How should ear malignancies be treated and medicated?

One. Squamous cell carcinoma**: Mainly surgical resection.

Depending on the location and size of auricular squamous cell carcinoma, different surgical methods may be used. Smaller tumors located at the ear chakra can be closed with a wedge or star incision and a one-stage excision and suture. If the tumor is large, the posterior auricular transition flap can be used to repair the resected auricular defect in two stages.

If the tumour involves most of the auricle, total auricular resection and tomographic flap transplantation are required (figure). Squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal with a small tumor may be treated with a complete ear canal resection. The extent of resection should include the external auditory canal** and surrounding bone walls, tympanic membrane, and malleus.

Patients with extensive tumour that invades adjacent tissues and cervical lymphatic metastases require modified temporal bone resection and neck anatomy. If necessary, the parotid gland and mandibular joint should be removed (Fig. 3). Radiotherapy is less effective for squamous cell carcinoma of the external ear and should not be used alone, but can be used in combination with surgery**.

Fig.1 Surgery for small auricular carcinoma (1) (2) wedge resection (3) (4) astro resection (5) (6) (7) wide excision and flap reconstruction.

Fig.2 Extensive auricular carcinoma resection (1)(2)(3)(4), partial auricular resection, and (5)(6) total auricular skin grafting.

1) Partial resection of the outer or inner segment of the external auditory canal cancer (2) Bony partial resection (3) Surgical field after extensive resection Figure 3 Resection of external auditory canal cancer 2. Basal cell carcinoma**: Surgical resection is the mainstay, but radiotherapy can also be used.

Extensive tumour involvement, such as cartilage, external auditory canal, or middle ear, requires wide temporal bone resection. Three. ** of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the external auditory canal

The tumor is often pathologically low-grade malignant, but there is no capsule, it is an invasive growth, and it is easy to be localized after surgery, and the prognosis is poor. Early and wide excision is preferred. If the onset time is short and the tumor is relatively limited, total resection of the external auditory canal can be performed.

Resection should include cartilage, bony external auditory canal, tympanic ring, tympanic membrane, malleus, mastoid chamber, zygomatic arch, and, if necessary, parotectomy. If the lesion is extensive, subtotal or total resection of the temporal bone, including excision of the mandibular condyle, and supracervical lymph node dissection. Radiation therapy may be helpful in some patients, but in general, the tumor is less sensitive to radiation therapy.

Four. Melanoma**: Early surgical resection should be the mainstay.

Superficial melanoma that occurs in a small ear wheel may be treated with wedge resection. Patients with invasive growth and large tumors should be treated with auricular resection, parotid gland resection, and cervical lymphatic excision, depending on the extent of the disease. Melanoma is not sensitive to radiation.

6 1 What diseases are ear malignancies easily confused with? 6 1 What are the manifestations of ear malignancy and how to diagnose it? 6 1 What should be done for ear malignancy**?

6 1 What diseases can be complicated by ear malignancy? 6 1 How to prevent and care for ear malignant tumors?

Positive**, this should be based on the development of the disease, it is recommended that you go to the hospital for a diagnosis. It is important to adjust the patient's own mentality.

In the early stage, it presents as a flakes-like maculopapular rash with itchy sensation and easy bleeding caused by scratching, which gradually develops into induration, and then superficial erosion, ulceration, or the formation of cauliflower-like masses. There is no pain in the early stage, but the pain is more pronounced in the late stage when the perichondrium is invaded. In the early stage of squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal, it is often diagnosed as chronic otitis externa or cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal, and patients often have bloody otorrhoea.