What is the most primitive script in the world?

1. The oldest script in the world: cuneiform.

2. Cuneiform, created by the ancient Sumerians, belongs to hieroglyphs. English: Derived from Latin, cuneiform is a compound of the words cuneus (wedge) and forma (shape).

3. Around 3400 B.C., the rudiments of cuneiform writing were produced, mostly images. Around 3000 B.C., the cuneiform writing system matured, and the glyphs became concise and abstract. The number of characters decreased from about 1,000 in the early Bronze Age to about 400 in the late Bronze Age.

Most of the cuneiform scripts that have been found are written on clay tablets, and a few on stone, metal, or wax tablets. The scribe used sharpened reed rods or wooden sticks to carve on soft clay tablets, which became hard and difficult to deform after being dried or roasted. Because it is mostly carved on clay tablets, the lines are straight and wedge-shaped.

Cuneiform was used by many ancient civilizations to write their languages, but these languages did not necessarily belong to the same related language families, such as the Hittites and the Persian Empire, but these two languages were Indo-European languages unrelated to Sumerian. In addition, although the Akkadian people also used cuneiform as a writing instrument, there are considerable differences between Akkadian and Sumerian.

4. Glyphs have also evolved with civilization, and gradually changed from changeable hieroglyphs to syllabic symbols. For 2,000 years, cuneiform was the only writing system in Mesopotamia. By about 500 B.C., the script had even become a common medium of commerce in much of Western Asia.

Cuneiform script was used until around the Common Era, in the same way as Latin is used today. It was only in the 19th century that it was translated and interpreted, thus forming Assyriology, a discipline of ancient history.

1. Oracle.

The oracle bone inscription is an ancient script in our country, and this oracle bone inscription is actually the early form of our Chinese characters, and it is the oldest mature script in our dynasty. The earliest unearthed oracle bone inscriptions were in Anyang City, Henan Province, when the oracle bone inscriptions were left over from that period of the Shang Dynasty and have a history of more than 3,600 years. Because the oracle bone inscription is written on the shell of a turtle or the bones of an animal, it is called an oracle bone inscription.

2. Seal text.

Seal writing is a kind of writing in the ancient Indus Valley, because this kind of writing is generally engraved on stone or seals made of clay, so we call it seal writing. Nowadays, scientists have found more than 2,000 seals in archaeology, and many of the symbols on the seals belong to hieroglyphs, so the writing should still be in the hieroglyphic stage at that time. Although the content of the seal text has not yet been deeply interpreted, this script is also a very old script in the history of the world, which should be more than 4,000 years old.

3. Mayan script.

The Mayan script was created by the Mayan people after BC, and it was very popular in the middle of the fifth century. At that time, the Maya people were also the only people in the Americas who left a written record. Nowadays, when it comes to Mayan prophecy, everyone can think of this nation, and the writing used by the Maya people is the Mayan script, which is also a very small number of ancient scripts that have not been completely deciphered so far.

It is speculated that the Mayan script first appeared around the time of the Common Era. The earliest stone tablet excavated to date is in 292 AD. This kind of writing is very wonderful, like a combination of hieroglyphs and sounds, which can represent the concept of the whole or the unique pronunciation of each other.

4. Epigraph.

Cuneiform is one of the oldest known scripts, and it was created by the Sumerians. In fact, as early as around 3400 B.C., this kind of writing was already preliminarily produced. At that time, most of this writing was in the form of images, and later around 3000 BC the writing system gradually matured.

The writing found today is generally written on clay tablets, some on stone, metal, and so on. Around 500 B.C., it was even a commercial medium used in much of Western Asia at that time. Until around the Common Era, only the written word was used.

Nowadays, this script has also become a discipline for the study of ancient history, Assyria.

Sumerian, Egyptian, Mayan, and Chinese characters.

Indian seal script; cuneiform writing in the two river basins; Chinese oracle bone inscriptions and Mayan scripts.

Cuneiform.

It is also called "nail head writing" or "arrow writing". Scripts used in ancient Western Asia. It is often inscribed on stone and clay tablets (mud bricks).

The strokes are wedge-shaped, rather like nail heads or arrowheads. It was created around 3000 BC by the Sumerians of the Two Rivers Valley. The Akkadians, Babylonians, Assyrians, Hittites, Persians, etc., all used this script to write their own languages.

It is also a common language for the exchange of diplomatic documents between ancient countries. Archaeologists have discovered a large number of cuneiform tablets or inscriptions, which have been translated since the 19th century, thus forming a new discipline of ancient history - Assyriology.

Both the Euphrates and Tigris rivers originate in the Armenian plateau in western Asia. Around 4000 B.C., it had its first inhabitants, the Sumerians. They created the splendid Sumerian civilization, and what best reflects the characteristics of this civilization is their writing - cuneiform.

Oracle bone inscription oracle bone script is one of the scripts of Chinese characters, and it is also the oldest mature script in existing China. The oracle bone inscription is also known as the deed, tortoiseshell, or tortoiseshell animal bone inscription. The Shang Dynasty people used tortoise shells and animal bones to engrave the divination time, the name of the diviner, and the divination next to the divination with a knife, and some also engraved the auspicious and evil fulfillment after a certain number of days.

However, the specific situation varies slightly depending on the stage of the oracle bones, and the Wuding period is the most complete inscription, and it is also the period with the largest number of extant bones. Scholars call this kind of record divination, and this kind of writing is called oracle bone inscription. A large number of oracle bones engraved with divination words have been unearthed in Yinxu, and these characters have the basic structure of Chinese characters.

A large number of oracle bone inscriptions and inscriptions not only record the political, economic, military, meteorological, and divination conditions of the time, but also mark the close maturity of writing.

Sumerian cuneiform writing is the earliest known script in the world, used in ancient Western Asia, about 5,000-6,000 years ago. "Cuneiform" is also called "T-headed script" or "arrow script".The name "cuneiform" was given by the British, called cuneiform, ** in Latin, which is a compound of the words cuneus (wedge) and forma (shape).

The name expresses the most essential outward features of the ancient Mesopotamian script. The earliest written word in China, the oracle bone inscription, is only more than 3,000 years old. The use of words is an important symbol of human civilization, so what is the earliest writing in the world.

According to myths and legends, Chinese characters were coined by Cangjie.

The earliest oracle bone inscriptions found in China date back to the middle and late Shang Dynasty. Probably between 1300 BC and 1046 BC, the largest number of oracle bone inscriptions were unearthed in Yinxu, reaching more than 100,000 pieces.

1 oracle bone inscription: In 189, many tortoise shells and animal bones were unearthed in Yinxu, Anyang, Henan, and people called the symbols engraved on them oracle bone inscriptions. There are more than 100,000 pieces of oracle bone inscriptions unearthed in Yinxu, and more than 4,500 words are used.

The oracle bone inscription is a cultural heritage of the Shang Dynasty (about the 17th century BC - the 11th century BC), and it is a relatively complete and mature script. Papyrus: More than 3,000 years ago, the Egyptians had hieroglyphs, such as:

A semicircle represents the dough, a circle with a center represents the sun, and three ripples represent water. 2 Papyrus is the writing material of the ancient Egyptians, who used sharpened reed rods dipped in paint to write on papyrus. 3.

Cuneiform: Cuneiform was invented by the Sumerians.

According to current archaeological finds, the earliest writing was invented by the Sumerians in the valley of the two rivers in Western Asia, dating back 5,500 years. Graphic text is generally engraved on clay tablets, which is mysterious and difficult to understand. The Sumerian civilization was probably the earliest known human civilization, and the graphic writing it created was not similar to any other known language, where did the Sumerians come from.

Where the Sumerian civilization originated remains a mystery to this day.

At present, ancient scripts including cuneiform, hieroglyphs and oracle bone inscriptions have been deciphered. However, the graphic text of the Sumerians is extremely difficult to decipher, and experts are still studying it

The earliest writing in the world is the oracle bone inscription.

The oracle bone inscription, also known as the "Qiwen", "Oracle Bone Bu Ci", "Yinxu Script" or "Tortoiseshell Beast Bone Inscription", is the earliest mature writing system discovered in China so far, and is the source of Chinese characters and the root of China's excellent traditional culture. The remains of oracle bone inscriptions in the early Shang Dynasty are mainly found in Zhengzhou**, and the late Shang Dynasty is represented by the Yin Ruins in Anyang.

The oracle bone inscription is the most important text in the late Shang Dynasty, and the archaeological discovery has a large number of bones, totaling more than 100,000 pieces, the content is mainly the divination record of the Shang royal family, and the family emblem of the tribes of many states can also be seen. The oracle bone inscription has about 4,000 words and reflects the basic composition of the text symbol system. Compared with the stereotyped ancient Chinese character symbol system established in Shuowen Jie Zi, the oracle bone inscription already has various types of Chinese character configurations, as well as the "four bodies" in the traditional "Six Books", namely pictograms, signifiers, ideologies, and shapes and sounds.

Characteristics of Oracle

Oracle bone inscriptions are words engraved or written on tortoise shells and animal bones. Judging from the characters on the oracle bones, they already have the three elements of Chinese calligraphy: brushwork, knots, and chapters. Its pen lines are strict and thin, straight and thick are equipped, and the strokes are folded in many ways, which has had an impact on the pen and knife carved by later generations.

From the perspective of structural fonts, the text not only changes, although the size is different, but it is relatively balanced and symmetrical, and it also shows a stable pattern. Therefore, from the perspective of chapter method, although affected by the size and shape of the bone fragment, it still shows the technique of engraving and the artistic characteristics of calligraphy and Zen writing. The fact that "oracle bone calligraphy" is now popular among some calligraphers and calligraphy enthusiasts is a testament to its charm.

Judging from the use of the pen, the oracle bone inscription is engraved on the hard tortoise shell or animal bone with a knife, so the carving is mostly made of straight lines, and the curve is also carved by short straight lines. The thickness of its strokes is also mostly uniform; Due to the chaotic core of the knife and the knife straight down, most of the lines show the characteristics of slightly thicker in the middle and slightly thinner at the ends, which appear thin and solid, straight and sharp, and full of three-dimensional feeling.

The above content refers to the Encyclopedia - Oracle.

The world's earliest writing is the cuneiform script that appeared in the ancient Middle East.

It was created by the ancient Sumerians and belongs to hieroglyphs. Around 3400 B.C., rudiments of cuneiform writing were produced, mostly images. Around 3000 B.C., the cuneiform writing system matured, and the glyphs were concise and abstract.

Most of the cuneiform scripts that have been found are written on clay tablets, with a few written on stone, metal, or wax tablets. Bibliophiles write on soft clay plates with sharpened reed rods or sticks, which become hard and difficult to deform after drying or tumbling. Because they are mostly drawn on clay tablets, the lines are straight and wedge-shaped.

Cuneiform was used by many ancient civilizations to write their languages, but these languages did not necessarily belong to the same language family, such as the Hittites and the Persian Empire, which also used cuneiform, but these two languages were Indo-European languages unrelated to Sumerian. In addition, although the Akkadian people also used cuneiform as a writing tool, there are considerable differences between Akkadian and Sumerian.

Because it is mostly carved on clay tablets, the lines are straight and wedge-shaped, and reed rods or wooden sticks are used to emboss on the clay tablets to make it easier to write, so most of the text strokes are triangular lines, and the glyphs have gradually been fixed by the changeable hieroglyphs as syllabic symbols with the evolution of civilization.