How to do vibration damping and isolation of buildings? Compare cutting edge technology?

Vibration reduction is the main means of preventing vibration hazards in engineering. Vibration damping can be divided into active and passive damping. Active vibration damping is to consider the elimination of the vibration source or reduce the energy or frequency of the vibration source in the design, and is more used in precision instruments, aerospace equipment, large steam turbine generator sets and high-speed rotating machinery, but the cost is expensive, and the application in ordinary construction machinery is less.

Passive vibration reduction includes vibration isolation and vibration absorption. Vibration isolation can be divided into active vibration isolation and passive vibration isolation.

In order to prevent or limit the hazards and effects of vibration, Guangxing Masonry summarizes several principles:

1. Reduce or eliminate the vibration source (active vibration absorption), 2 Stay away from the vibration source (passive vibration isolation), 3 Improve the vibration resistance of the machine itself (active vibration reduction), 4 Avoid the resonance area, 5 Increase damping appropriately (damping vibration absorption), 6 Dynamic vibration absorption (passive vibration absorption).

The commonly used structural seismic isolation device is roughly composed of rubber seismic isolation bearings, sliding friction seismic isolation bearings and viscous seismic isolation bearings. Structural seismic isolation systems can be classified as follows:

1) Foundation seismic isolation: A seismic isolation system is installed between the foundation and the superstructure to prevent the transmission of the action to the superstructure and reduce the damage caused by the superstructure. This method is suitable for large-capacity, large-scale high-rise houses, and the current engineering application is also relatively wide.

2) Seismic isolation of the floor: that is, a ** system is installed between the floors of the superstructure above the foundation. This method is suitable for the renovation of dilapidated buildings and seismic reinforcement projects, and is widely used in bridge engineering.

3) Suspension isolation: all or most of the mass of the suspended structure prevents the ** effect on the ground from spreading to the main structure and playing an isolation role. This method is used for some structures with special requirements.

4) Local seismic isolation: A seismic isolation system is installed between the structure that needs local seismic isolation and the main structure to reduce the ** reaction of the local structure. This method is suitable for structures with equipment, equipment, and communication equipment that are important for engineering structures, and is not suitable for other seismic isolation methods.

Among them, the most commonly used in the engineering community is the laminated rubber bearing seismic isolation system. This kind of seismic isolation system, the performance is stable and reliable, and a special laminated rubber bearing is used as a seismic isolation element, which is stacked by layers of thin steel plates and rubber.

At present, what is the most commonly used foundation seismic isolation system in the engineering fieldThe concept of foundation seismic isolation was first proposed by the Japanese scholar Kawai Hirozo in 1881, which believed that several layers of logs were placed criss-crossed on the foundation, and the concrete foundation was made on the logs, and then the house was built on the concrete foundation to weaken the energy transmitted by ** In 1909, the United States Karantrenz proposed another seismic isolation scheme, that is, a layer of talc or mica between the foundation and the upper building, so that the building would slide to achieve isolation purpose.

Through the seismic isolation and energy-dissipating elements of the seismic isolation layer, the foundation and the superstructure are disconnected, and the building is divided into the superstructure. Bearing system, friction pendulum system, etc., among which the most commonly used in the engineering community is the laminated rubber bearing seismic isolation system.

Energy dissipation and shock absorption technology is to design some components of the structure as energy dissipation components, or install energy dissipation devices in some parts of the structure. When the wind or small earthquake acts, these energy dissipation components or energy dissipation devices have sufficient initial stiffness and are in an elastic state, and the structure has sufficient lateral stiffness to meet the requirements of normal use; When there is a strong wind or earthquake, with the increase of lateral deformation of the structure, the energy dissipation component or energy dissipation device takes the lead in entering the inelastic state, resulting in greater damping, a large amount of input to the structure or wind vibration energy, so that the main structure avoids obvious inelastic state, and quickly attenuates the structure or wind vibration response (displacement, speed, acceleration, etc.), protects the main structure and components from damage or collapse in strong or strong winds, and achieves the purpose of shock absorption and seismic resistance.

At present, the most commonly used and most commonly used basic vibration isolation system in the engineering world is made of plastic. Especially on highways in residential areas.

The engineering seismic foundation system is a shock absorption system.

What is the first foundation seismic isolation for successful projects at present? This is still the basic BN.

Seismic isolation is an engineering technique designed to reduce the impact on building structures and personnel. Here are some of the types of buildings that require seismic mitigation and isolation measures:

1.High-rise buildings: High-rise buildings are more susceptible to the impact of ** due to their height and structural characteristics. In order to ensure the stability and safety of high-rise buildings, seismic isolation technology is often used during the design and construction process to reduce the impact force.

2.Bridges and transportation facilities: Bridges and other transportation facilities are important infrastructure that connects different regions.

**It may lead to the destruction of the bridge structure, which will affect the transportation of Xiaoshan Mountain. Therefore, in the design of bridges and transportation facilities, seismic reduction and isolation technology can significantly improve their seismic resistance.

3.Hospitals and Urgent Care Centers: Hospitals and emergency centers are key places to provide emergency relief and medical services after an eventuality. In order to ensure that these buildings can continue to operate and provide emergency rescue at the best time, the use of seismic reduction and isolation technology can effectively improve their earthquake resistance.

4.Nuclear power plants and other critical facilities: Serious accidents at critical facilities such as nuclear power plants, dams, petrochemical plants, etc., can lead to catastrophic consequences.

Therefore, when designing and constructing these important facilities, it is necessary to use seismic reduction and isolation technology to improve their disaster resistance and reduce the risk of accidents.

5.Historical and Cultural Heritage Buildings: Historical and cultural heritage buildings have unique cultural and historical value. In order to protect these buildings, the application of seismic reduction and isolation technology can reduce the damage to their structures and protect the integrity of historical and cultural heritage.

It is important to emphasize that seismic isolation is not applicable to all buildings. Whether to use seismic reduction and isolation technology needs to be evaluated by comprehensively considering the structural characteristics of the building, the first risk, the economic cost and other factors. When implementing seismic mitigation projects, it is also necessary to follow relevant building design codes and safety standards to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of macro and medium seismic mitigation measures.

Structural seismic isolation technology is to set up a "seismic isolation layer" with rubber bearings and other seismic isolation devices between the foundation and superstructure of the building, and consume most of the best energy through the deformation and damage of the seismic isolation layer, and only a small part of the energy is transmitted to the upper structure, which is equivalent to extending the vibration cycle of the structure itself, ensuring that the building does not collapse and serious damage when encountering strong damage, and effectively reduces the damage.

1. The seismic isolation system composed of a single seismic isolation element has developed into a multi-functional hybrid seismic isolation system, from a single horizontal seismic isolation to three-dimensional seismic isolation, and from basic seismic isolation to layer seismic isolation will become the future development direction.

2. In terms of product development, we will further develop high-performance and high-stability seismic isolation devices, and develop large-diameter rubber seismic isolation bearings, high-damping rubber seismic isolation bearings, skateboard bearings and low-cost seismic isolation bearings suitable for rural residential buildings in terms of rubber bearings. In addition to rubber bearings, with the research and development of new materials, other new material seismic isolation bearings have been developed, including friction pendulum seismic isolation bearings (FPS), etc.

3. In terms of the application of seismic isolation technology, it has gradually developed from multi-layer seismic isolation to seismic isolation of high-rise and large-span buildings, from single building seismic isolation to overall seismic isolation of blocks and even urban seismic isolation, and seismic isolation technology has a good application prospect for seismic reinforcement and renovation of existing buildings. The development of simple, easy, and economical seismic isolation devices to solve the seismic problems of rural dwellings is also an important way to reduce disasters in the future.

Overview of seismic isolation techniques.

Ink Documentation Resources***.

Concern. Overview of seismic isolation techniques.

Abstract:The basic principles and main methods of seismic isolation technology are expounded. Then, the development of seismic isolation technology was introduced, and the current research situation was introduced from several aspects, such as vibration isolation system, high-rise seismic isolation, seismic isolation software, and standard procedures. Finally, the future research direction of seismic isolation technology is proposed.

1 Introduction. ** is one of the most serious natural disasters. In the 90s of the 20th century, it occurred in some developed countries, showing that although the building did not collapse at the time, the loss caused by the destruction of equipment and instruments in the building was very huge.

Therefore, the traditional seismic design of the seismic design of "small earthquakes are not bad, medium earthquakes can be repaired, large earthquakes do not fall" seismic fortification objectives, is not a perfect seismic design concept, but the use of building structure seismic isolation technology, in the large earthquake structure is not damaged or only slightly damaged, so as to ensure the safety of personnel, equipment and instruments when rare occurrences, in line with the current stage of performance-based seismic design ideas, has a good development and application prospects. With the continuous development of science and technology, the research and application of seismic isolation and energy-dissipating shock absorption technologies have gradually matured and have been applied at home and abroad [1]- 2].

2. Introduction to seismic isolation technology.

Fundamentals of seismic isolation technology.

Seismic isolation is the effect of isolating the building structure. Through the seismic isolation layer set between the superstructure and the foundation of the building and between the layers of the superstructure, the energy is transmitted to the superstructure in isolation. Through the isolation system to isolate the input of the wave to the upper structure, the horizontal movement of the isolation layer to the large deformation consumes most of the equipment, prolongs the basic period of the structure, reduces the response of the building, reduces the acceleration response of the structure, and allows the isolation system to assume the best energy and play a role in shock absorption.

To meet the expected seismic requirements, so that the safety of the building is reliably guaranteed.

Common seismic isolation systems include rubber bearing isolation system, slip bearing isolation system, suspension foundation isolation system, helical steel spring isolation and swing isolation system, as well as hybrid control isolation system developed in recent years.

The basic idea of structural seismic isolation technology. It's just to take advantage of some. Something like foam absorbs shocks. It's the vibration and the sound that gets a little quieter.

In this case, it is mainly to prevent the damage caused by weakening its shaking, which is its main situation, and it is also its relatively normal.

What is the basic idea and development concept of simple structure seismic isolation technology? Haha, it's not that we don't understand this industry, so we have to consult professionals.