Stone is divided into several materials, and what are the main types of stone

Stone can be roughly divided into granite according to the classification of materials: granite: igneous rock.

Also known as acid crystalline plutonic rock, it is the most widely distributed rock in igneous rocks, composed of feldspar, quartz and mica, and the rock is hard and compact. Its composition is silica.

Mainly, accounting for about 65%-75%. Marble: It is a metamorphic rock formed by the action of high temperature and high pressure in the earth's crust.

The internal forces of the earth's crust promote the qualitative changes of the original rocks, that is, the structure, structure and mineral composition of the original rocks. The new rocks formed after qualitative change are called metamorphic rocks. Stone Making:

It is made of unsaturated polyester resin as a binder, with natural marble or calcite.

Dolomite, silica sand.

Inorganic powders such as glass powder, as well as appropriate amounts of flame retardants, colors, etc., are formed and solidified by methods such as ingredient mixing, porcelain casting, vibration compression, extrusion, etc. Artificial stone is based on the problems in the actual use of natural stone, and it has made great progress in moisture-proof, acid-proof, high-temperature resistance, and patchwork. Natural Culture Stone:

It is a stone mine mined in nature, in which slate, sandstone, quartz stone, after processing, become a decorative building materials. The natural culture stone material is hard, bright color, rich in texture and different styles, and has the characteristics of compression resistance, wear resistance, fire resistance, cold resistance, corrosion resistance, and low water absorption. Artificial Culture Stone:

It is refined from calcium silica, gypsum and other materials. It imitates the shape and texture of natural stone, and has the characteristics of light texture, rich color, non-mildew, non-combustible, and easy to install.

At present, the common stone on the market mainly includes marble, granite, terrazzo and synthetic stone. Granite is harder than marble; Terrazzo is made of cement, concrete and other raw materials forged; Synthetic stone is made from crushed stone of natural stone as raw material, plus binders and other materials through pressure and polishing. Because the latter two are artificially made, their strength is not as high as that of natural stone.

Marble, granite, limestone, sandstone, culture stone, etc.

1. Marble.

The name marble gradually developed to refer to all limestone with various colors and patterns, which was used as a building decoration material. White marble is generally referred to as white marble, but white marble for Western statues is also called marble. Regarding the name of marble, there is a saying - in the past, the marble in Dali in China was of the best quality.

2. Granite.

Granite can also be further named according to the dark mineral species, such as the dark mineral is mainly biotite, which can be called biotite granite, which is a common type of granite.

If it is biotite and muscovite, its content is nearly equal, it can be called mica granite, if the dark mineral is dominated by hornblende, it is called hornblende granite, if the dark mineral is dominated by pyroxene, it is called pyroxene granite, and if it contains almost no dark minerals, it can be called white granite.

3. Limestone.

Calcium carbonate is an important building material. The white and pure calcium carbonate rock is called white marble, which can be directly used to make decorative stone pillars or handicrafts; Calcium carbonate with beautiful patterns due to impurities is called marble, which is used to veneer the exterior and interior walls of buildings or pave the ground; Dense calcium carbonate rocks (limestone) can also be used directly in the construction of houses, but the main use of limestone is in the production of cement.

4. Sandstone. Sandstone is formed by the accumulation of rocks in the basin through weathering, denudation and transport. The rock is made up of two parts: debris and gap filler. Common minerals for detritus: quartz, feldspar, muscovite, calcite, clay minerals, dolomite, oolitic chlorite, chlorite, etc.

Gap fillers include two components: cementation and detrital heterogroups. Common cementations include siliceous and carbonate cementation; Heterogeneous components are mainly fine-grained clay or silty materials deposited at the same time as the detritus.

5. Cultural stone.

Art stone, also known as culture stone, originated in the United States fifty or sixty years ago, popular in South Korea, Spain and other countries, and introduced into Chinese mainland in the nineties. At first, it was used for indoor decoration, and then I thought it was good for outdoor decoration, and now it is generally used for outdoor decoration, and it is used indoors in small quantities.

<> "What are the different types of marble?

When decorating a house, marble is a material that is often used, not only beautiful, but also durable, so what are the materials of marble?

1. What are the different kinds of materials for marble?

1. Class A

Class A marble is a high-quality marble, with good processing quality, no impurities, and no pores on the surface.

2. Category B

The characteristics of Class B Zhengli marble are similar to those of Class A marble, but the processing quality is relatively poor, there are some natural defects, but there are no pores and impurities.

3. Class C

The processing quality of class C marble is not very good, and there are often defects such as texture fracture and porosity, but the difficulty of repairing these defects is not high, and it can be repaired by filling, gluing, etc.

4. Class D

The characteristics of Class D marble are similar to those of Class C marble, but they contain more natural defects and have poor processing quality, which requires multiple treatments using the same repair method.

Second, how to buy high-quality marble

1. Look at the surface

The surface of natural marble looks very smooth, which can reflect the human figure, although the surface of artificial marble is also very smooth, but the gloss is worse than that of natural marble, so by observing the smoothness of the marble surface, you can distinguish whether the marble is natural or artificially made in the later period.

2. Look at the back of the stone

Whether it is natural or artificially made in the later stage, if the back of the stone can see small pores, it means that the quality of the stone is not very good, but under normal circumstances, the back of the natural marble will not have pores to reshoot, and the artificially made marble will not have pores on the back because of the pressurization and vacuum and other processes.

3. Drip ink on the back

Marble has a high plasticity, high-quality marble structure is compact, even if the ink is dripped on the back, there will be no penetration, if the ink is dripped, the ink appears to penetrate, this kind of marble do not buy.

There are four kinds of marble materials: Class A, high-quality marble, with the same and excellent processing quality, without any impurities and pores. Class B, much like A marble, but the processing quality is slightly worse than the former, containing natural defects, and must be separated, glued, and filled in small quantities.

Class C, there are some minor problems in processing quality, defects, porosity, and texture fracture are very common, and can be repaired by separating, gluing, and filling one or more of these methods. Class D, similar to Class C marble, contains more natural defects, has the greatest difference in processing quality, and requires the same method to be treated multiple times. This type of marble uses a lot of colorful stones, and the decorative value is high.

The name marble derives its name from its abundance in Dali, Yunnan, China. Marble is very beautiful when polished. It is mainly used for processing into various shapes and plates, as walls, floors, platforms and columns of buildings, and is also often used as materials for monumental buildings such as monuments, towers, statues, etc.

Marble can also be carved into practical works of art such as arts and crafts, stationery, lamps, utensils, etc.

According to the division of marble varieties, the naming principles are different, and some are named after the origin and color, such as Dandong green, Tieling red, etc.; Some are named after patterns and colors, such as snowflake white, mugwort leaf green; Some of the imitation shouts are named after the image of the pattern, such as autumn scenery and waves; Some are traditional names, such as white marble, crystal ink jade, etc. Therefore, due to different origins, there are often similar names or different rocks with the same name.

How to buy marble?

Select the grade: according to the allowable deviation of the specification size, the tolerance of flatness and angle, as well as the appearance quality, surface finish and other indicators, the marble slab is divided into three grades: excellent product, first-class product and qualified product; The grading and identification of marble slabs are mainly identified by the detection of instruments and Bishiye measuring tools.

Check the cosmetic quality.

Different grades of marble slabs have different appearances. Because marble is naturally formed, defects are inevitable. At the same time, the quality of processing equipment and measuring tools is also the cause of plate defects.

Some plates are not plump (warped or concave), defective (cracks, sand holes, spots, etc.), and different specifications of the plate (such as lack of edges and corners, improper plates), etc. According to the national standard, all grades of marble slabs are allowed to have certain defects, but the superior products are not so obvious.

I choose a pattern shade.

The marble slabs are colorful, the colors are diverse, and the patterns are all the same, which is where the precious charm of the marble slabs lies. The color tone is basically the same, the color difference is small, and the pattern is beautiful, which is the specific manifestation of excellent varieties, otherwise it will seriously affect the decorative effect.

Inspect the surface gloss.

The gloss of the surface of the marble slab will greatly affect the decorative effect. Generally speaking, the polished surface of high-quality marble slabs should have a mirror-like luster, which can clearly reflect the scene. However, due to the different chemical compositions of different quality marbles, even the same grade of products, their gloss will vary greatly.

Of course, there will be certain differences in the surface gloss of the same material between different grades. In addition, the strength and water absorption of marble slabs are also important indicators to evaluate the quality of marble.

Stone can be divided into three categories according to the reasons for its formation, magmatic rocks, sedimentary rocks, and metamorphic rocks.

As a high-grade building decoration material, most people are not familiar with the types and properties of stone that can be used for decoration. At present, the common stone on the market mainly includes marble, granite, terrazzo and synthetic stone. Granite is harder than marble; Terrazzo is made of cement, concrete and other raw materials forged; Synthetic stone is made from crushed stone of natural stone as raw material, plus binders and other materials through pressure and polishing. Because the latter two are artificially made, their strength is not as high as that of natural stone.

There are two main types of stone, namely natural and man-made stone. Natural stone has plates and blocks, plates and granite, blocks such as roadside stones, flower beds and other artificial stones, microcrystalline stone, acrylic jade, quartz stone, port stone, early terrazzo, etc. Artificial stone is the mainstream of society now, it is fashionable, environmentally friendly, sustainable and energy-saving.

Natural stone opens mountains, destroys forests, destroys the environment, wastes resources, and is harmful to the human body.