What are the common symptoms of vegetable fertilizer?

Once fertilizer damage occurs, it will cause crop mesophyll tissue.

Collapse, stunted root growth, slowness, dwarfing, etc., and even lead to the death of the whole plant, such as the occurrence of fertilizer damage crops have this characteristic. Nitrogen fertilizers, organic fertilizers, etc. all volatilize ammonia.

When the concentration of ammonia reaches a certain amount, the aerial parts of vegetables will be injured and the mesophyll tissue will be destroyed, and chlorophyll will occur.

Disintegration, dots or lumps of black-brown lesions appear between the leaf veins, and in severe cases, the whole plant dies.

Due to the excessive amount of fertilizer and the high salt content on the surface, the root growth is seriously hindered, and the harmful symptoms are mainly manifested as plant dwarfing, black and green leaf color with hardening, heart leaf curl, young leaves and calyx.

There is a dry tip in the area. It emits a lot of heat, which burns the root system and eventually the root system is unable to absorb nutrients. Organic fertilizer may also have problems such as inappropriate use of raw materials, resulting in excessive heavy metals, excessive salinity, and excessive bacteria in the soil, resulting in damage to the root system and fertilizer damage.

<> fertilizer is directly applied to the roots of the plant when fertilizing, which is the most likely to breed fertilizer damage, the root system not only can not absorb fertilizer in a short time, but also because of the rapid and rapid fertilizer, the root system is damaged, the reason is that when applying ammonia nitrogen fertilizer, because the amount of fertilizer can not be accurately grasped, the result is too much fertilizer and fertilizer damage. Ammonia poisoning can be subdivided into two types: internal injury hazards and traumatic hazards, and we can see the specific explanations.

Soil acidification and compaction, not only affect the root permeability and cause root diseases, but also inhibit the absorption of various elements, resulting in slow crop growth, acidification of the compacted soil, wet green, dry skin red, friends can check whether their greenhouse has this situation. In recent years, it often occurs in winter greenhouse production, and ammonia poisoning hazards are divided into two types: traumatic and internal. The traumatic damage mainly harms the leaves and leaf margins of the seedlings to turn brown first and then white, and water-stained spots appear around the leaves first, and they die in severe cases.

There will be black spots on the leaves of vegetables, and there will be leaf rot, vegetables will no longer get nutrients will not grow, if a large amount of fertilizer is applied to the roots, then it will cause root necrosis, and the leaves of vegetables will not get nutrients, this phenomenon will occur.

In the initial stage, the leaves are wilted and drooping, but the stems generally do not rot and do not change colorIn severe cases, the leaves are soaked in water and die, and when the root system is pulled out, it will be found that the root hair of the diseased plant is less, no new roots are generated, and the root system is brown or rotten, which seriously affects the absorption function of vegetables.

The leaves will be very wilted, and the vegetable leaves will also have some black spots, and there will also be some pests and diseases, which are common symptoms.

Yellowish white or grayish-white irregular spots appear on the surface of the leaves, which enlarge as the disease progresses. The edges of the dead spots on the leaves are grayish-white, and the inner mesophyll does not have time to fade green, and it is dark withered green, and it is perforated in the later stage. The leaf surface is too hypertrophied.

It will be found that it is easy to die, and dark spots will appear, and the growth is very slow, and the plants are very small, and the green leaves have curly hair.

1. Traumatic hypertrophy. 1. Ammonia poisons ammonia volatilizes in the air, and when its concentration is higher than 5 l l, water-stained spots appear on the leaves, and the cells lose water and die, leaving dead spots. When the concentration of ammonia reached 40 l l, the vegetable was acutely injured, the mesophyll tissue was necrotic, the chlorophyll disintegrated, and the punctate and lumpy brown lesions appeared between the leaf veins.

Ammonia poisoning is easy to occur not only when ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia are applied, but also often when urea is applied. 2. The fertilization concentration is too large. When the amount of chemical fertilizer or human and animal manure is too large at one time, the concentration of soil solution will be too high.

When the total salt concentration in the soil exceeds 300mg kg, the cell osmotic resistance increases, the root system is difficult to absorb water, and the nutrient absorption of crops is blocked.

Crop mesophyll tissue collapse, root growth is stunted, slow, dwarfed, etc., and even lead to the death of the whole plantThe main symptoms are:The plant is dwarfed, the leaf color is black and green with a hardening feeling, the heart leaves are curled, and the young leaves and calyx parts have dry tips.

Generally, symptoms can appear within a few hours to a few days after application, and generally manifest as spots, perforations, burning, curling, deformity, wilting, yellowing, greening or whitening of vegetable leaves. Root damage is manifested as short, thick and hypertrophic roots, sparse root hairs, yellowing or thickening, brittleness, and rotting root bark.

This damage occurs mainly on the leaves of crops and sometimes on stems or peels. Common drug spots include brown spots, macula, and reticular spots. If butachlor is not sprayed properly in the early stage of rice seedlings, irregular brown spots will be produced on rice leaves; Watermelon seedlings spraying well-gangmycin will cause small spots.

There will often be some spots, and they are also particularly wilted, these are common symptoms of vegetables, so there should also be a ** plan.

Paclobutrazol drug damage, sodium compound nitrophenol drug damage, arthromine drug damage, ethephon drug damage, a-naphthalene acetic acid drug damage, triasanol drug damage, gibberellin drug damage.

Burnt leaves, fallen leaves, rotten roots, white spots appear on the leaves, and the tail ends are charred;

The root system is underdeveloped, and the absorption of water and fertilizer is reduced;

If the concentration of soil solution is too large, the plant will undergo reverse osmosis, resulting in physiological wilting, root burning, and leaf edge scorching.

Toxic gas hazards, such as fumigation of plant leaves.

Rape vegetable fertilizer**

One is gas poisoning. When the concentration of ammonia in the seedbed or field is higher than 5 10e 6 or above, the stems and leaves of leafy vegetables such as rape are water-stained spots, causing cell water loss, and when the ammonia concentration is higher than 40 10e 6, it causes acute injury, necrosis of the conduction tissue, chlorophyll disintegration, and obvious brownish-black spots or lumpy spots appear between stems and leaves.

The application of ammonium carbonate, ammonia, and urea can occur in production. Urea is an amide nitrogen fertilizer, which is hydrolyzed into ammonium carbonate under the action of uremia enzyme in the soil, and then decomposes to produce gaseous ammonia, in case of high temperature conditions, the soil water content is less than 20%, then gaseous ammonia is easy to be deposited on the seedbed or soil surface, causing gas toxicity. Concentration and deposition time were positively correlated with damage.

The second is concentration damage. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers or organic fertilizers can cause concentration damage. When the salt concentration in the soil is higher than 3000 10e 6, the function of the plant to absorb nutrients and water is inhibited, and the cell osmotic resistance is large, resulting in the symptoms of concentration injury.

Under the action of air, moisture and temperature, these fertilizers decompose a large number of organic acids and heat, causing the roots of cabbage vegetables such as greens to withstand high acid and high heat and cause fertilizer damage. In particular, excessive application leads to overload of soil available nitrogen content and high concentration, resulting in seed rot and seedling burning. In some cases, the accumulation of nitrous acid causes poisoning.

The third is antagonism. Excessive application of potassium fertilizer will cause excessive potassium content in the soil, which will hinder the absorption of calcium, magnesium, boron and other trace elements and cause nutrient deficiency.

The above content refers to Encyclopedia - Rape Vegetable Fertilizer.

Encyclopedia - Fertilizer.

1. Yellowing of leaf tips: When crops are damaged by burn fertilizer, the leaf tips will turn yellow and die. 2. The root system turns black:

Applying excessive fertilizer to crops can cause their roots to turn black and rot. 3. Scorched leaf edges: white spots will appear on the leaves when the crop is fertilized, and the leaf tips will be scorched.

4. Seedlings wilting: excessive fertilizer concentration makes crops wilt and yellow.

1. The leaf tip is yellow

When breeding crops, if fertilizers such as ammonium carbonate are applied to them when the temperature is too high, a large amount of ammonia will be produced, which will cause burn fertilizer damage to the leaves of crops, make the tips of the leaves yellow, and in severe cases, cause the whole plant of crops to die.

2. The root system is blackened

Crops like fertilizer, but do not like too much fertilizer, when breeding crops, if more fertilizer is applied to it, it will cause the plant to be burned roots, so that the roots of crops are black and rotten, and too much fertilizer will make the soil salt concentration too large, making the soil alkaline.

3. The leaf edges are scorched

When cultivating crops, if a large concentration of fertilizer is sprinkled on the leaf surface of the plant, it will cause white spots on the leaves of the crop, which will make the leaf tips scorched, so it is best to spray water mist on the crop to relieve the fertilizer effect, or cut off the whitish leaves of the crop.

4. The seedlings wilted

Crops are not tolerant of thick fertilizer, when breeding crops, if the concentration of fertilizer is too large, it will cause the seedlings of the plant to wilt and yellow, at this time it is necessary to water water to the soil, so that the fertilizer content in the soil is reduced, and the unrotted organic fertilizer contains insect eggs, which will make the crops infected with diseases.

1. Sclerotinia sclerotinia sclerotinia disease: this disease mainly damages stems, leaves, flowers and pods. The lesions on the stem are light brown at first, slightly concave, and then turn grayish, and when the humidity is high, the diseased part becomes soft and rotten, and white flocculent (mycelium of the pathogen) grows on the surface.

The cortex of the diseased stem decays, and the pith mostly disappears into cavities, and there are large black sclerotia inside, like mouse droppings, and sometimes there are sclerotia on the stem surface. The disease begins at the flowering stage of green vegetables and continues to damage until maturity. As a result, the plants withered early, the seeds are wilted, and the yield is reduced.

2. Downy mildew of green vegetables: This disease can occur in the whole growth period of green vegetables, resulting in leaf death, inflorescence hypertrophy and deformity, which can damage leaves, stems, flowers and pods. The symptoms are the initial yellowish and inconspicuous lesions on the front of the affected leaves, which are polygonal, and white frosty mold grows on the diseased part of the back of the leaves.

Failure to set seeds or poor seed set, reduced rapeseed yield and quality.

3. Green cauliflower mosaic disease: The symptoms of green cauliflower mosaic disease are characterized by the symptoms of bright veins on the young leaves after infection, and all or part of the leaf veins are light yellow (slightly transparent to light), followed by mosaic symptoms (that is, yellow-green and dark green). A few leaves become deformed, the plants are dwarfed, the fruit is less, and the number of unfruit grains increases.

If the disease is severe, the whole plant is short and deformed. The stems tend to produce water-stained, brown to black-brown dead stripes. Diseased pods are bent, and severely diseased plants tend to die early.

4. Boron deficiency and atrophy of green vegetables: The atrophy of green vegetables is a non-infectious disease caused by boron deficiency of cabbage-type greens, and when boron deficiency is severe, green vegetables can develop from the seedling stage to the moss stage, and the diseased plants shrink and die. In moderate to mild boron deficiency, the plant shows symptoms during flowering, and the pods are not fruitful.

Its symptoms are characterized by poor root development, browning of the epidermis, and swelling of some roots; The leaves become dark green, the leaf shape becomes smaller, the leaf quality thickens, and even concave and convex wrinkled, and then turns purple and blue-purple, and the leaf veins fade green and yellow; The growth point and the tip of the inflorescence fade green and white prematurely, shrivel and dry; The pods stop developing, with little or no fruit, and the pods and stem epidermis also turn purple or blue-purple, or purple-blue streaks. 5. The types and dosages of sclerotinia agents are: 40% sclerotinia net wettable powder 1000 1500 times 1 2 times, 50% carbendazim powder 500 times 2 3 times, 20% methyl licumin 1000 times 1 2 times, 70% methyl tobuzin wettable powder 500 1500 times 2 times.

It is most appropriate to spray when the flowering rate of the main stem is more than 95%, the flowering rate of the first branch is about 50%, or the rate of leaf diseased plants is more than 10%, and the rate of stem diseased plants is less than 1%. Spray 1 2 times, with an interval of 7 to 10 days.

What are the general characteristics of fertilizer damage on vegetable crops? Do you know? As the saying goes:

A crop flower depends on fat. Vegetable growers know that the use of multiple fertilizers is essential for vegetables to grow well, achieve high yields, high quality, and high quality. Scientific, reasonable and efficient fertilization can not only continuously improve the fertility of vegetable fields, but also greatly improve the yield and quality of vegetables, and enhance the stress resistance of vegetables.

Vegetable diseases are a common problem among vegetable farmers. In fact, the occurrence of many vegetable diseases is not a problem of planting management, but a harm caused by improper use of chemical fertilizers.

Improper fertilization type, fertilization method, fertilization cycle and fertilizer amount often cause vegetable fertilization harm, and the more fertilization, the more serious the fertilization harm, as the people often say: good intentions do bad things! As long as the properties and characteristics of various fertilizers are grasped and applied scientifically, the harm of fertilizers can be controlled and avoided.

Common causes, symptoms and preventive measures of vegetable fertilizer injuries.

Reason: The application of a large number of unfermented and decomposed organic fertilizers, such as pig manure, cow manure, chicken manure, etc., will produce organic acids and heat in the decomposition process, and will also produce a large number of harmful gases such as ammonia and nitrite, which will harm vegetable roots and aboveground stems and leaves. Symptoms of Obesity:

The early leaves droop, but the stems generally do not rot and do not change color; When the root system is pulled out, it will be found that the diseased plant has fewer root hairs, no new roots, and the root system is brown or rotten, which seriously affects the absorption function of vegetables. It should be thoroughly fermented before use, and it should be evenly mixed with the soil when applying. The combined application of organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer and biological fertilizer can improve the fertilizer efficiency, but the combined application of phosphorus fertilizer will reduce the fertilizer efficiency and affect the yield.

Reason: Whether it's chemical or organic fertilizer, the total amount of one application exceeds the amount needed for vegetables. If the soil water content is insufficient, it is easy to cause the soil salt concentration to be too high, so that the nutrient absorption function of vegetables is blocked, or the phenomenon of water reflux occurs, resulting in dehydration of vegetable roots and damage to fertilizer.

Fertilizer hazard symptoms: plant dehydration and inflammation, burning seedlings, burning roots, stiff seedlings do not grow, leaf deformity, scorched leaves, etc., or such as frost or boiling water overheating, which will affect growth at least and cause gradual wilting and death.