How the ancient imperial court sent directives to various places

In general, it mainly relies on the post station to transmit the news, and the decrees issued by the emperor are transmitted to the state capitals and counties across the country through the post station personnel, and the ** who receive the decree will be supervised by the imperial history ** of the imperial court lurking in various places. If the local ** does not respect the decree, then the information will be transmitted to the Imperial Historical Observatory as soon as possible.

Then it was submitted to the emperor, and finally the emperor appointed a messenger to check whether the situation was true, and if it was true, he would be dismissed on the spot and escorted back to the capital for trial.

Medium of communication: mainly horses and boats. From the Zhou Dynasty.

In the beginning, the emperors of each dynasty made the construction of roads and post stations a priority. Sui and Yuan dug the Grand Canal.

It is also an important means to strengthen ties between different places. In some dynasties, there were special ** management roads in various places. When the fast horses and express trains that deliver the decrees arrive at the post station, they will hand over the documents to other fast horses and express trains, and ensure the speed by relaying.

Information transmission channel: a first-level administrative region from the Tang Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty.

"Road" is set up according to the principle of convenient transportation; The Yuan Dynasty began to implement the provincial system, and the territory of the province was staggered, which had the meaning of preventing separation. The province was downgraded to a second-level administrative district, and the number and area were also greatly reduced; In the Ming and Qing dynasties, Dao became a division between prefectures, prefectures, and provinces, rather than formal administrative divisions.

But each province has its own official position.

Addendum: In ancient times, imperial power only reached the county level, so the decree could be conveyed to each county, unlike now when it has to be reported to every town and village. This has resulted in "the sky is high and the emperor is far away", and the grassroots people are very likely to know nothing about the major affairs of the imperial court.

It's all messengers, fast horses, and hastened to deliver wherever they go.

Therefore, all the holy decrees are the first to be responded to by the capital, followed by Gyeonggi, and the farther away the later.

When you go to the frontier, you don't care about it, and it's basically autonomous, so there are clouds"The sky is high and the emperor is far away"

Until the late Qing Dynasty, a Sino-foreign war was lost because ** failed to receive the emperor's order in time.

Mainly rely on the post station to transmit the news, through the post station personnel will be the emperor issued by the decree to the state capital and county government across the country, the first to receive the decree will be subject to the imperial court lurking in various places of the imperial history ** supervision. If the local ** does not respect the decree, then the information will be transmitted to the imperial history platform as soon as possible, and then handed to the emperor, and finally the emperor will appoint a messenger to check whether the situation is true, and if it is true, then it will be dismissed on the spot and sent back to the capital for trial. The whole process is in order, and there is generally no disrespect for the emperor's oracle, because the supervision system of the feudal dynasty is very perfect, and there will be no unsmooth government decrees.

Except for special periods, that is, coups d'état and large-scale wars.

According to the rules and regulations of the ancient court, the salary of the ancient court was divided into two categories: once a year and once a month. Most of the time it is issued once a year.

According to the size of the official position and the actual nature of the position, there is also a difference in the type of income of the **. Therefore, it is not only a matter of silver, but also of grain, meat, silk fabrics, coal, ice cubes, and other daily necessities. <>

In terms of the type of money issued, there are also differences in each dynasty and generation. During the Jin Dynasty, because there was no so-called silver at that time, the emperor rewarded these ** for the way of using the land. For example, how much land I divide for you, and then all the income in this land, minus your money, and then hand over to me how much grain.

The real period of silver distribution was the Han Dynasty, when the distribution of money was received once a year, and other things such as fiefs could also be used instead of silver, and the choice was relatively free. <>

In the Song Dynasty, the Yulu was relatively high, and the Yulu of the Song Dynasty included clothing, food, housing, transportation, etc., and even servants, and each person had money for food every year, silk, cloth, etc. In the Tang Dynasty, because the silk weaving industry was very developed, silk and satin could also be used as a currency in circulation at that time. In the Ming Dynasty Zhu Yuanzhang period, the Yu Lu was relatively low, Zhu Yuanzhang directly chose to distribute food, the Ming Dynasty ** Yu Lu is generally composed of three parts: in kind, currency and land.

In the Qing Dynasty, especially during the Qianlong period, there were many large and small money houses in the country, and the silver could be exchanged for silver in the large money houses. <

The ** of the ancient emperors was all over the world, and when it came time to issue the money, it was generally issued once a year. ** Go to the household department to get the voucher, and then go to the treasury with the voucher to collect the voucher can also let the servants of the family move home. The emperor set up a treasury not only in the capital, but also in all parts of the country.

It is convenient to collect taxes and distribute their stipends.

They will first be distributed to the designated administrative office in each district, and then ** go to collect the money or have soldiers deliver it to the door.

In ancient times, every place had a local office, and these offices can also be understood as the local treasury, and whenever the salary is paid, you can go to the office to receive the money, but the money of the office is generally obtained from the local tax.

Generally, if you are in the capital, you will go to the treasury of the capital to pick it up, and if you are in other places, you will go to the treasury of your province to pick it up.

In the Middle Ages, there were several ways to transmit information about military operations:

The canned stare used to transmit strategic intelligence remotely is the beacon, the stagecoach. Beacon is commonly known as beacon fire, wolf smoke, with a pillar of smoke during the day, a bonfire at night, using the different quantities of smoke pillars and bonfires to indicate the number of invading enemy troops and the place of invasion. But the specific information needs to be conveyed by a stagecoach, that is, a horseback messenger, the Hongling urgent envoy of the Han Dynasty, the arrow of the Yuan Dynasty, and the x hundred miles of the Ming and Qing dynasties.

The communication at the campaign and tactical level mainly used flags, golden drums, and heralds, and after the Ming Dynasty, a large number of fireworks (flag flower artillery) were also added to the stool.

Let the secretary write the manuscript.

The Emperor personally reviewed it.

The emperor was late to imitate the seal of the seal.

The full-time person in charge of the state court of Chaoma sealed.

The messenger will quickly whip the messenger and deliver it to the destination day and night.

Since ancient times, the imperial courts of all dynasties have had a lot of ** to maintain the operation of the state apparatus. Some people think that our country is vast and distributed in various places, and it will be particularly troublesome for the imperial court to pay salaries to them. In fact, the ancients were very wise, and the ** of all dynasties and dynasties took different ways in order to facilitate the payment of wages.

Generally speaking, it is divided into the following types: first, the full payment in kind, second, the mixed payment of goods and money, and the third is the payment of wages by the local finance.

1. Completely send physical goods

In the early days, the imperial court paid salaries to the **, not money, but grain, once a year and once every six months. When it was time to pay wages, they had to take their families and horses carrying grain to a specific place to receive food.

2. Food and money are mixed

After the commodity economy has developed to a certain extent, the income of the ** has also changed, not only to distribute food, but also to send some cloth and the like, adding some money. At this time, although the money was made, because it was a mixture of food and money, it was allocated to the local government by the state treasury, and then the money was sent to the hands of **. In ancient times, the treasury was equivalent to the current bank, and it also had some functions as a financial institution.

3. Local finance pays wages

In addition to the above two forms, some imperial courts choose to bear the local wages by the local finance, so as to avoid all kinds of inconveniences of ** appropriation. Every year, when it is time to pay wages, ** will go to the local wage payment institutions to receive wages, and their wages are mainly composed of some grain, cloth and some money. Since it is a local salary, the wages of those places with good economic conditions will be higher than those in places with poor economies.

In ancient times, there were no convenient financial transfer methods such as banks and Alipay, but the imperial court also had its own methods for paying salaries, and at that time, those methods were also operable and convenient. Each period has its own characteristics, and we can't think that the ancients lived inconveniently when it comes to ancient times, after all, things are dead, and people are alive, and they will come up with many ways to make life more convenient.

With the change of the system of the dynasty, their money was directly stored in the money village that specializes in managing money, and if you want to use it, you can take it directly.

The ancient ** people had their money customized. The amount of silver to be distributed each year can be distributed by the local higher authorities. Because they had to pay taxes to the imperial court. These ** money can be deducted from here, and the higher level will be sent to the lower level.

At that time, the monetary system was not perfect, and the complete monetary age had not yet arrived, so there was a considerable amount of bartering transactions, and the taxes paid by the people at that time were not coins, but more in kind, such as grain, silk, cloth, etc. Therefore, more often than not, the money received is the real thing.

It's like a guild in World of Warcraft.

The Emperor is the guild leader.

The message released by the president will be displayed in the announcement, and those who do not comply will pay a heavy price.

The emperor's orders were issued in various small places, and then put in batches in everyone's minds.

The post station fast horse passed the book.

However, it is generally impossible, and it mainly depends on how the people below do things.

Although there was no information network as developed in ancient times as it is now, there were institutions similar to banks in each place, the distribution of ** is carried out in these places. The time for each dynasty to pay is different, some are annual salaries, some are paid twice a year, and some are monthly. andIt is not necessarily gold or silver, and many of them are replaced by grain and cloth.

Thanks to advanced science and technology, we can now receive wages without having to leave our homes. In ancient times, there were no banks, but there were special institutions for the distribution of money in various places. The main finances of these institutions are local taxes, so even if the traffic is not convenient, there can still be a place to get it from all over the world.

In ancient times, wages were not like real money as we do now, but were replaced by daily necessities such as grain, daily necessities, cloth, and spices. When it comes to reducing expenses, the land will be used to offset wages. Something with weight like grain, in ancient times, it was generally picked up by domestic servants, or by the porter at that time, which is equivalent to the current express delivery.

As for the time of the ancient fortune, different dynasties had different regulations. In the Han Dynasty, wages were paid annually; During the Sui Dynasty, it was issued twice a year; During the Wei and Jin dynasties, the salary of ** was paid on a monthly basis, of course, is limited to positions above the prefectural ordinance.

In the Song Dynasty, there was "Jiaozi", which had the same function as paper money now, which gradually changed the way of using grain as a slu. In this way, it is obviously much easier to receive the money, and it also saves a lot of manpower and material resources, which is a great development in Chinese history.

In ancient times, there were no banks, but there were special departments for distributing money, and their money was not necessarily gold and silver, but it was possible that it was grain, cloth, etc.

In ancient times, there were no banks, but there were special institutions for the distribution of money in various places. The main finances of these institutions are local taxes

The granary and the gold and silver storehouse are the ones that store these things, so just take the stamped documents and get them. Some send it once a year, and some send it once a month.

Although there were no banks in ancient times, there were special institutions for receiving money in both ** and localities, and the treasury was equivalent to a bank at that time. All the local ** money is spent by the local government, and it is directly received in the local government, in addition to cash, there are also grain, silk and so on.

The official's household department is issued, and the office of the official ** to receive the income is fixed, which is the household department for the relatively large Beijing officials, and for the foreign and smaller ones, it is the corresponding level of financial outlets, such as the warehouses where the government at all levels stores money and grain.

Before the advent of ancient paper money, grain was generally used as a substitute for the issuance of money. Because in ancient times, grain could be said to be a hard currency, which could be sold all over the country。Therefore, when it is time to distribute the money, you will often see a large number of people in the place where the money is distributed.

Of course, the timing of the distribution of the money was different in each dynasty, for example, in the Han Dynasty, it was distributed in years, while in the Sui Dynasty, it was distributed on a quarterly basis. There are also some dynasties and the common people now, which are almost distributed on a monthly basis.

In the early days, it was mainly based on food, but sometimes other necessities were added. For example, silk or cloth. Because in ancient times, these things were hard currency

Because these things can be sold all over the country. So before the invention of paper money, grain can be said to have played a very huge role. Because if there is no food, it will cause a chaotic situation in the whole society.

However, later in the Song Dynasty, paper money appeared, which also made paper money replace grain. Moreover, the convenience of paper money has also been welcomed by the common people, so there will be such a thing as a silver ticket in the later period。Therefore, it is also changed according to the development of the whole society.

Because the use of banknotes is very convenient. This is because once the grain is used, it will be difficult to preserve. This can also cause some grains to become moldy as a result.

So this will also cause a lot of damage to yourself.

Of course, the situation is different for each dynasty, so it is impossible to compare at all.