How to control black rot in cabbage? What bacteria causes black rot in cabbage? How to prevent it?

Cabbage black rot is a worldwide disease that affects cabbage vegetables caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Xanthomonas. It mainly damages leaves, but also infringes leaf balls, and can occur in all growth stages.

Black rot control: prevention should be the mainstay, and more disease-resistant cabbage varieties such as Zhonggan 8, Qiugan 1, Qiugan 2 and Qiugan 3 should be used. Crop rotation and stubble, warm soup soaking, and field humidity were used to reduce the incidence of disease.

When the central diseased plant is found, it should be removed in time. In the early stage of the disease, it can be sprayed with 600 times of 14% copper ammonia aqueous solution, or 500 times of 77% copper hydroxide wettable powder, or 500 800 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, or 1000 times of 40% carbendazim plus sulfur suspension or 4000 times of 72% agricultural streptomycin soluble powder, once every 7 10 days, and sprayed 2 3 times in a row.

The American spotted submarine fly is a quarantine pest in China, mainly harming eggplant, tomato, potato, pepper, melon, bean, and other vegetables. The larval leaf minus causes the greatest loss to the host plant, destroying chlorophyll and mesophyll cells, causing the plant to significantly delay its development and die, resulting in reduced yield, and the loss of commercial value of the seriously damaged plant, and even the failure of some vegetables and fruits. Prevention and control methods:

Before the 2nd instar of the larvae (the insect passage is very small), spray 2000 3000 times of emulsifiable fudin concentrate, or 800 1000 times of 40% green cabbage and 48% chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate, or 1500 2000 times of 98% Bataan raw powder or 500 times of 25% insecticidal aqueous agent. Different measures should be taken according to the specific local conditions. It is best to alternate the application of different single agents so as not to increase the resistance of the pest.

The commercial preparation of Bacillus thuringiensis can effectively reduce the damage of the American spotted loon fly, and has no killing effect on natural enemies.

Cabbage black rot fungus, most of which is caused by this virus, needs to pay attention to the removal of weeds, and need to pay attention to the use of pesticides.

The black rot bacterium of cabbage can be sprayed with some pesticides to control it, and most of this virus appears above 27.

The pathogens were rapeseed xanthomonas and rapeseed disease-causing species. The seeds should be disinfected before planting, and then pesticides should be sprayed in time during the planting process.

Cabbage black rot is one of the most harmful diseases, with a long onset period, and it often occurs from seedling stage to heading stage. The disease mainly harms cabbage leaves and bulb flowers, which not only leads to a decrease in yield, but also leads to a low commercial value of bulb flowers, which directly causes serious losses. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent and control cabbage black rot in a timely manner, so as to achieve early, small and good treatment.

High temperature and high humidity, continuous cropping, poor soil drainage function, large amount of nitrogen fertilizer, small amount of organic fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, zinc, manganese, molybdenum and other trace elements, and imbalance of soil microbial environment are all conducive to the survival and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria. Control methods: agricultural control.

Soak the seeds in 50 warm water for 20 30 minutes or with copper sulfate solution for 15 minutes and calm the bell. Cruciferous vegetables in the hard-hit areas are rotated for 2-3 years. Improve soil water supply and drainage conditions, and increase the application of organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and micro-fertilizer.

Chemical control. Seedbed disinfection, spraying 50% mancozeb 800-1000 times solution to moisten the soil or 50% carbendazim 800 times solution watering the seedbed. At the beginning of the disease, spray 14% cupramide 600 times, 77% copper hydroxide wettable powder 500 times, or 72% agricultural chain solvomycin soluble powder 5000 times every 7-10 days, a total of 2-3 times.

<> "Cabbage black rot needs to strengthen the management of crops, sow seeds in a timely manner, squat seedlings moderately, implement rainproof seedlings, plant reasonable planting, plant high and deep ditches, drain water in time after rain, and carry out soaking irrigation if necessary to reduce field moisture; Apply fully decomposed organic fertilizer to achieve a reasonable combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; Control insect pests in a timely manner, reduce the chance of injury and infection, clean up the site, implement 2-3 times of tillage, loosen the soil and promote roots.

Chemical control: When the symptoms of heart rot appear on the site, it is usually possible to use % superphosphate solution or from ethanol to calcium or chelated calcium, 500 times more mancozeb or manganese sulfate solution, 47% more metronidazole 600 times solution, 3% 600-800 solution times or 20% sulfur mold copper 10000-1500 solution times within the effective time, can be sprayed twice, depending on the situation, three times, once caddy for seven to ten days. Serious diseased plants must be removed and eaten, especially those caused by soft rot, and the disease sites should be disinfected with quicklime to prevent the spread of bacteria.

It usually occurs after a partial course of kale. Then it dries, yellows, wrinkles and turns white, like transparent dry paper, the veins are dark brown, high moisture, the lesions are wet and rotten, there is mucus, but there is no smell, and there is no edible value in severe diseases. When globular and pericardial phases are present, the appearance is normal, but the edges of the heart are dry after cutting.

In severe cases, the paper will become thinner and appear dry.

The pericardium is usually not strong and usually lightweight. If there is more rain, bacteria will invade the inside along the seams of the leaves, causing the leaves of the heart to rot. This continues to happen even after the harvest.

It's sticky, it has a foul smell, and sometimes the heart makes it rot, but from the outside, it seems normal. When the plant starts to prevent disease, wilting occurs in high heat or light, and this symptom can recover sooner or later, but after a while, it cannot be recovered, and the cricket ball is exposed. In severe cases, the entire leaf ball cannot be used.

We must do a good job of protective measures to ensure the health of the soil, avoid the invasion of germs, we must choose the right varieties, soak the seeds in advance, and rotate the land.

We must pay attention to crop rotation, a variety of before the need to be treated, need to be soaked in advance, need to deal with the soil situation, to prevent germs, must understand the humidity in the field, reasonable fertilization.

First of all, we must choose varieties with strong resistance to diseases and pests, and secondly, we can spray drugs to control them.

After the onset of the disease in the seedling stage of <> cabbage, its cotyledons, young stems and true leaves will appear early cultivation gray lesions, with small black spots, the base of the stem is easy to break due to the ulcer, and finally lead to the death of the whole plant, after transplanting the diseased seedlings, the diseased part spreads to the stem base and roots, forming black-purple stripes; At the stage of adult plants, the leaves will produce amorphous or round lesions, ** grayish-white, with many small black spots on them, and the disease on the peduncle and flower pod is similar to that on the stem.

Heart rot is a bacterial disease, Chinese cabbage is also common, mainly from the kohlrabi heart stage began to occur, the most common symptom is that the outer leaves of the diseased plant are wilted, the most obvious at noon on a sunny day, when the outer leaves are flat on the ground, the leaf bulb is generally exposed during the cabbage heart, the lesions generally invade from the wound at the base of the external stem and leaf, the lesions are translucent and water-stained, and then the light brown wet rot, the hand is sticky and slippery, there is a foul smell, sometimes the heart leaves are rotten, and the outside looks normal together. Broccoli black root disease, in fact, is a blight, is a fungal disease that is easy to obtain at the seedling stage, and the fungus mainly invades from the broccoli rhizome at the seedling stage, causing the diseased part to turn black or shrink. When exposed to moisture, a white mold will appear in the affected area.

The cabbage root group is distributed in a 50 cm soil layer, with the 30 cm cultivated layer being the densest. The leaves are large and the transpiration is large. It requires a relatively humid cultivation environment, and grows well at 80% 90% air relative humidity, especially for soil moisture.

Cabbage is commonly cultivated in all parts of the north and south of our country. Cabbage is a semi-cold-tolerant vegetable, the growth temperature is 20 24, generally below 16, the growth rate is slow, and when the average temperature exceeds 28, the ball is poor or not balling; It is a long-day plant and likes strong light.

<> cabbage planting management mainly does a good job in pest control, timely fertilization to ensure nutritional requirements, and the product should be harvested in time, otherwise it will lose its value due to the increase in temperature in spring. A new low-cost and high-efficiency high-quality cabbage variety suitable for winter planting in northern China, was selected and bred by the Institute of Crop Varieties in Shanxian County, Shandong. The leaf color is dark green, the ball is firm, the quality is good, and the cold resistance is very strong.

The weight of a single ball is kilograms, and the yield per mu is 5000 kilograms. Generally, 60 square meters of seedbeds can be left in each acre of field. After leveling the seedbed, water all over the bottom water, after the water seeps down, the seeds are mixed with fine soil and sprinkled on the furrow surface, and then covered with fine soil centimeters, generally about 3 days can be seedlings.

To prevent and control the black root disease of cabbage, it is necessary to drain the high furrow, irrigate less, sprinkle many times, appropriately choose fully rotted fertilizer, cover the soil should not be too thick, and sowing should not be too dense. 50% of the seed amount before sowing Fumeishuang and Dyszeb zinc powder seed dressing.

1. Crop rotation with non-cruciferous vegetables for more than 3 years.

2. Before sowing, mix seeds with 50% Fumeibi or 65% zeb zinc wettable powder.

3. The seedbed is selected in a place with higher terrain and good drainage, and the disease-free new soil is selected as the seedbed, and the old seedbed should be soiled, mixed with 40% pentachloronitrobenzene powder and 50% Fumei double wettable powder, and 9 10 grams per square meter are mixed into 3 4 kg of fine soil and mixed well, and 1 3 of the medicinal soil is sprinkled on the furrow surface of the bottom water before sowing, and then the remaining medicinal soil is covered with seeds after sowing.

4. Apply decomposed manure, sowing should not be too dense, covering the soil should not be too thick, strengthen field management after planting, timely drainage, and timely pull out diseased seedlings.

5. Pharmaceutical prevention and control can be used 20% methyl phosphorus 1000 times solution, or 60% Duofu 500 times solution, or 75% chlorothalonil 600 times solution, or cupramia mixture 400 times liquid or 50% promethanin wettable powder 1200 times liquid, or 45% Tekeduo suspension 1000 times liquid, etc., 7 10 days 1 time, spray 2 3 times.

The seedbed soil should be mixed with quintozene and Fumei in equal amounts, and 10 grams per square meter should be mixed with 3-4 kg of dry fine soil to disinfect the seedbed soil.

Apply decomposed manure, sowing should not be too dense, and the covering soil should not be too thick.

The disease is an earth-borne disease, mainly caused by bacteria, and the incidence is mostly in high temperature and humidity areas and rainy seasons. After cauliflower is planted, the disease is easy to spread in the case of humid and rainy or high temperature weather after rain, and there is water accumulation in the field. In addition to cauliflower, black shin disease can also harm cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage, rape, radish, and kale.

Potato black shank disease is an important disease that harms potato, it is a vascular disease, which mainly harms the stem base and tuber of potato, and often causes the lack of seedlings and ridges and the rot of tubers in the field.

<> there is a seed potato company in Bashang District, Hebei Province, which can be regarded as a well-known enterprise in the domestic seed potato industry. However, the seed potatoes produced are more or less black shin disease in different regions, which link is the problem? After careful investigation, the problem appeared in the palletizing of the storage link.

Before sowing seeds from the disease-free Maratsuka, the seeds can be disinfected by soaking them in water at a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius for 20 minutes, and then sowing them again, or using the bleaching powder from the seeds, adding a small amount of water and mixing the seeds, and then sowing them in a container closed for 16 hours. The pathogen invades from the wound at the tip of the root, multiplies in the duct, obstructs the passage of water, and produces toxins, causing the plant to die. Prevention and control measures:

1. Implement crop rotation. 2. Select and breed blight-resistant varieties. 3. Sow seeds at the right time and avoid the high temperature season.

This is cabbage wilt, which occurs mainly in summer-sown cultivation and continues from the seedbed stage until Honda. After planting, the seedlings initially have 2 or 3 lower leaves that are yellow. The main vein is the center, one side of the leaf is yellow, and the main vein is twisted to the yellowing side, and the leaf is deformed.

The petiole was autopsied, and the duct on the yellowing side changed from yellow to dark brown. This symptom is called cabbage black shift disease, which is easy to occur in a high temperature and humidity environment. **Here's how:

70% mancozeb wettable powder 400 solution plus 50% tianmycolin wettable powder 800 solution spray, spray once every 7 days, spray 3-4 times in a row.

The pathogen likes high temperature and high humidity conditions, and the humidity is high at the seedling stage. After planting, it is humid and rainy or high temperature after rain, and the disease is easy to spread. Heavy cropping, poorly drained land, and waterlogged land are all susceptible to disease.

Disposal method: Rotate crops with non-cruciferous vegetables for more than three years in seriously ill areas. When planting, the diseased seedlings are strictly eliminated and planted finely to prevent root damage.

Do a good job of underground pest control. The drug can be treated with 50% tobuzin 500 times, or 50% carbendazim 500 times, or 60% Duofu 600 times, or 40% carbexb 500 times.

1. High temperature and high humidity are conducive to the development of diseases, such as when there is rain or excessive humidity during the seedling period, the disease occurs more severely; 2. Humid and rainy or high temperature after rain, the disease is easy to epidemic; Under drought conditions, diseases are suppressed or do not occur; 3. Cabbage seeds can carry bacteria, and if the humidity is high during the seedling period, it is easy to be popular; 4. Long-term continuous cropping and the application of organic fertilizer that is not fully decomposed will cause the accumulation of pathogens and easily cause morbidity.

Prevention and control measures 1, strict elimination of diseased seedlings when planting. Detect and remove diseased seedlings in time. After harvesting, the diseased remains are completely removed and the soil is turned deeply; 2. Spray 400 500 times of 70% mancozeb wettable powder, or 500 times of 50% zinc mancozeb wettable powder, or 600 800 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, or 500 600 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder.

Spray once every 5 6 days, and spray 3 or 4 times in a row. When spraying plants, it should be combined with spraying the ground to improve the control effect.