives on the back of the winter melon leaves, survives by absorbing the sap of the plant, so that the leaves of the plant are damaged, and the leaves appear gray-yellow patches, resulting in orange leaves, dry and falling off, and can affect the whole plant in serious cases.

Winter melon pest control.

Before planting, winter melon needs to be sprayed to disinfect the soil, which can reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, and in the usual maintenance to be reasonable watering and fertilization, can enhance the disease resistance of the plant, in the event of pests and diseases, some damaged plants need to be removed, and the corresponding drugs should be sprayed.

<>1. Vine blight: there are light brown lesions on the leaves, and the lesions are easy to break in the later stage, so azoxystrobin + prochlorazoxystrobin chlorothalonil and other agents can be used. 2. Epidemics:

Damage to stems, leaves and fruits and other parts, there will be water-stained lesions on the leaves, which may rot in the later stage, and can be used with cyanofrostazole + chlorothalonil and other agents**. 3. Fusarium wilt: The rhizome of seedlings wilts and cataplexes, which can be carried out with benzomyl and other agents.

1. Winter melon vine blight

1. Round or irregularly shaped light brown lesions appear on the leaves, and the lesions are easy to crack and crack in the later stage, and appear yellow-brown after drying.

2. In the early stage of the disease, azoxystrobin + prochloraz, azoxystrobin chlorothalonil, difenoconazole + dyssenlian, iprodione, thiophanate-methyl + chlorothalonil and other agents can be used to spray with water.

3. After the lesions appear on the stem, you can choose thiophanate-methyl, flusilazole and other agents to apply to the lesions.

2. Winter melon blight

1. Mainly damage stems, leaves and fruits, the leaves will appear water-stained lesions at first, and when the humidity is high, the lesions will expand quickly, and the diseased parts will rot rapidly.

2. Before the onset of the disease, cyanogluzole + chlorothalonil, azoxystrobin, propylzenum, oxazole ketone, manganese zinc and other agents can be used to prevent it.

3. After the onset of the disease, it can be sprayed with drugs such as enoyl manganese zinc, refined nail cream manganese zinc, propyl isoprobacide and so on.

3. Winter melon wilt

1. At the seedling stage, the base of the rhizome of the seedling will turn brown, and it should be shrunk, and wilting and cataplexy will occur. At the adult stage, the lower leaves will turn yellow, and the leaves can recover in the early and late stages, and the leaves will die directly in the later stage.

2. In the juvenile stage of the plant or the early stage of the disease, benzomyl, thiophanate-methyl + succin-ethphosphine aluminum and other drugs can be used**.

Fourth, winter melon anthracnose

1. Diseased spots appear on the leaves, and there is a yellow halo on the edge, and then the diseased spots will be connected into pieces, resulting in the withering and death of the leaves.

2. Azolamine ester, prochloraz + chlorothalonil, phenylether prochloraz, bromonitrile + dysenammonium, difenoconazole and other agents can be used.

5. Winter melon brown spot disease

1. This disease mainly harms leaves, petioles and stems, and the infected parts will appear round spots, small chloasma, etc., and black mold will grow in the diseased part when the humidity is high.

2. Prochloraz + mancozeb, azole and dysen, phenyl ether prochloraz, azoxybacteronil, quinoline copper and other agents can be sprayed with water, and sprayed once every 7-10 days.

6. Winter melon black spot disease

1. It mainly harms leaves and fruits, and the onset is that there will be water-stained brown spots in the diseased part, and then turn dark brown or black-brown.

2. It can be controlled with difenoconazole + chlorothalonil, iprodione, azoxystrobin, benzalene + chlorothalonil, zolamide ester + closulfdan, thiophanate-methyl sulfur + mancozeb and other agents.

When planting black-skinned winter melon, you need to soak the seeds in warm water at 55 degrees for 15 minutes, and then place them in an environment of 28-30 degrees for germination, and then you can sprinkle the seeds of black-skinned winter melon in the soil with sufficient base fertilizer, and cover with a layer of plastic film to make the temperature in the soil constant and promote the rapid emergence of black-skinned winter melon.

1. Germination method

The seed coat of the black-skinned winter melon is thicker, not easy to germinate, when planting the black-skinned winter melon, you need to promote the germination of its seeds, you can put the black-skinned winter melon seeds into 55 degrees of warm water for a period of time, so that it can absorb enough water, and then place the black-skinned winter melon seeds in an environment with a temperature of 28-30 degrees to promote its rapid germination.

2. Soil conditions

When planting black-skinned winter melon, you need to plough the land first to make it softer, which is conducive to the growth of the root system of black-skinned winter melon, and it is necessary to apply well-rotted organic fertilizer and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer to the soil to promote the vigorous growth of black-skinned winter melon.

3. Planting method

When planting black-skinned winter melon, it is necessary to evenly sow its seeds and sprinkle them on the soil surface, and then water the soil once to keep the soil moist, and then cover the soil with a layer of plastic film to keep the temperature in the soil above 10 degrees, which is conducive to improving the germination rate of black-skinned winter melon.

4. Maintenance management

When maintaining the black-skinned winter melon, it is necessary to apply a thin manure water to the plant when it grows 3-4 true leaves, so that the growth rate of the black-skinned winter melon is accelerated, and the branches that grow too long in the black-skinned winter melon should be cut short to avoid the loss of excess nutrients and increase the yield of the plant.