What are the advantages and disadvantages of a three cylinder engine in a car? What are the pros and

Now more and more car companies have launched three-cylinders, and there are also a few car companies that have many small problems to switch back to four-cylinders, which mainly depends on the brand, ability, workmanship, quality, and research and development. It's not for three cylinders and three cylinders, let's talk about the shortcomings of the three-cylinder engine of the car, 1. Shake, the problem caused by shaking is that the mat that supports the engine is easy to wear, 2. The engine is loud, like a tractor, which damages face. Pros:

1. Smaller turbo hysteresis, 2. Better low-rpm torque, 3. Higher thermal efficiency, 4. Less mechanical friction, lighter mass, smaller volume. The three-cylinder engine equipped with the new generation X-Trail is different from the three-cylinder engine that uses the balance shaft on the market, and the VCTURBO variable compression ratio is "changing", ** it has its unique multi-link structure and variable compression ratio technology that is unique to the world. The multi-link structure allows the piston to move vertically downward at the moment of the engine's power stroke, without the power loss caused by the inclination angle of the traditional engine, offsetting 44% of the lateral force of the piston of the traditional engine, and solving the vibration problem of the traditional three-cylinder from the root; With variable compression ratio technology, the compression ratio is 8:

Intelligent switching between 1 (high performance) and 14:1 (high efficiency) to optimize power & fuel consumption. Compared with the naturally aspirated engine of the current X-Trail, the power is increased by 13%, the torque is increased by 26%, and the fuel consumption is reduced by 24%.

At the same time, compared with the current X-Trail naturally aspirated engine, fuel consumption is also reduced by 6%, and the technology Nissan is back.

Pros:

There are two main advantages of a three-cylinder engine. First, the fuel consumption is relatively low, and the displacement of the cylinder is naturally smaller, and the fuel consumption will also decrease. The second advantage is that it is small in size and light in weight.

The smaller size makes it possible to optimize the layout of the engine compartment and even the layout of the cockpit, making the layout more flexible compared to a four-cylinder engine.

Cons:

1. Jitter. It is well known that three-cylinder engines are inherently idle-shaking compared to four-cylinder engines due to design flaws. It is precisely this point that makes many people shy away from three-cylinder engines, such as Buick Yinglang, BMW 1 Series, etc., which cannot avoid the common problem of shaking.

2. Noise. Noise is also a common problem with three-cylinder engines, and manufacturers have reduced noise by adding a soundproof cover to the engine compartment and using materials with better sound insulation in the cockpit, but it will still be noticeable outside the car.

3. Lack of power.

Although most three-cylinder engines now use turbocharging and direct injection, they will lack torque until the turbo is involved, which means that they will be a little weak at low speeds. In addition, the higher speed settings can lead to a gap between comfort and smoothness compared to a four-cylinder engine.

Difference between 3-cylinder and 4-cylinder engines

Compared with the more mature 4-cylinder engine, when it comes to the 3-cylinder engine, perhaps many people's first reaction is that the driving experience is not good, and the shaking and noise are more defined as congenital "original sin". Objectively speaking, the early three-cylinder engine did have such a problem, which also became a reason for many people to reject the three-cylinder engine.

But in fact, a decrease in the number of cylinders does not mean a bad experience. Today's three-cylinder engine technology has entered a mature period. For example, SAIC-GM's new-generation Ecotec twin-jet turbocharged engine has improved power performance and fuel economy due to the optimal single-cylinder combustion design.

Pros:

The structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the energy efficiency of a single cylinder is high.

Compared with the four-cylinder engine, the three-cylinder engine lacks a cylinder, the structure is reduced, the material is less, and the space occupied is small, which not only saves manufacturing costs and space, but also reduces the vehicle curb weight. At the same time, under the same displacement, the energy loss is small, and the energy efficiency of a single cylinder is large.

Cons:

The vibration frequency and amplitude are high, the noise is large, and the stability is poor.

The three-cylinder engine is more eye-catching in terms of data, but because it only has three cylinders, the stability is far less than that of the four-cylinder engine. Just like lifting an object with your fingers, with the same weight, three fingers will make it painful, and four fingers will be much easier. This is the case with three-cylinder engines, where components such as crankshafts, pistons, and cylinder walls bear relatively large forces, and the structural stability is weak.

The angle of working next to each cylinder of the three-cylinder engine is 90 degrees; The working angle between the cylinders of the four-cylinder engine is 60 degrees, the smaller the inclination angle, the smoother the engine runs, and the less torque each cylinder bears, the smaller the vibration of the engine.

The working sequence of the four-cylinder engine is , and the four-cylinder works with two upper and two lower balances. The working sequence of the three-bar engine is no matter , 2 or , 3, and the distribution of the three pistons is always unbalanced because it is one up and two down, or two up and down, so the engine vibrates and makes noise.

The three-cylinder is not fuel-efficient, and the reliability is another matter, but the size is small, the cost is low, and the profit is high for the enterprise.

The three-cylinder engine meets the latest emission policy, the power can also be used, and the fuel consumption is also fixed

Advantages 1, the three-cylinder engine because of the lack of a cylinder, the weight is relatively small, and the occupied volume is relatively small 2, compared with the four-cylinder or six-cylinder engine, the production cost of the three-cylinder engine is lower Some disadvantages: 1. The power is weak, and there is one less cylinder.

2. Jitter, the unbalanced operation of the three cylinders will lead to the problem of jitter, in order to solve this problem, the manufacturer has installed a lot of rubber parts to alleviate the jitter problem, but it can not be the first jitter problem!

The advantages of the three-cylinder engine are low fuel consumption, lower carbon emissions, energy saving and emission reduction. For the same displacement engine, a three-cylinder engine has one less cylinder than a four-cylinder engine, and the less air enters the engine, so the amount of fuel injected will be reduced, and the fuel consumption will be lower. The most critical point is that the current environment is energy-saving and emission reduction, and the three-cylinder engine has inherent advantages.

Less energy loss. Compared to the four-cylinder, one less cylinder and fewer mechanical parts will reduce the energy loss caused by mechanical friction. Both the heat transfer loss and the friction loss are less than those of the 4-cylinder.

Compared with four-cylinders, the energy loss is small and the energy efficiency of a single cylinder is higher for the same displacement. Correspondingly, the combustion efficiency increases.

Light weight, small size, space-saving, makes the engine layout more reasonable. At the same time, the overall weight of the body can be reduced.

As the structure is reduced, less material is used, and the corresponding manufacturing cost is reduced.

The disadvantages of the three-cylinder engine, the engine shakes, the vibration is large, and the noise is high. Jitter can be said to be the fatal flaw of odd-numbered cylinder engines. Because the three-cylinder engine works differently from the four-cylinder engine, the three-cylinder engine is two up and one down, which leads to a constant unbalanced working state, and the even-numbered cylinder can just neutralize this reciprocating inertia force.

The simplest analogy is that three people carrying a sedan chair is not as stable as four people carrying a sedan chair. Low power. This is a congenital decision, the more cylinders there are, the greater the concentration.

This is especially noticeable at the start and at high speeds. However, in terms of urban transportation, it is not a big problem.

The power is incoherent (the power output is not linear). The working angle between cylinders in a four-cylinder engine is 60 degrees, and the working angle between each cylinder in a three-cylinder engine is 90 degrees. Due to the increase in inclination, the piston movement is unbalanced, and the whole movement process is intermittent.

Because of the unbalanced vibration, vibration, and piston movement, the reliability and durability are low.

Disadvantages: due to the uneven number of cylinders placed on both sides of the 3-cylinder engine, it is easy to shake in the work, and the engine is louder, although the balance shaft technology used solves the problem of excessive vibration intensity, but it is also higher than the vibration level of the 4-cylinder, 6-cylinder and other engines.

Advantages: The three-cylinder engine has excellent fuel consumption control due to its structural advantages. Engine downsizing makes it smaller, more power dense, and more thermally efficient.

The three-cylinder engine will have lower pump gas losses due to structural reasons, and because the cylinder block is smaller, the friction loss during operation will also be smaller, and the corresponding heat dissipation loss will also be reduced.

In fact, the three-cylinder engine is a "monster" born under the pressure of emission policy. In fact, it is a helpless choice. Because the regulations require companies to limit the engine displacement of vehicles within the specified weight range.

If the displacement is small, if the number of cylinders remains the same, the volume of each cylinder will be smaller, which will lead to low torque. So the manufacturer can only think of reducing the number of cylinders. That's all.

Advantages: There are two main advantages of the three-cylinder engine. First of all, fuel consumption is relatively low, the cylinder displacement is small, and fuel consumption can also be reduced.

The second advantage is that it is small in size and light in weight. Due to the small size, it is possible to optimize the engine compartment layout and even the cockpit layout, which is more flexible than a four-cylinder engine.

Disadvantage 1: Jitter.

Due to the design flaws of the three-cylinder engine, it is known to maintain idle jitter compared to a four-cylinder engine. It is at this point that many people are discouraged by three-cylinder engines such as Buick Yinglong, BMW 1 Series, etc., and cannot avoid the common judder problem.

2. Noise. Noise is also one of the common faults of three-cylinder engines. Manufacturers have reduced noise by adding a sound hood inside the engine compartment and using better materials in the cockpit, but it is still evident outside the car.

3. Lack of power.

While most three-cylinder engines now use turbocharging and direct-in-cylinder injection technology, they won't have enough torque until the turbo comes in, meaning they'll be a bit weak at low speeds. In addition, setting high rpm will result in some different levels of comfort and smoothness with a four-cylinder machine.

A three-cylinder engine is an engine consisting of three cylinders.

At present, cars on the market are mainly composed of three cylinders and four cylinders, so what are the advantages and disadvantages of three cylinders compared to four-cylinder engines?

First of all, the pros:

1. Because there is one less cylinder, its weight and volume will be reduced, so as to achieve a fuel-saving effect 2, it is also much easier to maintain and repair in the later stage, and the cost is also reduced a lot 3, suitable for hybrid models, adapt to the future development trend of automobiles, and then talk about the shortcomings:

1. Because there is one less cylinder, the power is also slightly weak, especially the high-speed power is weak 2, because the three cylinders will be slightly unbalanced when working, which will cause shaking. With the current technology is not very mature, it is not yet possible to keep up with the problem of jitter.

Advantages and disadvantages of three-cylinder engines - benefits.

First, one less cylinder reduces friction loss, pump gas loss and heat loss, and the overall efficiency is higher;

Second, the three-cylinder engine has better low-rev torque and smaller turbo lag than the four-cylinder engine because it lacks the exhaust interference of the four-cylinder engine.

Thirdly, the three-cylinder engine is smaller in size and weight, which not only reduces the overall weight of the vehicle, but also allows for a more convenient hybrid arrangement, which further reduces fuel consumption.

Advantages and disadvantages of three-cylinder engines - disadvantages will be narrowed.

After talking about the advantages, we still have to mention the shortcomings of the three-cylinder engine by the way, cutting off a cylinder block brings various benefits at the same time, but also makes the three-cylinder engine have jitter, noise, low-speed torque and other congenital deficiencies. However, each product has its own instinct of self-iteration and upgrading, for example, many three-cylinder engines will now add additional counterweights to balance the moment of inertia, and are still trying to reduce jitter and noise, perhaps these congenital deficiencies will be overcome one by one in a few years.

The three-cylinder engine, due to the mechanical structure, produces obvious shaking when working, and the noise is loud and the power is insufficient.

The basic advantage of a three-cylinder engine is that it has higher fuel efficiency, so that a three-cylinder will theoretically be more fuel-efficient. And because the three-cylinder engine has fewer cylinders, friction losses are reduced and less fuel is wasted.

Of course, because the three-cylinder engine is one less cylinder than the four-cylinder one, the volume becomes smaller, the weight is lighter, and it is also a cost saving.

The three-cylinder engine has so many advantages, it also has disadvantages, compared to the four-cylinder, the inertia force generated by the three-cylinder engine is not counteracted, and it will shake, while the force generated by the four-cylinder engine is balanced, so the jitter is eliminated. In addition, the three-cylinder engine model used car** will drop more price than the four-cylinder model.

Advantage 1: Miniaturization.

Since most of the civilian models on the market use a transverse front-wheel drive layout, a big advantage of the three-cylinder engine is that it is downsizing and lightweight. It can give the front-engine small car a better axle load distribution and improve handling. At the same time, the downsizing of the three-cylinder engine can also save space for the motors, control modules and other equipment of plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs), such as the Lynk & Co 01PHEV new energy version.

Advantage 2: Better performance with low torque output.

Due to the use of a three-cylinder engine, the bore and stroke of a single cylinder will also be larger at the same displacement, and correspondingly, the torque performance at low rpm is better, which is an advantage over the smaller displacement engines covered by those three-cylinder engines.

Advantage 3: Theoretically optimal average effective pressure (MEP).

In fact, from BMW's engine strategy, you can find that BMW's pursuit is a single cylinder liter, which is also the industry's most recognized best average effective pressure value, about close to this value, the relative efficiency of the engine is also more ideal, and improving efficiency will naturally benefit fuel economy. So for engines up to liter high, the three-cylinder is the optimal solution for the optimal average effective pressure (MEP).

Disadvantage 1: There are disadvantages of vibration and noise.

Due to the odd number of cylinders, the inertial force is unbalanced, and the number of cylinders is small, and the power coherence is disadvantaged. Therefore, even if the car manufacturers use various methods to mitigate it, they still cannot offset the inherent disadvantages of vibration and noise from the root, and the natural reflection is that the quality of the vehicle has decreased.

Disadvantage 2: Hidden danger of theoretical lifespan.

Since the operation of the three-cylinder engine cannot achieve true balance, this will cause accelerated wear on the bearing parts of the fixed crankshaft, which is relatively lower than the theoretical life of the four-cylinder engine. Of course, this is only theoretical, and car manufacturers will confirm that there are no problems in bench experiments before launching a three-cylinder engine before launching it on the market. It's just that in terms of limit value, the life of the three-cylinder engine is not as good as that of the four-cylinder engine.