How to treat apple black heart disease? What causes Apple Black Heart? How to prevent it?

Prevention and control methods of apple black heart disease:

Agricultural control. Strengthen cultivation management and enhance tree potential: reasonable fertilization, pay attention to the reasonable coordination of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.

Strictly control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium. Increase the application of organic fertilizer, improve the root growth environment, improve the nutrient supply capacity, enhance the tree potential, and improve the disease resistance of fruits. In the young fruit stage and fruit expansion stage, the leaf can be sprayed 2-3 times to increase the calcium content in the tree, which helps to reduce the respiration intensity, improve the ability to resist decay, and reduce the damage of fruit rot.

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Carefully clean the garden and reduce the base of the source of disease: when pruning in winter, combine pruning and pruning to remove the diseased and stiff fruits on the tree, pick up the diseased fruits at any time, and pick them out of the garden to burn or bury them deeply to reduce the source of infection.

Improve the overall management level of the orchard: the orchard in the peak fruit period can take technical means such as thinning, head dropping, and drying according to its planting density to solve the problem of light, ensure the ventilation and light transmission of the canopy, and reduce the incidence rate.

Chemical control. Before germination, the whole garden is sprayed with a 5-degree stone sulfur mixture to kill the overwintering bacteria on the tree. Apple buds spray once 1:

3: 300 times lime poly-amount Bordeaux liquid. When the first flower in the whole garden opens, spray 700 times of 40% pyrazole methyl sulfide (Xifu), or 1000-1500 times of 50% iprodione.

When the flowers fall 70%, spray 70% thiophanate-methyl (methyl tobuzin) 800 times, or 3% polyantimycin wettable powder 300 times. 10 days after flowering, 10% difenoconazole can be used 1000-1200 times. Thinning the fruit as early as possible, selecting and retaining the excellent and strong side fruits; good harvesting, storage and transportation; After picking the fruit, it is sorted and packed in a timely manner, and stored for freshness to minimize the loss during storage.

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Apple scab is a kind of infectious disease, generally harming the leaves and fruits of apple trees, if not prevented in time, it will directly affect the yield and quality of apples, if you do not want the orchard to be attacked by apple scab, you need to do a good job of prevention as soon as possible. The following are apple scab prevention and control tips, I hope it will be helpful to all fruit growers.

How to prevent apple scab? Apple scab prevention and control tips.

Apple scab is also known as apple scab disease; It has occurred in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia and other provinces, autonomous regions and other regions, and has increased year by year.

Scab mainly affects apple leaves and fruits.

Leaf infection: yellow-green round or radial lesions appear at first, then turn brown to black, the edge is obvious, bulge to the front of the leaf as bubble spots, the surface of the light brown velvety mold layer, when the disease is severe, the leaves become smaller and thicker, curled or twisted, the lesions heal each other and form large spots, and the diseased part is dry and cracked. It will cause early defoliation of fruit trees, and affect flower bud differentiation and tree potential.

How to prevent apple scab?

Fruit infection: primary pale green spots, round or oval, gradually brown to black, the surface also produces a black velvety mold layer, as the fruit expands, the lesions gradually concave and harden, and often stellate cracking. This will have a direct impact on the yield and quality of apples.

Pathogenesis: The initial infection of apple scab is the ascospores in the ascomycetes on the deciduous upper leaves. Reinfection is a conidia spread by wind and rain.

In general, low temperature and humidity are conducive to the initial infection and spread of pathogens, and summer is also conducive to the development of diseases. When the disease is hot and dry, it is not conducive to transmission.

Prevention and control methods: Be sure to do a good job in cleaning the garden: spray the whole garden with 60-100 times of liquid + organic silicon to kill germs and nourish the tree.

Apple scab prevention and control tips.

Maintain the vigor of the tree and reduce the appearance of old, weak and diseased trees; If there are old and weak trees, use 150-300 times of R. solanacearum + 300-500 times of Diliwang + 600 times of Wofonsu to irrigate the capillary root area to promote root growth, nutrition and rejuvenation, enhance tree potential, and enhance the disease resistance of apples.

During the leaf development period and fruit growth period, spray with Liangguoan 150-300 times + Wofeng 600 times + organic silicon; It can improve the photosynthesis of apples, enhance tree potential, and enhance resistance.

In the period of high incidence of the disease or the initial appearance of the disease, it is necessary to increase the concentration of traditional Chinese (herbal) medicine and continuously use drugs to control the spread of the disease; It can increase the concentration of Liangguoan to 100-150 times + 600 times of wofengsu + 1000 times of garlic oil, spray continuously for 2-3 days, and the corresponding chemical drugs can be compounded if the condition is serious.

The key to the prevention and control of black heart disease is to spray pesticides during flowering to reduce the fruit carrier rate, and refrigerate in time after harvest to control the development of the disease.

1.The cause of apple black heart: Apple black heart may be apple mold heart disease, which is caused by two fungal infections, both of which belong to semi-known bacteria.

It is one of the important diseases in the early growth, harvest and storage period of apple fruits, and the disease is mainly harmful to marshal varieties and varieties cultivated with marshal varieties as parents. The disease is characterized by normal fruit appearance, mildew in the heart and rotting flesh. Diseased fruits appear after the fruit enters the ripening stage, and the number of diseased fruits increases at the harvest stage, and the pathogenic bacteria continue to expand during the storage period.

2.The fruit is stored in 0 cold storage after harvest, which can inhibit the spread of pathogens.

3.Prevention and control methods: Eliminate the source of overwintering bacteria.

Spray 3 5 degrees of stone sulfur mixture before budding. Combined with the prevention and control of apple spotted defoliation, spray the fungicide once before flowering, during the flowering period, and 7 days after flowering, and choose the agent: 10 polyantimycin 1500 times, 3% polyantimycin 500 times, 50% promethine 1500 times, or 120 pesticide antibiotic 300 times water, pay attention to the alternating use of the above agents.

Prevention and control methods: The key to the prevention and control of moldy heart disease is to spray pesticides during flowering to reduce the rate of fruit carryover, and refrigerate in time after harvest to control the development of the disease.

1. Strengthen cultivation management, enhance tree potential, and improve the disease resistance of the tree; do a good job of orchard hygiene, especially flowering hygiene; Before flowering, thoroughly remove dead tissues such as pruned branches and fallen leaves from the tree.

2. Pharmaceutical prevention and control: at the early flowering stage of apples and when the flowers fall 70%-80%, spray 600-800 times of Fulu suspension agent or 1000 times of easy-to-retain water dispersible granules or 200-300 times of polyantimycin wettable powder, which can basically control the disease. The earlier the time is the better, and the spray is almost ineffective after the flowers are completely dropped.

3. Low-temperature storage, storing fruits at 1-3 times, can basically control the growth and spread of pathogens, and avoid the formation of carrot fruit after harvest.