What are the brain diseases and at what age does meningitis occur?

Common brain diseases, hydrocephalus, brain tumors, cerebral palsy, meningitis, meningitis are more common in people, mainly in infants and children

Common brain diseases include headaches, cerebrovascular diseases, and central nervous system infections. Meningitis does not discriminate at any age, but children with an incomplete blood-brain barrier are more susceptible to infection. It is more common in children under 10 years of age.

The first category of brain diseases is tumors of the brain, the second category is trauma to the brain, and the third category is vascular diseases of the brain. Meningitis is easy to occur in children and the elderly with low resistance, but it can also occur in normal people, young adults and young adults, and there is no specific group of people.

Analysis: Hello, combined with your information, the two are not the same, encephalitis, mostly viral (there are many types of viruses) infection, so that the brain parenchymal tissue is damaged after the lesions; Meningitis, usually inflammation of the meninges caused by bacterial (can be a variety of purulent bacteria) infections. However, some children with viral encephalitis also have pathological changes in the meninges.

Suggestion: Although encephalitis and meningitis are both central nervous system infections, the clinical symptoms have some similarities (e.g., fever, headache, vomiting, loss of appetite, stiffness of the neck, listlessness, lethargy or coma, convulsions, etc.). However, encephalitis with damage to the parenchymal tissue of the brain is more likely to cause localized symptoms, that is, paralysis or paralysis in a certain part of the body, and there are more sequelae left after the disease; In children with meningitis, meningeal symptoms are predominant, such as fullness of the anterior fontanelle, severe headache, projectile vomiting, stiffness of the neck, and other manifestations of increased intracranial pressure.

When encephalitis is accompanied by meningitis, meningeal symptoms can also occur.

1. Tuberculous meningitis

It is a non-purulent inflammation of the meninges caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which accounts for about 6% of systemic tuberculosisMycobacterium tuberculosis infection spreads through the bloodstream and implants under the leptomeninges to form tuberculous nodules, and a large number of tuberculosis bacteria enter the subarachnoid space after the nodules rupture. In recent years, the incidence of tuberculous meningitis has increased dramatically

The mortality rate is increasing. Early diagnosis and ** can improve efficacy and reduce sFatality rate.

2. Viral meningitis

It can be caused by several viruses, including several viruses associated with diarrhea, one of which may be contracted after being bitten by a large vole, etc.

3. Cryptococcal meningitis

It can also be caused by fungi. One of the most common is Cryptococcus, which can be found in pigeons. Healthy people are less susceptible to fungal-related meningitis, but it is not the same for those infected with HIV, a human immunodeficiency virus that can cause AIDS.

4. Acute purulent meningitis

The type of pathogen varies according to the age of the patient. Meningococcal infection predominates in adolescents. The bacterium exists in the nasopharynx of patients and carriers, and is transmitted through the respiratory tract through droplets. In only a small percentage of immunocompromised patients, bacteria can invade the bloodstream from the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and multiply in the bloodstream to reach the meninges and cause meningitis.

In winter and spring, epidemics can form and are called epidemic meningitis.

5. Neonatal meningitis

The most common** is E. coli, and the infection mostly comes from the birth canal. Due to the lack of IgM in the body to neutralize pathogens, invading E. coli bacteria can multiply and cause disease.

6. Influenza bacillus meningitis

It is more common in infants and young children under 3 years old. Pneumococcal meningitis is common in young children and the elderly, with meningeal infections in young children often originating from otitis media and in older people often as a complication of lobar pneumonia.

The early clinical manifestations of meningitis are related to **. In the case of viral meningitis, the early symptoms are generally mild, and symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, cough, etc., will appear.

After the onset of meningitis, the early symptoms are more obvious, and there will be fever, headache, and vomiting. If the patient has these symptoms, it is important to pay attention to them.

The early symptoms are fever, dizziness, headache, vomiting, which is very serious, so it is important to see a doctor as soon as possible.

Analysis: purulent meningitis (purulent

Meningitis, abbreviated as cerebral inflammation, is an inflammation of the meninges caused by various pyogenic bacterial infections. It is common in children, especially infants and young children. Since the introduction of antibiotics, the case fatality rate has dropped from 50 to 90 to less than 10, but it is still one of the serious infectious diseases in children.

Among them, meningococcal bacteria cause the most common, epidemics can occur, and the clinical manifestations have their particularity, called meningococcal meningitis. Epidemic meningitis (meningoccal encephalitis) or paraband, is purulent meningitis caused by meningococcal bacteria. It is more common in winter and spring, and the incidence of rubber in children is high.

Meningococcal bacteria are gram-positive bacteria, which invade the human body from the respiratory tract, multiply in the upper respiratory tract and produce a large number of endotoxins, and when the resistance is low, the pathogen invades the blood, and then invades the meninges, forming purulent meningitis.

Suggestions:

Meningoencephalitis is a condition in which the meninges or meninges (the membrane between the skull and the brain) are infected. It is usually accompanied by complications of bacterial or viral infection of any part of the body, such as ear, sinus or upper respiratory tract infections. Bacterial meningitis is a particularly serious disease that needs to be prompted**.

If left untimely, death can occur within hours or cause permanent brain damage. Viral meningitis is more severe, but most people recover completely, and a few have sequelae.

Meningitis includes dura meningitis and leptomeningitis Due to the advent and use of various antibiotics, the incidence of dura meningitis secondary to open infection has been greatly reduced, so it is now generally leptomeningitis, which includes infection of the leptomeninges, arachnoid membranes, and cerebrospinal fluid. In severe and long-lasting cases, the brain parenchyma can accumulate and cause meningoencephalitis.

Meningitis is generally divided into three types: purulent meningitis (usually caused by bacteria), lymphocytic meningitis (mostly caused by viruses), and chronic meningitis (which can be caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Treponema pallidum, Brucebacillus, and fungi).

Meningitis is rare. In the United States, there are fewer than 3,000 cases each year, mostly in infants and young children under the age of two. Symptoms that start with a cold such as fever, headache, and vomiting are followed by drowsiness and neck pain, especially when the neck is stretched forward.

Small children often experience pain when their backs are arched. The brain will have dark red or light purple petechiae all over the body. In children, encephalitis causes increased intracranial pressure, causing a protruding fontanelle (a soft place where the baby's parietal bones are not closed).

Meningitis can be transmitted in people who live together, such as in student dormitories. Outbreaks of meningitis, particularly bacterial meningitis, are rare. Although there has been an increase in outbreaks since 1991, the cause of this is still unclear.

Encephalitis, also known as central nervous system infection, can be divided into the following according to the location of infection.

1. Encephalitis is mainly an inflammation caused by invasion of the brain parenchyma. Clause.

2. Meningitis, which mainly violates the leptomeninges of the brain. Clause.

3. Meningoencephalitis, that is, the brain parenchyma and meninges are involved together, and according to the onset of the disease, it can also be divided into acute, subacute and upper lesions caused by chronic infection. Central nervous system infections, most commonly bloodstream infections, are pathogens, through mosquito or insect bites, or animal bites, using unclean syringe intravenous injections, intramuscular injections, intravenous blood transfusions, etc., these viruses can enter the bloodstream. In addition, in the case of facial infection, the pathogen in the pus pocket of the face can also enter the brain retrograde through the vein, and after the pregnant woman is infected with the pathogen, it can be transmitted to the fetus through the placenta, which is caused by bloodstream infection.

There are also direct infections, such as severe head trauma, penetrating brain trauma, or infection of adjacent tissues, which can spread the pathogen into the brain. There is also a retrograde infection of the nerve trunk, such as some viruses, at the beginning can infect the **, respiratory tract, after infection can be latent in the skull, once the body immunity is low after a few years, these viruses can be activated, and can enter the skull through nerve endings to cause encephalitis. So encephalitis is mostly due to viral infections.

There are many types of meningitis, it is recommended that you go to a regular hospital for timely examination**, there are many meningitis, which are mostly caused by viral infection, tuberculosis infection, etc., viral meningitis is mostly secondary to upper respiratory tract infection, which is less contagious, and tuberculous meningitis is contagious.

Encephalitis is caused by inflammation of the brain caused by direct viral invasion, as well as secondary encephalitis, which is usually a complication of viral infection and is caused by the body's immune mechanisms.

Initiatives are proposed. It is recommended to kill mosquitoes in time, mosquitoes are an important cause of encephalitis infection, in addition, mosquito nets can be installed on mosquito coils, etc., and at the same time, it is necessary to do a good job in vaccine prevention, vaccination is the most economical and effective measure to prevent and control encephalitis.

Precautions. It should be noted that patients with encephalitis should go to the hospital for examination in time, pay attention not to catch a cold, pay attention to diet and hygienic environment, avoid eating raw and cold food, avoid eating oily food, and should eat some light food.