Why is the peak wavelength of the continuum spectrum of interstellar dust and the diameter of the du

The interstellar medium consists of three components, gas, dust, and cosmic rays. Interstellar media are all raw materials for the formation of stars. Stars are formed not just by dust.

The case of cosmic rays is a special one, referring to high-energy charged particles. Let's not talk about it here. Here we are talking about gases and dust.

Gas: In fact, it is the element hydrogen, which mainly exists in three forms: ionic state (6%), atomic state (77%), and molecular state (17%).

The molecular state is commonly known as hydrogen. However, the ionic state and the atomic state are also called gases in astronomy. This is probably the most common thing in the universe.

Of course, in addition to hydrogen, there are a small number of other elements, but compared to hydrogen, the others are very small. Dust: Actually, it is a relatively large mass composed of heavier elements.

It usually includes the abundant elements of oxygen and carbon in the universe, as well as some other metallic elements. The size of dust varies greatly, from a few tenths of a micron to tens or even hundreds of microns. They vary in shape, ranging from irregular amorphous to spherical, and may even be reticulated or nested.

For example, graphite, such as footballene, such as various amorphous carbons, such as silicates. Basically, when we study dust, we distinguish between two main categories, namely carbon and silicate. These two are probably the two most common ingredients.

Silicates in turn include crystalline and more general. So you might be wondering, isn't such a complex structure a bit like organic matter? You're right.

It is because of the existence of molecular bonds of carbon and other elements that such a complex structure can be bound. It's very similar to organic matter. The reason why dust exists in the so-called solid form is because the temperature is not high enough.

When the temperature is high enough, the dust will also vaporize. So, where there is dust, it usually means astronologically cooler places, such as interstellar space or the outer layer of a red giant. The proportional relationship between gas and dust is a holy grail.

What kind of stars can be formed, whether binary stars will be formed, whether planets or even the earth will be formed, and what kind of structure and ...... will be formed on the earthMany of the problems can depend on the ratio of gas to dust. We call it the air-to-dust ratio, and a high air-to-dust ratio means a low metal content and vice versa. Imagine if the stars that preceded the solar system had not erupted with so much dust and metals, and the Earth formed today would have had an order of magnitude less metallic content than what would have happened to today's society?

Every time I think about it, I have a bad taste for finding one of these extrasolar planets. <>

Interstellar dust gathers again under the action of gravity, and the nature of the elves is to put various patterns around the nucleus, and after the supernova purgatory, many large and new types of atomic nuclei have appeared, and the elves have naturally invented more complicated shapes. At first, they perform jumping between poses, and sometimes other looks are just right to help them make a wonderful jump (catalytic chemical reaction). Soon they were not satisfied with this, choreographing a series of jumps into a dance, and then performing an epic plot, which is life.

Suppose your conclusion is right that the spectral line of interstellar dust should be quasi-blackbody radiation plus scattering plus absorption, where blackbody radiation is related to temperature and absorption is related to composition, so, the possible cause is scattering, and here I think of Rayleigh scattering, maybe this is the answer. <>

NOTE: Our universe is a place full of dust. These interstellar dusts often reveal their presence by blocking the starlight behind it or by glowing nebulae; Sometimes it takes the shape of a horse's head, and sometimes it takes the shape of a Mexican hat.

However, no one really knows what a typical interstellar dust particle looks like. By studying how interstellar dust absorbs, radiates, and reflects starlight, astronomical acryologists are beginning to understand that interstellar dust is very different from the dust that is made up of the dust around a house. Interstellar dust particles are mostly made up of carbon, silicon, and oxygen, and are often less than one thousandth of a millimeter in size.

Recent studies have shown that most interstellar dust particles are not spherical. The interstellar dust particles shown in this image are the result of the fractal adhesion model.

This interstellar dust particle is made up of a tiny spherical mixture of different properties, condensed in a state of no bright field. The spherical mixture of different properties in the diagram is highlighted by different colors.

Molecules dispersed in space. The density is very small. About a few molecules in cubic centimeters.

The atomic level of the universe was originally formed, light atoms such as hydrogen and helium, mainly hydrogen, and later formed a cluster under the action of gravity, that is, stars, and produced many elements in the factory of stars, all the way to iron and nickel, and large stars will produce a small number of heavier elements next, such as gold.

After that, they will reunite under the gravitational pull and form galaxies, which is how the solar system that contains the Earth is formed.

Interplanetary matter refers to the matter in the star system that fills the interstellar space in addition to the celestial bodies, such as the interplanetary matter of the solar system, which includes very thin gas and very small amounts of dust. In interplanetary space near the Earth's orbit, there are about five positive ions (most of them protons) and five electrons per cubic centimeter on average. In addition, it is flooded with electromagnetic waves from the sun, planets, and beyond the solar system.

By analogy, interstellar matter is the matter that is abundant in galaxies of the Milky Way, and of course it cannot include celestial bodies. Interstellar matter is a general term for interplanetary matter, stellar matter, and even higher-level interstellar matter. Cosmic dust and gas within the star system belong to interplanetary matter, and cosmic dust and gas within the Milky Way galaxy belong to interstellar matter.

Nebulae are celestial bodies and are not part of the interstellar matter.

Interstellar dust is small particles of solid state dispersed in interstellar gas. According to the amount of extinction of the starlight, it can be inferred that this material is roughly solid particles. The mass density of interstellar dust is estimated to be about 1% of the density of gas.

The material of dust is composed of silicates, graphite grains, and ice-like substances such as water and methane.

Yes, you look at the definition of celestial bodies.