What causes dry mouth with systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a common clinical condition that can occur at any age and gender, and is common in young women, most commonly in the ages of 20 to 30. Its extrarenal manifestations are:

1) General symptoms: most patients show general fatigue, weight loss, 90% of patients have fever, fever is uncertain, 40% can exceed 39.

2) **Mucosa: 50% of patients can have facial butterfly erythema, the lesion is confined to the cheeks and the bridge of the nose, mild edematous erythema, telangiectasia and scale, severe exudative inflammation can have blisters and crusts, and the erythema generally does not leave scars and pigmentation after subsidence. Hair loss, which occurs in 50% of patients, is one of the sensitive indicators of lupus erythematosus activity.

Livedo reticularis is common and is typical of vasculitis. Neurological symptoms are common. In addition, urticaria, discoid erythema, periungual erythema, purpura, lobed hemorrhage, oral and nasal mucosal ulcers, etc.

3) Joint muscles: 90% of patients have joint pain, which is common in the facet joints of the limbs, and about 10% of patients can have mild joint deformity, but generally no signs of bone erosion. Long-term, large, and irregular use of corticosteroids can lead to aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in some patients.

1 in 3 patients have myalgia, and some even have obvious muscle weakness or muscle atrophy.

4) Cardiovascular: Patients with active lupus erythematosus2 3 can develop pericarditis, which is generally a transient and mild clinical manifestation. Myocarditis may be present in 10% of patients.

The mitral and aortic valves may also be involved, and systolic murmurs are usually heard at the apex and floor of the heart, which may also be associated with anemia, tachycardia, or fever, and diastolic murmurs are rare. In addition, Raynaud's phenomenon (about 25%), pulmonary hypertension, and ** thrombophlebitis may occur, the latter of which can be the first symptom of lupus erythematosus.

5) Lung and pleura: 40% of patients can develop pleurisy, which is a credible indicator of imminent kidney involvement in lupus erythematosus. Acute lupus pneumonia is rare, manifested as dyspnea, chest pain and cough can be absent, severe cases can occur a large amount of hemoptysis, some patients present with reverse atelectasis, and a few can develop diffuse pulmonary interstitial fibrosis.

6) Blood system: 50% and 75% of patients have normochromic normocytic anemia; 60% of patients have white blood cells; Platelets are generally mildly low, rarely 30 to 109 L (about 50%).

7) Gastrointestinal tract: some patients have nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain is common (about 50%), which may be related to peritonitis and lesions involving abdominal organs. Hepatic and splenomegaly occur in 30% and 20% of patients, respectively.

8) Nervous system: the incidence of symptoms and signs is about 50% to 60%, and the clinical manifestations are complex and diverse, often manifested as mental abnormalities, such as depression, mental confusion, etc. Epilepsy, migraine, hemiplegia, chorea, peripheral neuropathy and retinopathy can also occur.

9) Others: irregular menstruation, aggravation of premenstrual symptoms, especially migraine. Some patients can develop ** lymphadenopathy, parotid gland enlargement, conjunctivitis, etc.

Is there a positive factor for Sjogren's disease?

Of course, we can often see patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in our lives, but many friends still don't know much about the causes of systemic lupus erythematosus, so let's take a look.

1. Genetic factors

The onset of systemic lupus erythematosus tends to run in families, and the first or second degree relatives of SLE patients have LE or other autoimmune diseases; The rate of SLE in monozygotic twins can be as high as 70% (24% 69%), compared to 2% 9% in dizygotic twins; At present, more than 50 gene loci related to SLE have been found, most of which are HLA and quasi-genes, such as DR2, DR3, DQA1, DQB1 and C4AQ in HLA genes in the D region of HLA classes.

2. Environmental factors

Ultraviolet radiation can excite or aggravate LE, which may be associated with damage to keratinocytes, changes in DNA or release of "hidden antigens" or neoantigen expression, which cause the body to produce antibodies, resulting in the formation of immune complexes and causing damage. Drugs such as hydralazine, procaine, methyldopa, isoniazid, penicillin, etc., can induce drug-induced lupus erythematosus. And streptococcus, Epstein-Barr virus, etc., can also induce systemic lupus erythematosus.

3. Infectious factors

Inclusions and inclusion-like substances were found in glomerular endothelial cells and lesions of patients with SLE, antiviral antibodies were increased in serum, C virus (lentivirus) could be isolated from NZB NZW mouse tissues in SLE animal models, and antibodies to C virus-related antigens could be detected in glomeruli. It has been suggested that it is related to streptococcal or Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, but it has not been confirmed in patients.

In the face of the increasing incidence of lupus erythematosus, the number of hospitals with related diagnosis and treatment has also begun to increase. However, due to the lack of corresponding technical conditions, some hospitals cannot completely ** the disease, which will cause the patient's condition to appear.

Lupus erythematosus is a disease that can affect multiple organs in the human body, so this disease needs to be treated early, and there should be a more standardized method for this disease, so it is recommended that patients must choose a regular hospital, otherwise the consequences will be unimaginable, and we must have a good attitude to treat the disease of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Through our introduction above, I believe you also have a certain understanding of some of the causes of systemic lupus erythematosus, and we can know that many factors in life will cause us to have symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus, so we must do a good job in preventing systemic lupus erythematosus through the causes.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a specific autoimmune disease involving multiple factors (including genetics, sex hormones, environment, infection, drugs, and immune response). The disease is more common in women, accounting for about 90%, often women of childbearing age, about 25% of patients have kidney as the first manifestation, of which 5% of patients with renal disease persist for several years before systemic manifestations. The main symptoms include the following.

In the early stages, most patients have no obvious symptoms, and some patients may present with fever, tiredness, fatigue, and weight loss. Patients in the acute phase may present with fever, muscle pain, arthralgia, hair loss, mouth ulcers, etc., and patients with heart involvement may have palpitations, shortness of breath, and discomfort in the precordial area. Patients with renal involvement may have eyelid puffiness or edema of both lower extremities; Relevant data show that 10% of patients with lupus erythematosus can affect the central nervous system, and neurological symptoms such as agitation, hallucinations, delusions, and suspicion occur; About 15% of patients have seizures; If the disease affects the digestive system, symptoms such as loss of appetite, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting may occur.

Only by doing an examination can you find it accurately.