What are the three exercises in ancient history

Morning exercises, radio exercises, eye exercises.

The system of three princes and nine kings was formed in the Warring States period and established in the Qin and Han dynasties. The Qin and Han dynasties took the prime minister, the Taiwei, and the imperial historian as the three dukes, and the Eastern Han Dynasty took the Taiwei, Situ, and Sikong as the three dukes to assist the emperor in handling government affairs.

There are different sayings in various periods: Zhou: Taishi, Taifu, and Taibao are the three princes. Qin Dynasty: Prime Minister, Taiwei, and Imperial Doctor are the three dukes. The statements of each period are different, and the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty are also different.

In ancient times, these three things have always been regarded as the three great blessings in life:

1. Candle night in the cave room;

2, meet old acquaintances in other places;

3. When nominated for the Gold List.

They represent confidants (friendship), red faces (marriage), and fame and fortune (being officials). Also known as "the three happy events of life".

The old biography "Four Joyful Poems" clouds: "A long drought meets nectar, a foreign country meets an old acquaintance, the cave house spends candle night, and the gold list is inscribed." These four lines of poetry are regarded as the "four joys" of life, and because the first line, "a long drought and a long dew", are often overlooked, the "three great pleasures" are more popular than the "four great pleasures".

The times have changed, and the three major events summarized by the ancients are no longer in line with the values of modern people (among them, "being an official" is the most prominent), so contemporary people have followed the example of their predecessors to summarize their own life pleasures and take this as their own outlook on life.

Three fortunate things in life in ancient times.

1. Candle night in the cave room;

2, meet old acquaintances in other places;

3. When nominated for the Gold List.

The three fortunate events belong to the "Prodigy Poem: Four Joys".

Source: "Prodigy Poems: Four Joys", the author Wang Zhu, the word Dewen, was born in the late Northern Song Dynasty. Wang Zhu wrote poems when he was nine years old, and was known as a "prodigy". Wang Zhu is full of poetry, and he has written many quatrain poems, all of which are short poems that are easy for children to memorize.

There are more than 30 five-character quatrains assigned by Wang Zhu, the master of the school at that time, compiled and interpreted into a collection, entitled "Wang Prodigy Poems".

The words of the prodigy poem are easy to understand, very suitable for children to memorize, it is the same as the "Three Character Classic" as the "ancient and modern strange books", and has become the main teaching material for children in Xunmeng, which has been widely circulated and has a far-reaching influence.

One is from the Southern Song Dynasty Hongmai's "Rong Zhai Essays, Four Strokes, Volume 8, and Frustrated Poems": "A long drought and a sweet rain, a foreign country meets a hometown; The cave room spends candle night, when the gold list is inscribed. ”

Quoting Ming Feng Menglong's "Xingshi Hengyan" Volume 2: It is clear that the long drought is sweet and rainy, and the race meets the old acquaintance in another country. Don't ask the cave room to spend candle nights, and look at the title of the gold list.

The four joyous events of life:

After a long drought and a sweet rain, I met my old acquaintance in another country.

The night of the candle in the cave room, when the gold list is nominated.

Drought and rain, other places meet old acquaintances. The cave room spends candle night, when the gold list is inscribed. Later, Dai Li added two words after the original four sentences, which became the four major tragedies of life.

Namely; A long drought and a sweet rain -- two drops, a foreign country meets an old acquaintance -- an enemy. Candle Night in the Cave Room - Next Door, When the Gold List is Nominated - Wanted.

A long drought is met with nectar (hail).

Encounter a former acquaintance (creditor) in a foreign land

When the title of the gold list is (acting).

Candle night in the cave room (monk).

Four joys of modern life:

A long drought is a rainy day.

Rejoice when you have money.

Drink kung fu tea.

Secure your pension.

The term "three servants" was first seen in the Confucian classics of the Zhou and Han dynasties, "Rituals, Mourning Clothes, and Zixia Biography", in which when discussing the number of years of mourning for a married woman as a husband and for her father (three years for the husband and one year for the father), it was said that "a woman has the meaning of 'three subordinates', and there is no 'special' way, so she is not married to her father, but she is married to her husband, and her husband is dead from her son."

The term "four virtues" is found in "Zhou Li, Tianguan, Neizai", Neizai is the official position of teaching harem women, responsible for teaching harem women "Yin Rites" and "Women's Duties" step by step, among which the "Nine Concubines" in higher positions "hold the law of women's learning, in order to teach the nine royal women's virtues, women's words, women's appearance, and women's skills".

Originally, it was a category of court women's education, and later it was called "three subordinates" and became the standard for women's morality, behavior, ability and cultivation, that is, "three obedience and four virtues".

Three Obedience and Four Virtues is one of the ancient Chinese customs, and the combined name of "Three Cong" and "Four Virtues". "Three subordination" refers to a woman who is unmarried and follows her father, marries her husband, and dies to her son; The "four virtues" refer to women's virtues, women's words, women's appearance, and women's skills.

First, the origin.

The term "three servants" was first seen in the Confucian classics of the Zhou and Han dynasties, "Rituals, Mourning Clothes, and Zixia Biography", in which when discussing the number of years of mourning for a married woman as a husband and for her father (three years for the husband and one year for the father), it was said that "a woman has the meaning of 'three subordinates', and there is no 'special' way, so she is not married to her father, but she is married to her husband, and her husband is dead from her son." By extension, women as daughters, wives, and mothers should be subordinate to men.

The term "four virtues" is found in "Zhou Li, Tianguan, Neizai", Neizai is the official position of teaching harem women, responsible for teaching harem women "Yin Rites" and "Women's Duties" step by step, among which the "Nine Concubines" in higher positions "hold the law of women's learning, in order to teach the nine royal women's virtues, women's words, women's appearance, and women's skills".

Second, the specific meaning.

1. Three subordinates: Women who are required to follow the morality of the three subordinates cannot be self-exclusive and autonomous, and must act in accordance with the father's orders, husband's will, and son's will, so as to be filial piety, virtuous wives, and good mothers. “

The three congshi and the three outlines in the "three outlines and five constants" advocated by the Han Dynasty correspond to each other, and the word "from" has a wide range of meanings, and here it has the meaning of obedience, follow, and obedience. The father is the son, the husband is the wife, and the three women are actually from the father and the husband.

2. Four virtues: women's morality, women's words, women's appearance, and women's skills.

Originally, the four virtues were the four necessary cultivation of court women's virtue, speech, appearance, and skills, and as the court etiquette spread to aristocratic families, the four virtues gradually became the necessary cultivation of upper-class women.

When the girls reach the age of about 10, the qualified families will hire female teachers to teach the children to obey gracefully, hold hemp and cocoon, weave cloth and make clothes, and learn a series of etiquette for preparing sacrifices and assisting sacrifices.

In ancient times, when the system of male superiority and inferiority of women was distinct, women had the cultivation of moral models and etiquette to establish three obedience and four virtues, and gradually became a traditional woman's virtue.

However, in this cultural framework of three obedience and four virtues, the emphasis on "patriarchy" and "husband's authority" has made women's social power very low, and even once became an accessory of men.