Is it better to plant large or small seedlings for plum trees?

Plum flavor acid can promote the secretion of gastric acid and gastric digestive enzymes, and can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, so it has the effect of improving appetite and promoting digestion, especially for gastric acid deficiency, post-food fullness, and constipation. Amino acids such as serine, glycine, proline, and glutamine in fresh plum meat have the effect of diuresis and swelling, and have an auxiliary effect on liver cirrhosis.

1. Cultivation techniques of plum trees.

1. Seedling selection. Choose plum seedlings with pure varieties, intact root systems, robustness, full buds, no quarantine objects, and no pests and diseases.

2. Colonization. Generally, the row spacing of the plant is 4 meters, and the buds are planted before germination (preferably before April 20). Plum has self-flowering infertility, therefore, the cultivar should not be single, should be planted at a certain distance to pollinate different varieties with the same flowering period, the ratio is 4:

1 or 8:1.

3. Soil, fertilizer and water management.

Normal soil fertilizer and water management can be carried out with reference to peach trees, but plum trees, especially foreign brown plums, such as black gem varieties, should pay more attention to the application of basal fertilizer and loose soil, so that the soil organic matter content continues to increase, otherwise the garden management will be difficult, and it will be difficult to receive high-quality plum fruits. In terms of production, the amount of soil miscellaneous fertilizer (or circle fertilizer, manure) applied per mu in autumn and winter every year must not be less than 10,000 kg per mu, accounting for about 100-150 kg per plant, or even more.

Gardens or young trees with good soil fertility should not be less than 50 kg each. If the base fertilizer is mixed with cake fertilizer or chicken, pig manure and other livestock fertilizers, the amount of application can be appropriately reduced, but the mixed livestock manure must be fully decomposed first, and the soil miscellaneous fertilizer should be fully mixed when used, and the soil miscellaneous fertilizer can not be replaced with cake fertilizer or chicken manure, which is very important for the black gem plum variety.

The growing environment of plum trees is highly adaptable to the climate, and as long as the soil layer is deep and has a certain fertility, it can be planted regardless of the soil quality. It has high requirements for air and soil moisture, is extremely intolerant to stagnant water, and poor drainage of orchards often leads to root rot, poor growth or susceptibility to various diseases. It is advisable to choose a place with loose soil, good soil ventilation and drainage, deep soil layer and low groundwater level.

In the process of top dressing, you can choose the products of the Fertile Leaf Water-soluble Fertilizer series.

It depends on your budget, the cost of large seedlings is relatively high, and the cost of small seedlings is relatively low. As long as the root system is intact, of course, it is good to plant large seedlings and achieve quick results.

It is better to plant large seedlings for plum trees, so that there will be an earlier harvest than small seedlings!

The pursuit of high quality is the mainstream of today, production practice has proved that it is difficult to produce high-quality fruit in high-density cutting and cultivation, plum trees in the first 1 3 years, small fruit and poor quality, only after that, the quality continues to increase and improve, high-density cutting and cultivation is in the first 2 3 years of fruit has an advantage, and the subsequent years of production of fruits are mostly small, poor quality.

To build an ecological orchard, it is necessary to implement the orchard grass system, and it is difficult to achieve grass growth in a high-density cutting circle, and it is also very difficult to apply organic fertilizer.

In general, the row spacing is (3 4) m (2 3) m for dense planting, and 5 m and 4 m for ordinary cultivation. Grass grows between rows, grass is covered in rows, or grass is covered between rows or the whole garden. The soil of the mountain plum orchard is poor, the ultraviolet rays are strong, which can inhibit the growth of plum trees, and the canopy is small.

When cultivated in greenhouses or greenhouses, the general plant spacing is 1 2 meters, and the row spacing is meters.

More than three years of seedlings are better.

The survival rate of plum trees is highest when transplanted about a week after the leaves fall in autumn (early to mid-to-mid-November) or about half a month before budding in spring (mid-to-late March).

<> plum seedlings are generally better planted from the end of November to March of the following year. Plum is a kind of plant belonging to the Rosaceae family, plum genus, Beimin Daiming Jiaqingzi, Bulin, Qiaomu Vertical Jade Emperor Plum, Mountain Plum, etc., the ripening time of its fruit is generally 7-8 months, the fruit is full and round after ripening, exquisitely clear, the form is beautiful and resistant to potatoes, the taste is sweet, and it is loved by more people.

How to plant plum saplings correctly

Planting method: The planting hole is generally about 1m in diameter and deep. When digging and planting holes, be sure to put the subsoil and heart soil on both sides of the hole.

When planting, the plum sapling is placed vertically in the middle of the hole, and the roots are carried out, and then the trunk is lifted while returning to the soil, so that there is no gap between the rhizome and the soil environment. When backfilling, fill in the subsoil of 20cm, and then fill in the hole 40-60cm after infiltrating the heart soil into the fertilizer, step on the solid while filling, the top 40cm full backfill subsoil, the base soil around the planting hole is higher than about 20cm after the backfill, and the seedlings are planted immediately after filling with enough water.

Base fertilizer: Base fertilizer is the basic fertilizer that can provide a variety of nutrients for plum trees for a long time, generally based on delayed organic fertilizer, such as manure, farm fertilizer, crop straw, green manure crops, dead leaves, etc. The base fertilizer is applied in autumn, and the adult plum tree should be treated with 50-100kg of organic fertilizer per plant.

Top dressing: Top dressing at the time of flowering. 10 days before the budding period of plum trees (early to mid-April), the plant can be applied with fast-acting base fertilizer or 25kg of manure farmyard fertilizer. Flower topdressing, should be timely topdressing fast-acting nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, in order to reduce physiological fruit drop, in mid to late May to mid to late June, plant application.

Top dressing of fruit Pengda and flower bud differentiation stage, after physiological fruit drop to before the fruit reaches the rapid expansion stage (mid-to-late June to mid-to-late August), top dressing fast-acting nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium compound fertilizer, plant application. Top dressing in the middle and late stages of fruit growth, and top dressing during the gradual coloring of the fruit to the harvest period. This time, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are dominant, and the fast-acting base fertilizer is better to be sprayed on leaves, and the concentration value is carried out, and the fusion spraying is carried out.

Plum tree summer pruning technique

Summer pruning refers to pruning during the growing season, which is generally carried out from mid-to-late June to early to mid-July, and can be used in several ways. Topping during the growing season. The specific time of the growth point of the branch should be determined according to the species, planting standard and purpose.

The production machine of the new shoots is twisted, but not broken, and the growth of the generally valuable blind branches can be inhibited in this way. Twisting the shoots should be carried out when the growth length of the new shoots is sufficient, and the twisting position should be in a semi-lignified place. Hold the lower end of the branch with your hand and keep pinching it to make the branch mechanism damaged, and grow in a degree or obliquely.

Pest control methods

After flowering, spray 1000 times of 50% pine borer solvent to prevent peach weevil and pear heartworm; In mid to late May, when it was found that the white scale was dispersed and migrated, it was sprayed with 1000 times of 80% insecticidal double solvent to control aphids. 6 At noon in July, the nymphs of the red-necked longhorn beetle were captured, and the trunk was inspected to hook the larvae.

Planting method: The diameter of the planting hole is about 1m, and the depth is deep. When digging a pit, be sure to place the subsoil and core soil on both sides of the pit.

When planting, the plum sapling is placed vertically in the hole, the roots are all lifted out, and then the trunk is lifted back to the soil, so that the roots and the soil environment are seamless and tightly connected. When backfilling, fill 20cm of subsoil first, and then fill 40-60cm of hole after the core soil infiltrates into the fertilizer, and step on it while filling. The top 40 cm is completely filled with subsoil.

After backfilling, the subsoil around the planting hole is about 20cm higher, and the seedlings are filled with sufficient water immediately after planting.

A method of fertilizer and water management for plum trees.

Fertilize the soil or land.

Basal fertilizer: Basal fertilizer is a basic chemical fertilizer that can provide a variety of nutrients for plum trees for a long time. Generally, delayed organic fertilizers are the mainstay, such as compost, farm fertilizer, crop straw, green manure crops, dead leaves, etc. In autumn, basal fertilizer should be applied, and 50-100 kg of organic fertilizer should be applied to each adult plum tree.

Top dressing: Top dressing when the flowers are blooming. 10 days before the budding period of plum trees (mid-April), you can apply kilograms of fast-acting base fertilizer or 25 kilograms of farmhouse fertilizer. After flowering, topdressing should be applied with fast-acting nitrogen and potassium fertilizer in time to reduce physiological fruit drop, and kilograms should be applied to each plant from mid to late May to mid to late June.

Top dressing at the flower bud differentiation stage of the fruit Pengdahe, after physiological fruit drop to the rapid expansion period of the fruit (mid-to-late June to mid-to-late August), top dressing of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fast-acting compound fertilizer was applied to each plant. Top dressing in the middle and late stages of fruit growth, from gradual coloring of the fruit to top dressing during the picking period. This time, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are the main fertilizers, and the fast-acting base fertilizers are better to be sprayed with foliar sprays, and the concentration is combined with pesticide spraying.

Summer pruning technique for plum trees.

Summer pruning refers to pruning during the growing season, generally from mid-to-late June to mid-to-upper July. The following methods can be used. Harvested during the growing season.

The specific time to remove the growth point of the shoot should be determined according to the species, planting criteria and use. Twisting the machine for the production of new shoots, but not breaking it, the generally valuable blind shoots can inhibit growth in this way. Kneading should be done when the shoots have grown long enough, and the position of the kneading should be in a semi-lignified place.

Hold the lower end of the branch with your hand and pinch it constantly, so that the branch is damaged and grows in a degree or obliquely.

Pest control methods.

After flowering, spray 1000 times of 50% thiophos solvent to control peach elephant and pear heartworm; In mid to late May, when it was found that the mulberry white scale was scattered and migrated, 80% insecticidal double solvent was sprayed 1000 times to control aphids. From June to July, catch the longhorn nymphs at noon, check the trunk hooks, and kill the larvae.

You should choose some good plum seedlings to cut them out, and then put them in water, and after they sprout, they can be planted in the soil, and the temperature should be kept at about 25 degrees, and they should be watered and fertilized more, so that they can be cultivated.

First of all, we should choose high-quality varieties, and secondly, we should water and fertilize in time, strengthen water and fertilizer management, ensure sufficient light, and also maintain a suitable temperature and environment, spray pesticides regularly, remove insect pests in time, and ensure soil permeability.

First of all, you should choose fertile and loose soil, you should also choose some farm fertilizer for fertilization, and you should also manage pests and diseases in a timely manner, and water regularly.

Plum trees are relatively easy to grow, there are many ways to plant them, as long as you pay attention to factors such as soil, water and fertilizer, and temperature, the plant can survive. The soil should be loose and fertile, and the appropriate amount of watering and fertilization should be moderate, and the temperature should be stable at about 15 degrees Celsius.

1. Good planting

Plum trees are relatively easy to plant, the environmental adaptability of this plant is relatively strong, under normal circumstances, whether it is the use of seeds for sowing planting, or the use of its branches for cuttings planting, the use of striping method to propagate the small plants for transplanting, do a good job of maintenance work can successfully survive and grow stronger.

2. Soil factors

Plum trees are not very demanding on the soil, under normal circumstances, ordinary soil can be used to plant plum trees, but considering the lack of relationship between the growth and development prospects of the plant, it is best to prepare a mixture of humus, garden soil and sandy loam soil, such soil is loose and fertile and acidic, suitable for plum growth.

3. Water and fertilizer factors

When watering and fertilizing plum trees, we should uphold the principle of watering dry and wet, so that the soil is not dry and not watered, watered enough to water thoroughly, keep the soil moist but can not leave water, fertilize to ensure that the fertilizer is appropriate and appropriate, thin fertilizer is applied frequently, and different fertilizers are used according to the different stages of the plant.

4. Temperature factor

Plum trees have a strong ability to withstand cold, and can survive normally in an environment of about minus 20 degrees Celsius, but it is best not to let it be in such a cold environment for a long time, and the temperature should be stable at 15 degrees Celsius and above during the day, and the minimum temperature at night should be about 3-5 degrees Celsius.

You can now grow plum trees.

Plum cultivation and planting techniques

1. Variety selection.

When preparing to plant plums, it is necessary to select plum seedlings with excellent varieties, developed root systems and strong disease resistance according to the needs of the local market and climate for cuttings, because good seedlings are very important for later preparation management and fruit taste.

2. Cuttings. After entering the soil combined with organic fertilizer deep turning, the density of seedlings must be controlled well when cuttings, so that the space is reasonably distributed, a single row spacing is about five meters, and the plant spacing is about three meters, mainly according to the size of the variety and soil fertility to reasonably distribute its cuttings density, to ensure that the plum tree has good ventilation and light transmission conditions after adulthood.

3. Configuration of pollinator trees.

Because Li Quechun filial piety is an alienated pollination fruit, a pollination tree should be planted every few when cultivating, and late-maturing varieties such as beautiful plums and black gems are generally selected as pollination trees, so as to ensure that the yield and taste of plums are better.

4. Artificial pollination.

When plums begin to bloom and bear fruit for about three years, it is necessary to do a good job in all aspects of management, when encountering more rainy seasons, to avoid the impact of excessive rain on pollen, to prepare rain protection measures for plum trees, in order to improve the taste of plums can choose artificial pollination.

5. Thinning flowers. In the full flowering period can be carried out to thin the flowers, a fruiting branch to leave the general flowers can be, mainly the growth potential of the poor flowers are all thinned, to begin to bear fruit when the fruit is also thinned, after all, the nutritional content of the fruit branch is a certain limit, according to the length of the fruiting branch as far as possible to leave the fruit, do not be reluctant, because only do a good job of thinning flowers and fruits can ensure that the quality and yield of the fruit can be improved.

6. Shaping and pruning.

The plastic pruning of plum trees, the plum trees that have been cultivated for about three years begin to grow more vigorously, at this time, the plum trees should be pruned according to the growth potential and different growth stages, and they must not be pruned casually, which will affect the absorption of nutrients by the tree and the germination of buds.

7. Cultivate tree shape.

Set aside a trouser trunk for cultivation, and when the plum enters the vigorous growth period, it is necessary to prune various branches, mainly combined with stubbing, thinning out overly dense branches, long branches, etc., to ensure ventilation and light transmission between the trees.

8. Appropriate lighting.

Appropriate light time and light intensity are very important for plum trees, and in the process of its growth, it is necessary to ensure that the distribution of branches between the trees is more reasonable, and the load of the tree is more appropriate, so that the tree can grow more vigorously.

9. Shading. In the hot summer, it is necessary to take shade measures, especially for plum trees in the seedling stage, if the light intensity is too high, the whole tree will wither, and the leaves will turn yellow, which will affect the number of fruits in the later stage. At the same time, the temperature of the plum tree during the flowering period should be ***, and 20 to 25 degrees in spring is conducive to pollen dispersion, as long as the temperature is not lower than 10 degrees during the fruiting period.