What are the processes of papermaking, and what is the modern papermaking process?

Modern papermaking process:

1) Pulping: Generally, there are three methods of converting wood into pulp, including mechanical pulping, chemical pulping and semi-chemical pulping.

2) Modulation: The strength, tone, printability and length of the paper after the paper is finished are directly related to it.

3) Copying: The thin paper material is evenly interwoven and dehydrated, and then dried, calendered, rolled paper, cut and sorted.

4) Processing: cutting, sorting, packing, and finally wrapping every 500 sheets into a pack (usually called a ream).

The process of papermaking in ancient times:

1) Chopping bamboo and drifting pond: Chopping bamboo and soaking for more than 100 days, and washing off the bamboo.

of green skin. 2) Boil the fire: Put the resulting bamboo into a bucket and steam it with lime for eight days and eight nights.

3) Mortar: Then take out the bamboo and put it into the stone mortar.

Knock with a stone until the bamboo is broken, like a clay surface.

4) Swing the material into the curtain: pour the broken bamboo material into the sink, use the bamboo curtain to swing the material in the water, the bamboo material becomes a thin layer attached to the bamboo curtain, and the rest of the water flows into the tank from the four sides of the bamboo curtain.

5) Cover the curtain and press the paper: Then the curtain is repeated to make the wet paper fall on the board, that is, it becomes a piece of paper. In this way, the process of sprinkling and covering the curtain is repeated, so that thousands of sheets of wet paper are stacked one by one, and then a wooden board is added to squeeze out most of the water.

6) Transparent roasting: Raise the wet paper one by one and dry it. The equipment for baking paper is to build an alley with adobe bricks, a fire is lit in the alley, and after the temperature of the adobe bricks rises, the wet paper is pasted and dried one by one. After drying, it is lifted to form paper.

The papermaking process is composed of the following main links:

Pulping section: raw material selection, cooking and separating fibers, washing, bleaching, washing and screening, concentrating or copying into pulp, storing for later use.

Papermaking section: loose pulping, removing impurities, fine pulping, pulping, preparing various additives, paper mixing, paper flowing, head box, net part, pressing department, drying section, surface sizing, drying, calendering, winding into paper.

Coating section: coating base paper, coating machine, coating, drying, winding, rerolling, super calendering.

Processing section: rewinding, cutting flat plate (or roll), sorting and packing, warehousing end.

The modern papermaking process can be divided into the main steps such as pulping, modulation, copying, and processing.

1. The process of pulping.

Pulp is the first step in papermaking. There are three ways to convert wood into pulp, namely mechanical pulping, chemical pulping, and semi-chemical pulping.

2. Modulation process.

Paper material modulation is another key part of papermaking. Strength, tone, print quality, and the length of the paper's shelf life are all directly related to it. In general, the commonly used modulation process can be roughly divided into the following three steps: a slurry b beating c glue filling.

3. Copying process.

The main work of the paper copying department is to make the tissue paper evenly interwoven and dehydrated, and then dry, press, roll, cut, select, and package.

Composition of the paper:

The raw materials for papermaking are mainly plant fibers. In addition to cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, there are other components that are less abundant, such as resin and ash. In addition, there are auxiliary ingredients such as sodium sulfate.

In addition to plant fibers, paper also needs to be filled with different fillers depending on the paper material. For example, copper antibacterial paper is to composite copper ions on polyacrylonitrile (commonly known as acrylic), first monomer acrylonitrile, modified acrylic composite fiber, and then add modified acrylic fiber to plant fiber, with a variety of purposes of paper, you can make antibacterial paper.

In 2010, the call for environmental protection is getting higher and higher, and paper mills have launched paper composed of recycled paper with different proportions, 100 recycled paper, and only 50 recycled paper to meet different customer needs. Recycled paper comes from waste paper and can be reused after sterilization, pulping, and other treatments. The pulping system is designed to completely break down waste paper without damaging the fibers and destroying the non-paper components.

The process of papermaking is as follows: wood peeling, cutting, shredding wood cooking, washing, pulping, moisture extrusion.

1. Wood peeling: Put the wood used to make paper into the drum and remove the bark.

2. Cutting: Put the peeled wood into the cutting machine.

3. Wood cooking: Feed the wood chips into the digester.

4. Washing: Wash with a large amount of water, and remove the coarse flakes, knots, stones and sand in the pulp through screening and purification.

5. Pulping: Bleaching the pulp to the required color with bleach, and then using the pulping equipment for pulping.

6. Water extrusion: The pulp moves along the belt and dewaters, becoming tighter.

7. Ironing: Use a roller with a smooth surface to iron the surface of the paper smooth.

8. Cutting: Put the paper into the machine and cut it to the standard size.

The invention of papermaking

Papermaking is one of the four great inventions of China, and it is a great invention that promotes the spread of human culture. Papermaking is said to have been invented by Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty of China, but there is also archaeological evidence that papermaking has existed for a long time, and Cai Lun is only an important developer of improving papermaking, making papermaking more successful and less costly. In the early days of the invention of papermaking, the main raw materials for papermaking were tree bark and rags.

Cai Lun uses bark, hemp and cloth, fish nets and other raw materials, through frustration, pounding, copying, drying and other processes to make paper, is the origin of modern paper. This kind of paper, which is easy to find raw materials, is very cheap, and the quality has also improved, and it is gradually becoming more popular. In order to commemorate Cai Lun's achievements, later generations called this kind of paper "Cai Hou paper".

The modern papermaking process can be divided into the main steps such as pulping, modulation, copying, and processing.

1. Pulping process:

Pulp making is the first step in papermaking, and there are generally three methods of converting wood into pulp, including mechanical pulping, chemical pulping and semi-chemical pulping.

Second, the modulation process:

The modulation of paper stock is another key point of papermaking, and the strength, tone, printability, and length of paper shelf life are directly related to it after the paper is completed.

The common modulation process can be roughly divided into loose slurry; Beating; Gluing and filling.

3. The main work of the process papermaking department is to make the thin paper material evenly interwoven and dehydrated, and then dry, calender, roll paper, cut, select, and package, so the general common process is as follows

1. Screening of paper stock: The prepared paper stock is diluted to a lower concentration, and with the help of screening equipment, impurities and undissociated fiber bundles are screened out again to maintain quality and protect the equipment.

2. Mesh part: make the paper material flow out of the head box on the circulating copper wire mesh or plastic mesh and evenly distribute and interweave.

3. Pressing: The wet paper removed from the mesh is led to the two rollers with a woolen cloth, and the wet paper is further dehydrated by the pressing of the roller and the water absorption of the wool cloth, and the paper is tighter to improve the paper surface and increase the strength.

4. Drying cylinder: Because the water content of the wet paper after pressing is still as high as 52% 70%, it is no longer possible to use mechanical force to press out the water, so the wet paper is changed to dry the paper through the surface of many cylinders with internal heat vapor.

5. Roll paper: The paper is rolled into a paper roll by the paper rolling machine.

6. Cutting, sorting and packaging: take a number of paper rolls that have been rolled into a cylinder in front of them, cut them into sheets of paper with a paper cutter, and then remove the damaged or stained paper through manual or mechanical selection, and finally wrap every 500 sheets into a package.

Principles of papermaking:

Pulping is to use mechanical methods, chemical methods or a combination of the two methods to dissociate plant fiber raw materials into colored pulp or bleached pulp. Papermaking is the combination of pulp fibers suspended in water through various processes to meet various requirements.

Another element of papermaking is fiber pulping and percussion, using a stirring knife and high-horsepower machinery to make plant fibers bifurcated and broken, and then copied into paper with greater binding force, unlike smooth filamentous fibers that are easy to slipIn addition, the debris and paste produced after pulping have the function of filling pores and bonding paper when making paper.

Ancient or modern hand-made paper, the use of frame bamboo in the pulp to sieve the floating fibers in the pulp, because the sieving action has the front and back short sides and the left and right long sides of the sieve, so the hand-made paper fibers can be very uniform in various directions and freely arranged, without the silk flow problem mentioned in this article.

In addition, the modern waterless dry papermaking method uses air to disperse and glue the paper, and its fibers are also arranged in a free form and there is no filament flow direction.

The ancient papermaking technology has been improved by Cai Lun to form a set of more stereotyped papermaking processes, which can be roughly summarized into four steps: separation of raw materials, pulping, copying and drying.

The separation of raw materials is to degum the raw materials in the lye solution by soaking or cooking, and disperse them into fibrous formsPulping is to cut off the fiber by cutting and pounding, and make the fiber broom, and become pulp;Copying, that is, the pulp is soaked into a slurry, and then the pulp is scooped with a paper scraper, that is, a mat, so that the pulp is interwoven into a thin sheet of wet paper on the paper scraper;Drying, that is, drying or drying wet paper, and removing it to become paper. After the Han Dynasty, although the process has been continuously improved and matured, these four steps have basically not changed, even in modern times, in wet papermaking production, its production process is still not fundamentally different from China's ancient papermaking method.

In short, papermaking in the Han Dynasty is one of the four great inventions of ancient science and technology in China, and it is a very valuable contribution made by the Chinese nation to world civilization, which has greatly promoted the spread and exchange of science and culture in the world and profoundly affected the course of world history.

Hello answer, I am all happy to serve you, your question I have received, after reading will reply in a timely manner, after asking, because there are too many lists will be answered in turn, will not not not answer, please be patient!

There are eight main steps of papermaking: 1. Put the wood used to make paper into the drum and remove the bark;2. Cut the peeled wood;3. Send the wood chips into the digester4. Wash the pulp with a large amount of water, and remove the coarse flakes, knots, stones and sand in the pulp through screening and purification; 5. Add an appropriate amount of bleach according to the production requirements, and then use the beating equipment for beating; 6. Dehydrate the made pulp; 7. Use a roller to iron the surface of the paper smooth; 8. Put the paper into the machine and cut it to the standard size.

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The process of papermaking is composed of the following main rings and celery sections:

Pulping section: selection of raw materials, cooking and separating fibers, washing, bleaching, washing and screening, concentration or copying into pulp flakes, storage and later use.

Papermaking section: loose pulping, removing impurities, fine pulping, pulping, preparing various additives, mixing of paper stock, flow of paper stock, head box, net department, pressing department, drying section, surface sizing, drying, calendering, winding into paper.

Coating section: coating base paper, coating machine, coating, drying, winding, rerolling, super calendering.

Processing section: rewinding, cutting flat plate (or roll), sorting, packaging, training, and warehousing.

Hello dear, I'm glad to answer for you! The process of papermaking is composed of the following main links: pulping section:

Raw material selection Cooking and separating fibers Washing Bleaching Washing screening Concentration or copying into pulp flakes Storage and spare papermaking section: bulk pulp Removal of impurities Fine pulp Pulping spike key scattering Preparation of various additives Mixing of paper stock Flow of paper stock Head box Mesh part Pressing section Drying section Surface sizing Drying Calendering Winding into paper coating section: coating base paper Coating machine coating drying Winding Reroll Super calendering processing section:

Rewinding, cutting flat plate (chai's or roll), sorting and packaging, warehousing end raw materials: wood, bamboo, cotton and linen and other fiber-containing things can be. Thank you for your patience and hope mine can help you!

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